Experience of the Endoscopists Matters in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Billroth II Gastrectomy Patients

Conclusions: FRCP in patients who had undergone Billroth II gastrectomy was time consuming for the inexperienced endoscopist who should beware of the unique adverse events related to ERCP in patients with altered anatomy

Role of graphene additive on wear and electrochemical corrosion behaviour of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings on Mg-MWCNT nanocomposite

In this study, wear and electrochemical corrosion behaviour of as-cast magnesium (Mg)/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coated Mg/MWCNT samples were evaluated by dry sliding wear tests and potentiodynamic corrosion tests, respectively. In this respect, Mg/MWCNT composite was manufactured by stir casting route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that the presence of Mg, MgO and Mg2SiO4 phases for coated samples. The corrosion rate of the coated samples is about 1.6 times lower than that of un-coated Mg-MWCNT composite. From the wear tests, it is concluded that PEO coating leads to significant improvement in wear resistance in comparison with un-coated Mg/MWCNT composite. It is observed that wear mechanisms are abrasion and oxidation

Antibiotic usage in hospitalized patients: a one-day point prevalence study

PMID = 3239315

Effects of dexmedetomidine on new oxidative stress markers on renal ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rats: thiol/disulphide homeostasis and the ischaemia-modified albumin

PMID = 3240105

К пониманию взаимосвязи «идентичность-безопасность»: социальная идентичность, социальная психология и дилемма межобщественной безопасности;Understanding Identity-Security Nexus: Social Identity, Social Psychology and The Inter-Societal Security Dilemma

Soğuk Savaş ve 11 Eylül sonrası dönem, dünya siyasetinde ve Uluslararası İlişkiler disiplininde yeni tartışmaların ve yeni yaklaşımların yolunu açtığı gibi, Güvenlik Çalışmaları alanında da yeni arayışların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışma, Kopenhag Okulu’nun güvenlik anlayışını genişleten ve derinleştiren yaklaşımı altında; uluslararası ilişkilerin en köklü kavramlarından olan güvenlik ikilemini, kimlik güvenliği perspektifiden ele almakta ve “toplumsal/toplumlar arası güvenlik ikilemi” kuramı ışığında yeniden değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmanın iki iddiası vardır. Birincisi, toplumlar arası çatışmayı anlamak bir bakıma kimlik dinamiklerini anlamak olduğundan, sosyal psikoloji disiplini alanına girilmesi kaçınılmazdır. Bu yüzden çalışma disiplinler arası bir yaklaşımla toplumsal güvenlik ikilemini çözümlemekte ve kimlik güvensizliğinin nasıl ortaya çıktığını bütüncül bir yaklaşımla irdelemektedir. İkincisi, bu çalışmaya göre Paul Roe tarafından geliştirilmiş olan toplumsal güvenlik ikileminin ortaya çıkma aşamalarında bir boşluk/geçişsizlik vardır. Mevcut çalışma, bu boşluğu sosyal psikoloji disiplininden bir kavram -cepheleşme- ile doldurmayı önermektedir.Мировая политика после «холодной войны» и после 11 сентября открыла_x000D_ многообещающие новые направления исследований, дискуссий и подходов._x000D_ Эта статья посвящена одному конкретному направлению; а именно,_x000D_ концепции социальной безопасности Копенгагенской школы и переоценке_x000D_ одной из самых старых концепций в исследованиях безопасности: дилемма_x000D_ безопасности в контексте взаимосвязи идентичности и безопасности._x000D_ В статье есть две установки. Во-первых, изучение социальных_x000D_ конфликтов требует изучения динамики групповой идентичности и_x000D_ посещения дисциплины социальной психологии. Используя такой_x000D_ междисциплинарный подход, статья предлагает лучшее понимание_x000D_ динамики социальной нестабильности и незащищенности личности._x000D_ В этом контексте он критически связан с теорией Пола Роу о дилемме_x000D_ межобщественной безопасности. Во-вторых, в статье утверждается,_x000D_ что подход дилеммы межобщественной безопасности имеет пробел в_x000D_ его четырехсторонней аналитической структуре. Чтобы восполнить_x000D_ этот пробел, в настоящем исследовании используется промежуточная_x000D_ переменная, новая концепция, основанная на социальной психологии,_x000D_ а именно «конфронтация», чтобы лучше объяснить, почему общества_x000D_ конфликтуют.;Th post-Cold War and post-9/11 world politics opened promising new_x000D_ avenues of research, debates and approaches down which to travel. Ths_x000D_ article revisits one particular avenue; the Copenhagen School’s concept_x000D_ of societal security and re-evaluates one of the oldest concepts in security_x000D_ studies: the security dilemma in the context of identity-security nexus._x000D_ Th article has two claims. First, exploring social conflcts necessitates_x000D_ studying the dynamics of group identity and visiting the discipline_x000D_ of social psychology. By using such an interdisciplinary approach the_x000D_ article offrs a better understanding of the dynamics of societal insecurity_x000D_ and insecure identities. In this context, it critically engages with Paul_x000D_ Roe’s theory of the inter-societal security dilemma. Secondly, the article_x000D_ argues that the inter-societal security dilemma approach has a gap in its_x000D_ fourfold analytical framework. To fil the gap, the present study employs_x000D_ an intervening variable, a new concept gleaned from social psychology,_x000D_ namely ‘confrontation’ to better explain why societies fiht.Мировая политика после «холодной войны» и после 11 сентября открыла многообещающие новые направления исследований, дискуссий и подходов. Эта статья посвящена одному конкретному направлению; а именно, концепции социальной безопасности Копенгагенской школы и переоценке одной из самых старых концепций в исследованиях безопасности: дилемма безопасности в контексте взаимосвязи идентичности и безопасности. В статье есть две установки. Во-первых, изучение социальных конфликтов требует изучения динамики групповой идентичности и посещения дисциплины социальной психологии. Используя такой междисциплинарный подход, статья предлагает лучшее понимание динамики социальной нестабильности и незащищенности личности. В этом контексте он критически связан с теорией Пола Роу о дилемме межобщественной безопасности. Во-вторых, в статье утверждается, что подход дилеммы межобщественной безопасности имеет пробел в его четырехсторонней аналитической структуре. Чтобы восполнить этот пробел, в настоящем исследовании используется промежуточная переменная, новая концепция, основанная на социальной психологии, а именно «конфронтация», чтобы лучше объяснить, почему общества конфликтуют.;Th post-Cold War and post-9/11 world politics opened promising new avenues of research, debates and approaches down which to travel. Ths article revisits one particular avenue; the Copenhagen School’s concept of societal security and re-evaluates one of the oldest concepts in security studies: the security dilemma in the context of identity-security nexus. Th article has two claims. First, exploring social conflcts necessitates studying the dynamics of group identity and visiting the discipline of social psychology. By using such an interdisciplinary approach the article offrs a better understanding of the dynamics of societal insecurity and insecure identities. In this context, it critically engages with Paul Roe’s theory of the inter-societal security dilemma. Secondly, the article argues that the inter-societal security dilemma approach has a gap in its fourfold analytical framework. To fil the gap, the present study employs an intervening variable, a new concept gleaned from social psychology, namely ‘confrontation’ to better explain why societies fiht

