The Effect of [Glu][H2PO4] via Foliar Spraying on Cadmium and Arsenic Absorption and Translocation in Rice Plants

International audienceRice is the main source of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in Chinese diet. The formulation of targeted agronomic interventions for mitigating Cd and As bioaccumulation in rice grains constitutes a critical pathway toward ensuring food safety and public health security. Foliar spraying technology with ionic liquids, effectively reduces Cd/As content in rice. In this study, an ionic liquid of amino acids ([Glu][H2PO4]) as a foliar conditioner was applied to two varieties of rice (X24 and Z35) to explore the mechanism of reducing the accumulation of Cd/As in rice. The results showed that [Glu][H2PO4] reduced Cd/As levels by up to 58.57% and 44.09%, respectively. [Glu][H2PO4] reduced the transfer factor from the root system to flag leaves, nodes, and other organs, thus reducing the Cd/As content in them. [Glu][H2PO4] promoted amino acid synthesis in seeds, increased Ca 2+ level, increased OsGLR3.1-3.5 expression, and decreased OsLsi1-3 expression in flag leaves, thereby Cd/As was inhibited from being absorbed and transported by rice. The results demonstrated that the foliar application of [Glu][H2PO4] significantly mitigated the accumulation of Cd/As in rice. This study introduces a novel and effective strategy for reducing Cd/As accumulation in rice, hoping to enhance the safety and quality of rice crops

Quels agriculteurs pour quelles agricultures demain ?

National audienceComment assurer notre souveraineté alimentaire dans un contexte de changement climatique et favoriser une alimentation durable qui contribue à la santé des populations ? Alors que l’agriculture est une clé essentielle pour répondre à ces problématiques, pas moins de 166 000 agriculteurs et agricultrices partiront à la retraite d’ici 2030. Quels sont les leviers pour assurer le renouvellement des générations en agriculture ? Comment appréhender ce défi, au cœur des priorités d’INRAE

Signal shape studies and rate dependence of HFO-based gas mixtures in RPC detectors

International audienceThe RPCs employed at the LHC experiments are currently operated in avalanche mode, with a mixture containing a large fraction of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ ($\approx$90% or more) with the addition of i-C$_{4}$H$_{10}$ and SF$_{6}$ in different concentrations. However, C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ and SF$_{6}$ are fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) with Global Warming Potential (GWP) of $\approx$1400 and $\approx$22800, respectively. EU regulations imposed a progressive phase-down of C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ production and consumption, aiming at strongly reducing its emission. This is already resulting in an increase of its price and reduction in availability. The most desirable long-term solution to this problem is to find an alternative, F-gases-free gas mixture, able to maintain similar detector performance. To address this challenge, the RPC ECOGasas@GIF++ collaboration (including RPC experts of ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, SHiP/LHCb, and the CERN EP-DT group) was created in 2019. The collaboration is currently studying a gas from the olefine family, the C$_{3}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$ (or simply HFO, with GWP $\approx$6), to be used, in combination with CO$_{2}$, as a substitute for C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$. This contribution will focus on the signal shape studies that have been carried out by the collaboration during dedicated beam test periods. The methodology used in the data analysis will be presented, together with the results obtained with several HFO-based gas mixtures, and with the currently employed one. Furthermore, results on the counting-rate dependence of the RPC performance, obtained by combining the muon beam with the GIF++ $^{137}$Cs source with different attenuation factors, will also be presented

Les mésalignements du taux de change réel : théories, mesures et implications pour les pays en développement

Cette note a pour objectif de présenter un aperçu de la littérature économique actuelle sur les questions liées aux mésalignements du taux de change réel, en mettant l’accent sur les pays en développement et émergents

Measurement of ϕ(1020)\phi(1020) meson production in fixed-target p\textit{p}Ne collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 68.5 GeV

International audienceThe first measurement of $\phi(1020)$ meson production in fixed-target $p$Ne collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=68.5$ GeV is presented. The $\phi(1020)$ mesons are reconstructed in their $K^{+}K^{-}$ decay in a data sample consisting of proton collisions on neon nuclei at rest, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $21.7 \pm 1.4$ nb$^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb detector at CERN. The $\phi(1020)$ production cross-section in the centre-of-mass rapidity range of $-1.8<y^*<0$ and transverse momentum range of $800<p_{T}<6500$ MeV/c is found to be $\sigma=182.7\pm2.7~\text{(stat.)}\pm14.1~\text{(syst)}~\mu$b/nucleon. A double-differential measurement of the cross-section is also provided in four regions of rapidity and six regions of transverse momentum of the $\phi(1020)$ meson and compared with the predictions from Pythia and EPOS4, which are found to underestimate the experimental values

"Le droit à géométrie variable du tribunal judiciaire de Paris"

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Das Schicksal und „der Eros in des Seins Ablauf“. Platon und Hölderlin in Hermann Brochs Der Tod des Vergil

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Prix de Thèse 2023 du Centre Michel de L'Hospital - Grand Prix jeunes chercheurs 2024 de la Ville de Clermont-FerrandInternational audienc

Clustering and Interpretation of time-series trajectories of chronic pain using evidential c-means

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Local conditions have greater influence than provenance on sugar maple ( Acer saccharum Marsh.) frost hardiness at its northern range limit

International audienceIn temperate and boreal ecosystems, trees undergo dormancy to avoid cold temperatures during the unfavorable season. This phase includes changes in frost hardiness, which is minimal during the growing season and reaches its maximum in winter. Quantifying frost hardiness is important to assess the frost risk and shifts of species distribution under a changing climate. We investigate the effect of local conditions and intra-specific variation on frost hardiness in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). Seedlings belonging to seven provenances from the northern area of the species’ range were planted at two sites in Quebec, Canada. LT50, i.e. the lethal temperature for 50% of the cells, was measured monthly with the relative electrolyte leakage method on branches and buds from September 2021 to July 2022. LT50 varied between −4 °C in summer (July) and −68 °C in winter (February). Autumnal acclimation rates (September to early December) and mid-winter frost hardiness (December to early March) were similar in both sites. Samples in the southern site deacclimated faster than in the northern site between March and July because of a warmer and earlier spring. No difference in frost hardiness was detected between provenances. Our results suggest that the frost hardiness trait is similar within the northern part of the sugar maple distribution, with local weather conditions having a greater influence than provenance. We demonstrate that LT50 in sugar maple can exceed −55 °C, far below the minimum temperatures occurring in winter at the northern limit of the species. In order to minimize the risk of damage from extreme frost events exceeding tree frost hardiness, a careful evaluation of site characteristics is more important than provenance selection. Other factors should also be considered within the context of changing climate, in particular, the phenology of maple and avoidance of late frost in spring