F.W.Parker's Geography Learning "Content theory and Methodology"

The main purpose of this article is to research F.W. Parker's theory of geography learning, especially on content theory and methodology. In addition to the basic theory, we are expecting that we will lead to a total understanding of Parker's geography by researching content theory and methodology. My conclusion are as follows. Regarding geography content theory, Parker presented a unique "elementary geography science curriculum" for the purpose of fostering thought power. This curriculum was not considered to be fixed, it was flexible. First, it was "child centered curriculum" that can be modified according the learning situation of child. The other important view is that the "integrated curriculum" was conceived. Regarding methodology, first of all, it is noteworthy that an activism, inductive and even heuristic approach is taken. Secondary, it is highly appreciated that detailed discussion of the importance of questioning of teacher is made in total. The foundation of the questioning also had to be the one that evoked spontaneous activity and fostered thought power. Though these theories and practices Parker was called the "father of the progressive education movement"

Fundamental study on the similarity of desk top activities using photography from overhead

In recent years, the health monitoring technique for activities of daily living (ADL) performed by the aged person has been required in Japan. In order to solve the problem of our society, various image recording and processing techniques have been developed and used. In this study, the photography from overhead is adopted for considering to privacy, and the similarity of desk top activities is investigated. A head area during an activity was estimated with image processing, and displacement of the center of the area between continuous still pictures was calculated. Five-number summary (the maximum, the minimum, and three quartiles) of the displacement during the activity was obtained. The probability detected from the difference between two activities was calculated from the five numbers which are assumed to follow t-distribution. The similarity score of the activities was defined as the ratio of a number which was not counted as the significant differences. Experiments of three cervical movements and seven desk top activities were performed and the similarity scores were obtained. Those from the cervical movements clearly indicated the difference of movements. Those from the desk top activities indicated the similarity of the head movement during such activities

Comparative Study on Japanese and Cambodian Retail Services: The Issues of Convenience Stores in Changing Cambodian Life Style

世界的な経済構造の変化に伴い、カンボジアを訪れる外国人観光客も増加し、 カンボジア国民の生活ニーズも変化してきている。経済活動が活発し、消費者の 活動時間は延長され、消費活動も大きく変化した。その結果、カンボジアの首都 プノンペンには、ミニマートや小売業や飲食店などが増えてきている。しかし、 良くないクレームも多く、消費者のニーズへの対応という観点では、まだまだ不 十分な状況であることは否めない。 一方で、日本のコンビニエンスストアはよく「便利を売る店」と言われる。コ ンビニは、日本人の生活に深く根付いている。近年、「おもてなし」という言葉 と共に注目される日本型小売サービスは、カンボジアで消費活動を一層活発化す る上でも、極めて重要な要素である。 そこで本研究では、日本のコンビニ業態、主要企業の取り組みなどに注目し、日 本型小売サービスとカンボジアにおける小売サービスを比較分析し、カンボジアで 顕在化しつつある新しい生活スタイルに適した小売サービスのあり方を検討する