Efforts to Utilise Rootlets to Increase Kaliandra (Calliandra calothirsus) Production

Leguminous plants such as calliandra have many benefits, including anti-parasitic properties. The high tannin content in calliandra can be used as an essential ingredient for medicines. This legume is classified as a type of legume that can also be used as green manure, intercropping plants, fence plants, and biofertilizers. The high production of calliandra also makes this plant useful as animal feed; root nodules formed on calliandra roots can be used as a source of N to replace the use of chemical fertilizers. This research aimed to obtain root nodules and inoculate them on plants. The experimental method was carried out by selecting calliandra root nodules and then isolating them in the laboratory to obtain isolates. Observations were made descriptively. The result showed that calliandra root nodules can induce root nodules after isolation inoculated on plants, while plants not inoculated did not form root nodules. This result will significantly help increase the production of calliandra in large quantities so that it can be utilized as animal feed, and it will also increase the production of compounds produced by calliandra plants to be utilized as medicine. Production costs can also be lowered because root nodules as plants can directly utilize a source of nitrogen found in calliandra roots

The Potential of Taxus sumatrana as a Candidate for Cancer Therapy

This article aims to review the literature on studies supporting using Taxus sumatrana (Miq.) de Laub (Cemara Sumatra) as a cancer treatment. The method involved a literature review using the keywords "Taxus sumatrana" and chemical compound or pharmacological activity. There are no reports of pharmacological activity related to cancer from extracts or parts of the T. sumatrana plant. Despite a lack of scientific evidence supporting its anticancer activity, T. sumatrana is widely used to treat cancer traditionally. So, further research is needed to validate using T. sumatrana as a cancer treatment. Pharmacodynamic studies are necessary to demonstrate its mechanism of action. Additionally, toxicity studies are needed to determine the safety, ensuring no toxic effects on normal cells. Further research is also required to evaluate the effectiveness of T. sumatrana in clinical cancer treatment. In conclusion, T. sumatrana promises to be a natural medicine for cancer treatment. However, its validated use as a cancer treatment requires adequate supporting data scientifically

Various Applications of Active Materials Trichoderma sp. RC 3 Isolate for Antracnosa Disease Control Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporoides In Chilli

Anthracnose, caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, poses a significant threat to chili plant cultivation, resulting in yield losses and environmental concerns. This study aimed to obtain the best active ingredients from Trichoderma sp. RC3 isolates to control anthracnose diseases caused by C. gloesporoides in chilies. The research used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments and three replications, each repetition consisting of 9 chilies. The treatments used were Control (sterile aquadest/ without isolates), administration of liquid culture, conidia suspension, and filtrate from Trichoderma sp. RC3 isolate. The variables observed were the incubation period, the percentage of fruit attacked, and the intensity of anthracnose disease in chilies. The results showed that the active ingredient was a filtrate containing secondary metabolites from Trichoderma sp. RC3 isolate was the best treatment with an effective disease intensity of 58.45%, the percentage of fruit attacked by 44.45%, and slowed the appearance of the first symptoms (incubation period) for 13 days. These findings underscore the potential of Trichoderma sp. RC3 isolates are an eco-friendly solution for anthracnose management in chili plants, offering promise for sustainable disease control in agricultur

Application of Cow Manure and Trichoderma sp. on Ex-mining Land to Improve Soil Chemical Properties and Fragrant Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L.) Growth

Ex-mining land has low productivity due to poor soil quality. One way to improve the quality of the soil is by providing organic materials, soil microbes, and plants that are known to be adaptive, such as fragrant lemongrass. The study aimed to determine the effect of the use of manure and Trichoderma sp. in improving soil chemical properties on ex-mining land. This research was conducted in Nagari Pala Luar, Koto Tujuh District, Sijunjung, and the Soil Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Andalas. The design used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments (A = control / without cow manure and Trichoderma, B = 144 g cow manure + 14.4 gr Trichoderma sp. / planting hole, C = 288 g cow manure + 28, 8 gr Trichoderma sp. / planting hole, D = 432 g cow manure + 43.2 gr Trichoderma sp. / planting hole, E = 576 g cow manure + 57.6 g Trichoderma sp. / planting hole) and 3 replications. The results showed the use of cow manure and Trichoderma sp. able to increase nutrient content and of fragrant lemongrass growth in ex-mining land by giving 432 g cow manure + 43.2 gr Trichoderma sp. / planting hole

