Sociologia critica e sociologia del lavoro: figlie di una stessa matrice a partire dagli anni ‘70 (Critical Sociology and Sociology of Work: Daughters of the Same Matrix Since the 1970s)

SuntoIl seguente lavoro intende esplorare il legame tra sociologia critica e sociologia del lavoro, due discipline che, pur sviluppatesi lungo traiettorie autonome, condividono una base teorica comune a partire dagli anni ’70. In questo periodo segnato da profondi cambiamenti socio-economici e politici, entrambe hanno posto al centro dell’analisi le disuguaglianze, il potere e la trasformazione del lavoro. Oggi, queste discipline offrono strumenti fondamentali per comprendere le sfide del lavoro in un contesto sempre più globale e frammentato. Di fronte a tali cambiamenti da un lato tornano ad emergere con forza alcuni temi classici come la giustizia sociale, l’inclusione e la richiesta di rappresentanza da parte delle categorie di lavoratori; dall’altra emergono temi inediti che meritano un’attenta considerazione e che sono legati ad esempio ai temi della sostenibilità, della digitalizzazione e delle nuove forme di attivismo.Keywords: sociologia critica; sociologia del lavoro; disuguaglianze sociali, rappresentanza sindacale.AbstractThe following work intends to explore the link between critical sociology and sociology of work, two disciplines that, although developing along autonomous trajectories, have shared a common theoretical basis since the 1970s. In this period marked by profound socio-economic and political changes, both have placed inequalities, power and the transformation of work at the centre of their analysis. Today, these disciplines offer fundamental tools to meet the challenges of work in an increasingly global and fragmented context. Faced with such changes, on the one hand, some classic themes such as social justice, inclusion and the demand for representation by categories of workers are forcefully re-emerging. On the other hand, new themes emerge that deserve careful consideration and that are linked for example to the themes of sustainability, digitalisation and new forms of activism.Keywords: critical sociology; sociology of work; social inequalities; Worker activis

Data Mining Meets Logic: Situation-Based Modal Logic and Metadata Veracity

Logic and theoretical computer science are deeply interconnected, with logic forming a foundational pillar in the emergence of computer science. This connection has grown stronger over time, driven by advancements in symbolic systems within artificial intelligence, formal verification methods, and automated reasoning techniques. However, within the vast landscape of computer science, data science remains an area where the link to logic is relatively underdeveloped. In this paper, I apply algebraic logic to address an urgent challenge for data scientists: metadata veracity. Inspired byWillard Van Orman Quine’s well-known slogan, “No entity without identity”, I propose, “No data without metadata”, underscoring the importance of descriptive metadata in scientific articles. The central idea of my framework is that the geometric zones of a scientific article – with its atomic metadata – , correspond to an algebraic situation space. Consequently, I develop a situation-based semantics grounded on the idea that situations are portions of a possible world, a possible world is a PDF document and that sentences point to situations and describe what is going on in them. Applying mathematical logic tools to data mining enables a rigorous framework for defining metadata veracity, offering a structured approach to assess the accuracy and reliability of extracted information

La Macchina Narrativa della Fiction Italiana: Memoria, Storia e Sapere Implicito ne La meglio gioventù, L’amica geniale, 1992 ed Esterno notte (The Narrative Machine of Italian Fiction: Memory, History, and Tacit Knowledge in “La meglio gioventù”, “L’amica geniale”, “1992” and “Esterno notte”)

