Interaction Of Cellulose Model (D-Cellobiose) With Some Selected Sodium Salts

This work focused on employing sodium salts to modify cellulose, a crucial biopolymer found in plant cell walls, to improve its characteristics. Three methods were used to study cellulose-salt interaction. Task 1 employed Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to examine infrared absorption frequencies and discovered that the highest peak shift was caused by sodium borate (Na3BO3). In Task 2, thermal stability was evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that while sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) decreased stability and combustion temperature, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) increased both. Task 3 investigated interactions between cellobiose and sodium salts using density functional theory and computational techniques, with a particular emphasis on bond lengths ≤ 3.5 Å. Sodium borate (Na3BO3) had strong binding at 1.780 Å, whereas sodium azide (NaN3) had the maximum binding activity with a bond length of 1.882 Å. According to estimations of reaction energy, sodium borate, and β-cellobiose had the maximum energy at 30.88 Kcal/mol, while sodium nitrite and α-cellobiose had the lowest energy at -97 Kcal/mol. This study shows the influence of sodium salt on cellulose. Keywords: cellulose, biopolymer, Cellobiose, sodium salts, bond lengt

(R2070) Poisson-Exponentiated Weibull Distribution: Properties, Applications and Extension

In this article, we introduce a new member of the Poisson-X family namely, the Poisson-exponentiated Weibull distribution. The statistical as well as the distributional properties of the new distribution are studied, and the performance of the maximum likelihood method of estimation is verified by a simulation study. The flexibility of the distribution is illustrated by a real data set. We develop and study a reliability test plan for the acceptance or rejection of a lot of products submitted for inspection when their lifetimes follow the new distribution. A real data example is also given to illustrate the feasibility of the sampling plan developed. Later, we introduce a bivariate analogue of the Poisson-exponentiated Weibull distribution called the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern bivariate Poisson-exponentiated Weibull distribution and consider the concomitants of order statistics that arise from this bivariate distribution. The distribution theory of the concomitants of order statistics is also developed

Sexism, Religion, And Politics: An Examination Of Rape Myth Acceptance

The literature is inconclusive about the relationship between religion, politics, sexism, rape myth acceptance, and the behavioral implications of the latter. Therefore, the goal of this study was to develop an understanding of the relationship between religion, political affiliation, sexism, and rape myth acceptance. The study utilized primary data collection through surveys of youth using MTurk. The survey involved the administration of the Faith Activities Scale, Moral Foundations Scale, Religious Fundamentalism Scale, Modern Sexism Scale, Ambivalent Sexism Scale, Gender Stereotypes Scale, and the Gender Inclusive Rape Myth Acceptance Scale. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling to indicate which political affiliations and major US religious adherence predicted various gender stereotypes or sexist beliefs which were also predictive of rape myth acceptance. It was expected that those youth who described being more religious and conservative politically would evidence more sexism and in turn, rape myth acceptance. Although previous research indicated that those who identified as Republican often held stronger rape myth acceptance compared to Democrats (Conroy, 2019; NRP, 2019), the current study did not support these results. Possibly, the results of this study may be attributed to its narrow demographic, or that more young adults are becoming less affiliated with their parents’ religion and political beliefs systems and are thinking differently from them on these issues. Nevertheless, the findings offer implications for correcting gender miseducation amongst youth toward holding perpetrators accountable, encouraging victims to pursue justice, and reducing instances of sexual victimization in religious organizations. Keywords: juvenile, sexual assault, religious affiliation, political affiliatio

Construction of Normal Polynomials using Composition of Polynomials over Finite Fields of Odd Characteristic

A monic irreducible polynomial is known as a normal polynomial if its roots are linearly independent over Galois field. Normal polynomials over finite fields and their significance have been studied quite well. Normal polynomials have applications in different fields such as computer science, number theory, finite geometry, cryptography and coding theory. Several authors have given different algorithms for the construction of normal polynomials. In the present paper, we discuss the construction of the normal polynomials over finite fields of prime characteristic by using the method of composition of polynomials

Green Synthesis Of Silver And Titanium Nanoparticles Using Erythrina Variegata Root Bark Extract And Evaluation Of Their Antioxidant And Cytotoxicity Effectiveness

Erythrina variegata belongs to the Erythrina genus, which consists of approximately 110 species of trees and shrubs. In its native regions, different parts of the plant have been used for its effectiveness in treating asthma, epilepsy, bacterial infections, and wounds. Characterization studies have been done for this plant, and researchers have identified several alkaloids, flavonoids, and other active phytoconstituents that help treat different ailments. Prior research has focused on the phytochemical profile of E. variegata’s leaves, flowers, and stem bark. This work aimed to address gaps in the characterization of E. variegata’s root bark while exploring the effectiveness of titanium and silver nanoparticles in cytotoxicity, antioxidant, electrochemical studies, and bioactive property enhancement. Overall research questions included whether the phytochemical profile of this medicinal plant could be expanded and whether this plant possessed antioxidant and cytotoxic capabilities to be used in human and environmental health applications. The methodology included preparing E. variegata root bark extract, examining bioactive compounds in the pure extract alone via GC-MS, and using the extract to synthesize silver and titanium nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and dynamic light scattering experiments. The mass spectrometry results confirm the presence of bioactive compounds known to belong to the Erythrina genus and some compounds unique to the root bark. Characterization studies confirmed the formation of titanium and silver nanoparticles using the plant’s extract. While examining the radical scavenging and cytotoxicity effectiveness of the plant nanoparticles, it was discovered that silver and titanium nanoparticles synthesized using the root bark extract could maintain and enhance specific bioactive properties of the plant. The research presented in this work sought to enhance current knowledge on chemical components regarding E. variegata and examine changes in phytochemical properties when used to synthesize silver and titanium nanoparticles. Through characterization experiments and the conduction of foundational application studies, this study was designed to contribute to the progress of incorporating natural products to enhance human and environmental health while promoting the use of green chemistry techniques. Index Terms- Erythrina variegata, dynamic light scattering (DLS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), green nanoparticle synthesis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultra-violet visible spectroscopy (UV)