Quality Improvement of Carcass Local Duck in Feed Piper Leaver

This study aims to determine the effect of adding betel leaf flour (Piper betel Linn.), which is given in feed, its effect on the carcass, cholesterol levels, and local duck carcass meat quality. This study used 80 local ducks. The method used in this study was the experimental method with randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and five groups of body weight as replications. The treatments given in this study were A (feed + 0% betel leaf flour, as control), B (feed + 1% betel leaf flour), C (feed + 2% betel leaf flour), D (feed + betel leaf flour. 3%). The parameters observed in this study were carcass weight, cholesterol levels, and meat quality. The results showed that the addition of betel leaf flour (Piper betel Linn.) The feed had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on carcass weight and cholesterol levels but had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the protein content of local duck meat. The results showed that the effectiveness of additional betel leaf flour (Piper betel Linn.) In the feed on carcass weight, cholesterol levels and meat quality was obtained in ratio C by giving 2% betel leaf flour (Piper betel Lin

Cytotoxicity Activities of Ethanol Extract of Hooks Uncaria tomentosa West Kalimantan

Uncaria tomentosa is a member of the plant family Rubiaceae. It has been used as medicinal plants in West Kalimantan. The cytotoxic of ethanol extract from the hooks of U. Tomentosa was determined. This study used Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with solution concentration 1,000; 5,000 and 10,000 ppm. The extract has LC50 values of 21,754 ppm. It is indicated the extract not toxic. This extract is potent to be used as drugs

Effect Of Some Flour Extract of Botanical Insecticide on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stall) Mortality

oai:ojs2.jfmp.lppm.unand.ac.id:article/3Brown planthopper (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens Stall) is the primary pest of rice plants. The pest can reduce production and even fail to harvest. To control BPH generally uses synthetic insecticides. The use of synthetic insecticides has a negative impact; therefore, we need alternatives control, namely botanical insecticides. The research aimed to obtain the best botanical insecticide flour extract to control BPH in rice plants. The study was conducted at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Riau University, from October to December 2017. The research was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), which consisted of six treatments and four replications. The treatment was without the administration of botanical insecticide flour, flour extract of siam weed leaf, derris root, soursop leaf, spiked pepper leaf, and neem leaf. The results showed that the flour extract of siam weed leaf, derris root, soursop leaf, and spiked pepper was able to control BPH because they were able to kill pests above 90%. Spiked pepper extracts tend to be the best treatment at killing BPH with an initial death time of 2 hours, LT50 of 12.75 hours, and BPH total mortality of 97.5

Isolation and Analysis of Essential Oils From Bangle (Zingiber purpureum Rosc.) Rhizome

This research was conducted to determine the % yield of bangle rhizome essential oil, determine the chemical components of bangle rhizome essential oils, and determine the antibacterial activity of Streptococcus mutans. Isolation of Bangle rhizome essential oils was obtained by a% yield is 0.29%, and the density is 0.94%. The analysis of bangle rhizome essential oils components with GC-MS showed that there were 26 chemical compounds with the highest compounds, namely sabinene at 39.37% and terpineol-4 at 22.87%. Bangle rhizome essential oils has no activity on Streptococcus mutans in a concentration of 0.625%, 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5%. This is indicated by the absence of an inhibition zone on the BAP media. The positive control used was amoxicillin 3%. The negative control used was ethyl acetate p.a. Amoxicillin showed an inhibition zone is 29 mm, a strong inhibition zone against antibacterial compounds. The negative control did not show any activity to Streptococcus mutans, which was indicated by the absence of a clear zone on the test medi