SuntoSin dalle sue origini la televisione italiana ha rappresentato un medium fondamentale per la costruzione di narrazioni collettive e di un sapere diffuso, contribuendo alla formazione dell’identità culturale nazionale. Lo studio sottolinea l’importanza fondamentale di un’analisi storica della televisione italiana per comprendere appieno le dinamiche narrative che caratterizzano la fiction contemporanea. Attraverso questa lente storica, si evidenzia come la fiction non sia semplicemente un prodotto di intrattenimento, ma un dispositivo culturale complesso che contribuisce attivamente alla formazione del senso pubblico. La capacità delle fiction analizzate — da La meglio gioventù (Rai 1, 2003) a L’amica geniale (Rai 1, 2018) da 1992 (Sky, 2015) a Esterno notte (Rai 1, 2022) — di tradurre eventi storici, tensioni sociali e trasformazioni culturali in narrazioni coinvolgenti e accessibili dimostra il loro ruolo cruciale nella costruzione di una memoria collettiva condivisa.Parole chiave: fiction italiana; storia della televisione; serialità; narrazioni; memoria; cronaca; AbstractSince its inception, Italian television has functioned as a pivotal medium in the construction of collective narratives and the dissemination of culturally embedded knowledge, actively contributing to the shaping of national identity. This study underscores the critical importance of a historically grounded analysis of Italian television as a means to fully apprehend the narrative mechanisms that characterize contemporary serialized fiction. Viewed through this historical framework, television fiction emerges not merely as a vehicle of entertainment, but as a complex cultural apparatus engaged in the ongoing production of public discourse and shared meaning.The selected case studies — La meglio gioventù (Rai 1, 2003), L’amica geniale (Rai 1, 2018), 1992 (Sky, 2015), and Esterno notte (Rai 1, 2022) — exemplify the capacity of contemporary Italian fiction to narrativize historical events, socio-political tensions, and cultural transformations through accessible yet multilayered storytelling. These productions do not merely reflect Italian history but actively participate in the reconfiguration of its public memory, offering narrative frameworks through which audiences engage with the past and negotiate present identities. As such, fiction becomes a privileged site for the elaboration of a shared symbolic repertoire and the circulation of historically resonant imaginaries.Keywords: Italian fiction; television history; seriality; narratives; memory; current event

Il Concetto di Numero nei Libri di Testo del Regno d’Italia: Indagini su un Particolare “Numero Complesso” (The Concept of Number in the Textbooks of the Kingdom of Italy: Investigations into a Particular “Complex Number”)

Abstract From the arithmetic books of the schools of the Italian peninsula we can see complex numbers, different from imaginary ones. A complex number is a number accompanied by a unit of measurement, with submultiples not in decimal relation. After the introduction of the new system of weights and measures, the teaching of these numbers remains to help in the conversion. The procedures described by mathematicians who deal with complex numbers find their origin in a fraction described by Fibonacci in Liber Abbaci. It conveys a dynamic meaning of fraction on the number line, which has gradually fallen into disuse. This fraction, unlike complex numbers, was simple to interpret thanks to its symbolic formalism, which disappeared after the invention of printing, but was described in words in the books of subsequent centuries. Complex numbers were taught and learned in Italian schools until the ministerial programs of the 1923 Reform remained in force. Attention will be given to the historical context of the didactic uses of mathematical concepts, with the aim of arousing the epistemological reflections that usually derive from the use of history in mathematics education.Keywords: complex number, graduated multiple fractionSuntoDai libri di aritmetica delle scuole della penisola italiana prima dell'Unità possiamo osservare i numeri complessi, diversi da quelli immaginari. Un numero complesso è un numero accompagnato da un'unità di misura, con sottomultipli non in rapporto decimale. Dopo l'introduzione del nuovo sistema di pesi e misure, l'insegnamento di questi numeri rimane per facilitare la conversione. Le procedure descritte dai matematici che si occupano di numeri complessi trovano la loro origine in una frazione descritta da Fibonacci nel Liber Abbaci. Essa trasmette un significato dinamico di frazione sulla retta numerica, che è gradualmente caduto in disuso. Questa frazione, a differenza dei numeri complessi, era semplice da interpretare grazie al suo formalismo simbolico, scomparso dopo l'invenzione della stampa, ma fu descritta a parole nei libri dei secoli successivi. Dopo l'Unità d'Italia, i numeri complessi furono insegnati e appresi nelle scuole italiane fino a quando i programmi ministeriali della Riforma del 1923 rimasero in vigore. Si darà attenzione al contesto storico degli usi didattici dei concetti matematici, con l'obiettivo di suscitare le riflessioni epistemologiche che solitamente derivano dall'uso della storia nella didattica della matematica.Parole chiave: numero complesso, frazione multipla graduata