Mitigation of soil loss from turfgrass cultivation by utilizing poultry abattoir sludge compost and biochar on low-organic matter soil

Commercial turfgrass cultivation is one of the main ornamental industries world-wide; however, successive turfgrass sod cutting from the same site removes surface soil, leading to a decline in soil organic matter, impairment of soil fertility and degradation of environment. The present study was aimed to investigate the applicability of poultry abattoir sludge compost (PASC) and biochar (BC) on the establishment of turfgrass by evaluating plant growth performance and mitigation of soil loss by organic waste amendments. The experimental study was designed on the soil which had originally low-organic matter content and previously used as a turfgrass sod harvested site in a sandy loam soil. Incorporation of PASC to soil improved the physicochemical properties in terms of bulk density (BD), water holding capacity (WHC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), pH, total nitrogen, total organic carbon (TOC), and organic matter (OM) by 37 (+/- 2)%, 45 (+/- 3)%, 55 (+/- 3)%, 21 (+/- 2)%, 48 (+/- 2)%, 90 (+/- 10)%, and 96 (+/- 4)%, respectively. PASC-amended treatments enhanced the turfgrass growth rate more than the BC due to its increased nutrient availability. Incorporation of 100 Mg ha(-1) (mega gram per hectare) PASC in surface soil with or without BC decreased the mineral soil removal rate by half of the respective soil (control) treatments. The results of the present study confirmed the utilization of PASC and BC as promising agro-industrial-based fertilizers in turfgrass sod production for sustainable soil and nutrient management

2H-MoS(2)as an Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interface in All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are considered the next-generation energy storage systems. However, certain problems arise from the degradation of anode-electrolyte interface hindering their use especially when lithium is used as an anode. Herein, lithium metal anode surface is modified by an artificial 2H-MoS(2)layer to prevent the contact between highly reactive lithium and solid electrolyte without sacrificing the lithium ion transport. The stabilization of the electrode/electrolyte interface is attributed to the electrochemical stability of the 2H-MoS(2)layer. Besides, high ionic conductivity and selective sieving nature of layered MoS(2)neither prevents the electrochemical reactions nor increases the total impedance of the cell. Electrochemical stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface is shown by long-term chronoamperometry and chronovoltammetry tests. By stabilizing electrode/electrolyte interface, initial and final discharge capacities of 675.8 and 584.1 mAh g(-1), respectively, is obtained at 0.4 mA cm(-2)current density in MoS2@Li/Li7P3S11/S. After 200 cycles, discharge capacity fade is obtained as 13.58% and 27.3% for the cells assembled with MoS2@Li and bare Li anodes, respectively

