'Impaired Autonomy and Performance' Predicts Instagram Addiction Among Instagram Users: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of early maladaptive schemas on Instagram addiction, as a more specific, controversial, and new field, in terms of the four-factor model developed by Bach et al. Methods: Participants over the age of 18 who have Instagram accounts were evaluated with the sociodemographic data form, Instagram Addiction Scale (IAS), Young Schema Scale - Short Form 3. Participants were divided into two groups according to their addiction scale scores; socio-demographic characteristics and early maladaptive schemas (according to the latest four-factor model) were compared. A multiple linear regression model was created to determine the factors predicting Instagram addiction. Results: The group with a high score on the Instagram Addiction Scale consisted of statistically significantly younger participants (t:4.44, p<.001) than the other group, the rate of being single was higher (X2=6.703, p=.010), Disconnection Rejection (t:-5.36, p<.001), Impaired Autonomy and Performance (t:-6.22, p<.001), Excessive Responsibility and Standards (t:-4.96, p <.001) and Impaired Limits (t:-5.30, p<.001) scales were found to have statistically significantly higher scores. In addition, age (beta=-0.27, p=.004) and scores from Impaired Autonomy and Performance (beta=0.39, p<.001) were found to have a statistically significant predictive effect on IAS scores in the linear regression model. Conclusion: Instagram addiction has been shown to be associated with early maladaptive schemas. Thus, evaluation and understanding of the clients' schemas and interventions for this are/become important in psychotherapy programs for individuals with Instagram addiction. Prospective studies with more participants are needed on Instagram addiction and other social network addictions

The role of social support on the relationships between internet use and sleep problems in adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre study

BackgroundThis study examines the frequency of problematic internet use and sleep problems in adolescents aged 14-18 years during the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies the impact of factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, internet habits, changes in daily life, and perceived social support on these problems. MethodsThis multicentre study was a questionnaire-based online survey study. The questionnaire included the Young Internet Addiction Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, as well as questions about demographic information, internet habits, and changes in daily life during pandemic. Several multivariate Backward logistic regression models were run to determine the variables that predicted problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. ResultsIt was determined that the frequency of problematic internet use was 15.5%, and the frequency of poor sleep quality was 47.8%. Poor sleep quality was found 2.5 times higher in problematic internet users. The perceived social support was found insufficient in adolescents with problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. Various factors such as the excessive use of internet and social media, low school success, lack of physical activity, lack of rules for internet use at home, and worsening of relationships with parents were found to be predictive factors for these problems. ConclusionsProblematic internet use during the pandemic is associated with worsening sleep quality in adolescents. It is important to create special interventions for problematic internet use and sleep problems that develop in adolescents as a result of restrictions during the pandemic

Evaluating the Correlation of Mortality and Biochemical Parameters in Community-acquired and Hospital-acquired Pneumonia

Objective: The associations of inflammation and immunity of host lead to higher mortality in both community-acquired and hospitalacquired pneumonia patients. Therefore, several inflammatory and immunological biomarkers are essential for diagnosis, prognosis, and survival. Among these inflammatory markers, such as older age, and higher blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein, and lower albumin levels have been shown to have strong correlations with worse outcomes and high mortality, especially in community-acquired pneumonia patients. In this study, we investigated the correlation between several biochemical markers, which are mostly involved in inflammation, and mortality in not only community-acquired but also hospital-acquired pneumonia patients. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study of hospitalized community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia patients in a third degree university hospital. In their initial blood tests (also used for diagnosis), blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and albumin levels, and white blood cell, lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet and erythrocyte counts, red blood cell distribution width and hemoglobin levels were measured. The outcome variable was mortality at 30 days. Statistical analysis included univariate comparisons of continuous variables between deceased and survivor groups, subject to mortality analysis and logistic regression in both community-acquired and hospital-acquired pneumonia patients. Results: 272 hospitalized community-acquired and 80 hospital-acquired pneumonia patients were included. Patients who died during follow-up had older age and higher levels of procalcitonin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and red blood cell distribution width in community-acquired pneumonia group. Remarkably, logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between creatinine and mortality, regardless of age, severity of community-acquired pneumonia and comorbidities. Creatinine is a strong independent prognostic factor, subject to mortality in community-acquired pneumonia group. Conclusions: Older age, higher procalcitonin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and red blood cell distribution width levels are significant biomarkers for prediction of higher mortality in hospitalized communityacquired pneumonia patients

THE ROLE OF LONELINESS, COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY, AND INTERPERSONAL PROBLEM-SOLVING IN PREDICTING DARK TRIAD PERSONALITY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