Exploring the Role of Consciousness in the Origin of the Universe and Life: A Hypothesis of a Sentient Creator

This article aims to highlight how consciousness may be interconnected with topics related to the existence of God, physics, and cosmology. Despite the importance of this relationship, academia has studied consciousness in relation to each of these themes separately, neglecting to consider all four within a unified analysis. The notion of a conscious God is defined as a sentient creative consciousness that may have generated a holographic universe, a universe from nothing, a multiverse, or a cyclic universe as to create life and intelligent beings. The discussion addresses how this conception of God can be confirmed or refuted through various means, such as the presence of potential mathematical codes in the spacetime of the universe, the information contained within the universe and planet Earth, the development of artificial intelligence, and contact with extraterrestrial civilizations. This article demonstrates that science and philosophy can work together to solve the great mysteries of the cosmos that humanity has pondered for centuries

Politiche sociali e Welfare Locale: le politiche di contrasto alla povertà in Abruzzo (Social Policies and Local Welfare: Policies against Poverty in Abruzzo)

SuntoQuesto articolo si prefigge l’obiettivo di definire e inquadrare il processo di formazione, attuazione e valutazione delle politiche sociali e delle politiche pubbliche che contribuiscono alla costruzione del welfare locale. Tale processo di analisi risulta essere fondamentale sia per comprendere il funzionamento del ciclo di programmazione e le dinamiche intrinseche al processo di decision making sia per specificare il ruolo dello Stato e dei vari attori coinvolti nella definizione e risoluzione delle problematiche di forte rilevanza sociale. Dal punto di vista sociologico, il fenomeno della povertà, inteso come un fenomeno sociale complesso e multiparadigmatico, sarà analizzato sia in senso diacronico, attraverso l’analisi dell’evoluzione del concetto di povertà nel corso dei secoli, sia in senso sincronico, concentrandosi sulle diverse sfaccettature che lo caratterizzano ancora oggi e che lo rendono di difficile contrasto. Infine, si procede all’analisi dei dati riguardanti il problema della povertà in Abruzzo e delle proposte avanzate dalle Regione in materia di servizi, interventi e politiche sociali per affrontare tale problematica. AbstractThe paper aims to define and frame the process of formation, implementation and evaluation of social policies and public policies that contribute to the construction of local welfare. This analysis process is fundamental both for understanding the functioning of the planning cycle and the dynamics intrinsic to the decision-making process and for specifying the role of the State and the various actors involved in the definition and resolution of problems of strong social relevance. From a sociological point of view, the phenomenon of poverty, understood as a complex and multi-paradigmatic social phenomenon, will be analyzed both in a diachronic sense, through the analysis of the evolution of the concept of poverty over the centuries, and in a synchronic sense, focusing on the different facets that still characterize it today and that make it difficult to contrast. Finally, the paper will investigate the data regarding the problem of poverty in Abruzzo and the proposals put forward by the Region regarding services, interventions and social policies to address this problem

The construction of quantum mechanics from electromagnetism. Theory and hydrogen atom