This study focuses on the variables that predict dark triad personality traits in university students. These variables are loneliness, cognitive flexibility, and interpersonal problem-solving. One hundred and sixty-six university students aged between 18-27 were recruited for this study. Data were collected using the dark triad scale, UCLA loneliness scale, cognitive flexibility scale, and interpersonal problem-solving inventory. Findings show that loneliness, cognitive flexibility and interpersonal problem solving together predict dark triad personality traits.The author observed that these variables explained 16% of the total variance in the machiavellian personality trait, 14% of the total variance in the narcissism personality trait, and 8% of the total variance in the psychopathy personality trait. More specifically; cognitive flexibility and lack of self-confidence predicted positively machiavellianism. On the other hand, constructive problem-solving predicts machiavellianism negatively and significantly.. Taking no responsibility and approaching the problem negatively predict narcissism positively and significantly. Finally, the psychopathy personality trait is only positively predicted by the self-confident approach variable. The findings were discussed in the light of the current study, and recommendations were made for future research

Mass attenuation coefficient, stopping power, and penetrating distance calculations via Monte Carlo simulations for cell membranes

The Monte Carlo (MC) method is a computer simulation that is widely used in different disciplines including physics, biology, biophysics, medical imaging, biomedical engineering, etc. In addition, MC method is often used to simulate the interaction of radiation with cells, tissues, and the environment. In the present study, mass attenuation coefficient, stopping power, and penetrating distance calculations were performed for cell membranes having an approximately 60-100 angstrom thickness. These calculations have been done for lipid bilayer structure of cell membrane via MC techniques employing two of the most known computer-aided calculation and simulation software which are MC methods such as SRIM-2013 (The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) and MCNPv6 (Monte Carlo N-Particle) with XCOM software. Stopping power and penetrating distance calculations were obtained using SRIM-2013. Also, both XCOM software and MCNPv6 simulation code were used to obtain photon interaction parameters within the energy range of 0.01 - 10000keV. Obtained all results from different codes have been visualized by graphing for evaluation

Serum galectin-3 and ?-1-acid glycoprotein levels in diagnosis and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an otological emergency in which etiopathogenesis remains unclear. A number of disorders is considered as the cause; therefore, different treatment modalities are used without certainty of a cure. The present study aimed to analyse the potential correlation between serum alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and galectin-3 levels with ISSNHL, and to investigate markers for guidance of treatment. A total of 55 patients with ISSNHL [29 (52.7%) female, 26 male, mean age, 46.76 +/- 17.68 years] and 47 healthy volunteers [25 (53.2%) female, 21 male, mean age, 43.95 +/- 12.96 years) were included in the study. The complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, serum galectin-3 and AGP levels were evaluated. The audiological investigation included pure tone average and speech discrimination scores were also recorded before and after corticosteroid treatment. Serum AGP levels in the study group vs. the control group were 64.08 +/- 25.10 and 67.01 +/- 21.59 mg/dl (P=0.53), respectively. Galectin-3 levels were 16.80 +/- 4.55 in the study group and 15.15 +/- 3.74 ng/ml in the control group (P=0.05). Serum galectin-3 levels were significantly correlated with unresponsiveness to treatment (P < 0.001). Galectin-3 is an important biomarker for patients with ISSNHL. Patients with high serum galectin-3 levels may be unresponsive to standard therapy

A novel prenatal index predicting the probability of neonatal intensive care in pregnants: amnion progesterone receptor to alfa fetoprotein rate

Introduction: Amniocentesis (AC) is the most used interventional procedure for prenatal diagnosis. The study aims to evaluate the pregnancy outcomes undergoing AC and the potential of amnion progesterone receptor (aPR) to alfa fetoprotein (AFP) rate for predicting the probability of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Material and methods:This prospective cross-sectional study population consisted of 85 pregnant women who underwent mid-trimester AC. All cases were screened by ultrasound before AC. Maternal venous and amniotic samples were obtained simultaneously to evaluate the serum progesterone (sPRG), aPR, and aAFP and analyzed with patient results. Results: Unlike sPRG and aAFP, aPR showed a positive correlation with NICU and a negative correlation with parity. In linear regression, the aPR-AFP rate showed strong linearity with NICU and parity. In an aPR-AFP rate analysis, we saw a strong predictivity for NICU compared to the other three parameters. It presented 73.4% specificity and 79% sensitivity at 0.0075 cut-off (AUC: 0.78; p = 0.003; 95% CI: 0.608-0.914). Conclusions: Evaluating the PR either alone or in a rational combination with AFP will provide physicians with valuable information about the advanced process of pregnancy and postpartum complications. The physicians might use the aPR-AFP rate to predict NICU potential for pregnancy and need further studies to make more vital predictions on postpartum complications

Naif Kronik Hepatit C Hastalarında Serum TNF-Alfa, TGF-Beta, IL-10 ve ALT Düzeyleri ile Karaciğer Histolojik Aktivitesi Arasındaki Bağlantının Değerlendirilmesi

Objective: In this study serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), interleukin-10 (IL–10) and alanine transferase (ALT) levels were measured in naive chronic hepatitis C patients and healthy control group. The relationship between the values and the histological activity of the liver was evaluated to make predictions about liver histology without the need for biopsy. Methods: A total of 86 individuals including 43 patients and 43 controls participated in the study. Serum AST, ALT, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta and IL–10 values were analyzed in patient and control groups. The correlation between liver fibrosis degree (stage) and histological activity index (HAI) scores and the IL–10, TNF-alpha, IL-10, TGF-BETA values of the case and control group was evaluated. Results: A very strong correlation was found between HAI and TNF-alpha (rho=0965). A significant relation was found between HAI and TGF-beta (rho=0.446) and statistical correlation was not found between HAI and IL-10. A significant relation was found between HAI and serum ALT values in the patient group. Conclusion: Liver biopsy is an invasive procedure with complications which may have severe results. There is a need for biochemical or radiological markers which extrapolate to liver biopsy. In our study, measurement of serum cytokine and ALT values was observed as a noninvasive method which can help to meet this need. © 2023, DOC Design and Informatics Co. Ltd.. All rights reserved

Fall-related ocular trauma in patients over 90 years in tertiary ophthalmic center in Germany: 90-TOSG Report 1

PurposeTo investigate the clinical characteristics of fall-related ocular trauma in patients over 90 years of age.MethodsRetrospective, medical record reviews. Patients over the age of 90 years treated in a tertiary center with fall-related ocular trauma were included in the study.ResultsFifty consecutive patients (fifty eyes) were analyzed. The mean age was 93.6 & PLUSMN; 1.8 years and 41 patients (82%) were female. The most common site of the injuries was orbital fracture (18 patients, 36%), accompanied with open globe rupture (OGR) in three patients, and globe contusion in two patients. Seventeen patients (34%) presented with OGR. Ocular trauma score in those patients was category 1 in 10 patients (58.8%) and category 2 in the others. Conjunctival hemorrhage and/or periocular contusion was seen in 14 patients (28%) and globe contusion in six patients (12%). At the presentation, the mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 2.82 & PLUSMN; 0.24 logMAR in patients with OGR and 1.98 & PLUSMN; 0.81 logMAR in six patients with globe contusion. Three of the patients with OGR had a final vision of 20/200 or better whereas the remaining patients had hand movements or less. The most common risk factors were female gender (82%) and use of antihypertensive drugs (46%).ConclusionPatients with OGR had a poor visual outcome despite the early treatment. It is important to raise public awareness about of the poor prognosis of ocular injuries due to falls in the elderly population in order to establish preventive measures.Projekt DEALOpen Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. No Funding was received for this research

The Effect of Newly Onset Renal Impairment on the Mortality Rates of the Patients Undergoing Endovascular Aortic Repair

Abstract Background: Visceral organ blood circulation is seriously impaired in aortic pathologies especially aortic dissection involving descending thoracic and abdominal aorta. Herein, we aimed to determine the effect of the newly onset renal function impairment on postoperative mortality rates of the patients undergoing EVAR and TEVAR procedures. Methods: Patients who underwent an EVAR / TEVAR procedure in our clinic included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of renal function impairment. Mortality rates were calculated for the groups. Results: A total of 60 patients who underwent an EVAR/TEVAR procedure between November 2016 and May 2021 included in this study. Group 1 included a number of 48 (80%) patients without postoperative renal dysfunction. Group 2 included a total of 12 (20%) patients with postoperative renal function impairment. The initial analysis of the data revealed significant differences in the age and sex variables of the groups (P=0.038 and P=0.008 respectively). Then propensity score matching was performed to avoid bias in the groups. After propensity score matching Group 1 included 12 (50%) patients without postoperative renal impairment and Group 2 included 12 (50%) patients with postoperative renal dysfunction. There were no significant differences between the groups after propensity matching. Mortality rate was significantly different between the groups which was 1 patient (8.33%) in Group 1 vs 6 (50.00%) patients in Group 2 (P=0.020). Conclusions: Renal functions after EVAR/TEVAR procedures should be carefully monitored because renal impairment is closely related with postoperative mortality. We suggest that more studies with larger patient numbers should be conducted on the relation of renal functions and mortality after regularly performed EVAR/TEVAR procedures