We reconstruct Quantum Mechanics in a way that harmonizes with classical mechanics and electromagnetism, free from mysteries or paradoxes such as the collapse of the wave function or Schrödinger’s cat. The construction is inspired by de Broglie’s and Schrödinger’s wave mechanics, while the unifying principle is Hamilton’s principle of least action, which separates natural laws from particular circumstances such as initial conditions and leads to the conservation of energy for isolated systems.In Part I, we construct the Quantum Mechanics of a charged unitary entity and prescribe the form in which the entity interacts with other charged entities and matter in general. In Part II, we address the quantum mechanics of the hydrogen atom, testing the correctness and accuracy of the general description. The relation between the electron and proton in the atom is described systematically in a construction that is free from analogies or ad-hoc derivations, superseding conventional Quantum Mechanics (whose equations linked to measurements can be recovered).We briefly discuss why the concept of isolation built into Schrödinger’s time evolution is not acceptable and how it immediately results in the well-known measurement paradoxes of quantum mechanics. We also discuss the epistemic grounds of the development and provide a criticism of instrumentalism, the leading philosophical perspective behind conventional Quantum Mechanics

Social sciences on stage: a theatrical scientific dissemination project

One of the biggest challenges of contemporary science is to develop innovative approach to excite society about science and scientific topics. One of the attempts to find new ways to communicate with the public has been to use artistic language to explore scientific topics. Specifically, theatre, allows to explore emotions and raise awareness of ethical and social issues. This type of art can have the power to excite people about certain topics, including scientific ones. Based on these premises, a project, titled Social sciences on stage is presented that create a creative link between social science and theater. The aim is to encourage the participation of scientists in the creation and expression of theater and to reflect on the social context of science. It will generate a reflection on the social context of science

Donne e scienza nel mondo antico (Women and science in the ancient world)

L’articolo ricostruisce le biografie delle prime donne di cui si hanno notizie nella storia della matematica, filosofia e scienza. Sono descritte le vite e, per quel che permettono le fonti a noi giunte, le opere delle donne pitagoriche (in questo intervento si fa riferimento alle donne vissute dal VI al IV secolo a.C., nelle prime comunità pitagoriche della Magna Grecia), di Maria l’Ebrea alchimista alessandrina, per alcuni storici vissuta tra il I e il III secolo, per altri prima di Cristo, di Ipazia di Alessandria vissuta tra i IV e V secolo, uccisa tragicamente e, martire eroica, divenuta simbolo della libertà di pensiero femminile

Matematica e Retorica a Roma: una lezione di geometria piana nell’Institutio oratoria di Quintiliano (Mathematics and Rhetoric in Rome: A Lesson in Plane Geometry in Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria)

SuntoPrendendo in esame quanto il celebre maestro di retorica Marco Fabio Quintiliano (35 d.C. ca - 100 d.C. ca) scrive in età flavia nella sua Institutio oratoria a proposito dell’importanza dello studio della Matematica nella formazione di base del futuro perfetto oratore romano, si intende approfondire in particolare una porzione del lungo passo presente nel I libro (I 10, 34-49), nello specifico i §§ 39-45. In essi l’autore latino, partendo dall’affermazione che la geometria, non meno dell’aritmetica, con il suo procedimento razionale smaschera ciò che, pur apparendo verisimile, in realtà è falso, inserisce in funzione esemplificativa una vera e propria lezione di geometria piana sul problema dell’isoperimetria. Lo scopo dell’autore è di fornire una prova dell’utilità della geometria per educare a un uso corretto dell’ars dicendi.Keywords: Quintiliano; retorica; isoperimetria.  AbstractExamining what the famous rhetoric teacher Marcus Fabius Quintilian (ca. 35 CE – ca. 100 CE) writes during the Flavian period in his Institutio Oratoria about the importance of studying mathematics as part of the foundational education for the future perfect Roman orator, this paper focuses on a specific section of the long passage found in Book I (I 10, 34-49), particularly §§ 39-45. In this section, the Latin author, starting from the assertion that geometry, no less than arithmetic, with its rational method, reveals what may appear plausible but is actually false, includes a true lesson in plane geometry on the problem of isoperimetry. The author's goal is to demonstrate the utility of geometry in educating one to make proper use of the ars dicendi (art of speaking).Keywords:  Quintilian; rhetoric; isoperimetry