Successful cases of high-thoracic erector spinae plane block for opioid-sparing peri-operative analgesia at neck after thyroidectomy and bilateral neck dissection

PMID = 3231594

COVID-19 Hastalarında Myalji Sıklığı ve Kreatin Kinaz Düzeyleri ile İlişkisi

Aim: Many studies have showed that myalgia is a common onset symptom in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to determine the frequency of muscle pain in patients followed with COVID-19 diagnosis, and to investigate the relationship between muscle pain and creatine kinase (CK), pH, lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Material and Methods: One hundred ten patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in our hospital were included retrospectively in this study. Presence of myalgia at the time of admission and on the 14th day of control were investigated. The first admission laboratory findings, 3rd day CK values and 14th day control CK values of all patients were recorded retrospectively from their files. Results: The study included 110 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Fifty patients (45.5%) had muscle pain at the time of admission, and it was one of the most common musculoskeletal complaints. High CK results were obtained in 48 (43.6%) of the 110 patients at the time of admission. Thirty-two (66.7%) of 48 patients with high CK had muscle pain (p<0.001). In the patients with muscle pain, the CK levels observed on 1 st, 3rd, and 14th day of the disease were found to be significantly higher than in those without muscle pain (p<0.001, p=0.003, p=0.029). No significant relationship was found between complaints of muscle pain and lactate, pH, and LDH values. Conclusion: Since some patients may only present with musculoskeletal symptoms such as myalgia, it is important that clinicians consider COVID-19 in patients presenting with myalgia and high CK levels.Amaç: Birçok çalışma miyaljinin koronavirüs hastalığı 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)’da sık görülen bir başlangıç semptomu olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanısıyla takip edilen hastalarda kas ağrısı sıklığının belirlenmesi ve kas ağrısı ile kreatin kinaz (creatine kinase, CK), pH, laktat ve laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH) düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya hastanemizde COVID-19 tanısı almış olan 110 hasta geriye dönük olarak dahil edildi. Başvuru sırasında ve 14. gün kontrolde miyalji yakınması olup olmadığı incelendi. Tüm hastaların ilk başvurudaki laboratuvar bulguları, 3. gün CK değerleri ve 14. gün kontrolündeki CK değerleri dosyalarından geriye dönük olarak kaydedildi. Bulgular: COVID-19 tanısı almış 110 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Elli hastada (%45,5) başvuru anında kas ağrısı vardı ve en sık görülen kas iskelet sistemi şikâyetlerinden biriydi. Yüz on hastanın 48'inde (%43,6) başvuru anında CK yüksekliği saptandı. CK yüksekliği saptanan 48 hastanın 32'sinde (%66,7) kas ağrısı vardı (p<0,001). Kas ağrısı olan hastalarda 1., 3. ve 14. günde bakılan CK düzeyleri kas ağrısı şikayeti olmayanlara göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0,001; p=0,003; p=0,029). Kas ağrısı yakınması ile laktat, pH ve LDH değerleri arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmadı. Sonuç: Başvuru sırasında yalnızca miyalji gibi kas iskelet sistem semptomları bulunan hastalar olabileceğinden, miyalji ile başvuran ve CK yüksekliği saptanan hastalarda COVID-19’un akılda tutulması önem arz etmektedir

Can Ionized Calcium Level Calculated by Zeisler Method Can be an Alternative to Direct Ionized Calcium Measurement?

Amaç: Zeisler Metodu ile hesaplanan iyonize kalsiyum düzeylerinin kan gazı cihazı ile ölçülen iyonize kalsiyum değerleri ile karşılaştırılarak birbirinin alternatifi olup olamayacağını araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda geçmiş 1 yıllık sürede (Nisan 2018 - Nisan 2019 arası) 388 adet aynı hastanın eş zamanlı olarak ölçülen serum total kalsiyum ve venöz kan gazı iyonize kalsiyum değerleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kan gazı iyonize kalsiyum (KGiCa) ortalaması 1,164±0,20 mmol/L olarak bulunurken, Zeisler Metodu ile serum total kalsiyumundan hesaplanan iyonize kalsiyum düzeyi (ZMiCa) 0,99±0.16 mmol/L idi. Her iki yöntemle bulunan değerler arası fark (KGiCa – ZMiCa) ortalaması ise 0,17±0,22 mmol/L idi. Kan gazı iyonize kalsiyum düzeyleri için %Bias=8,91, Total%CV=7,60, ve %TAH=21,44 olarak saptandı. Sonuç: İyonize kalsiyum için direkt ölçüm yönteminin kullanılmasının daha uygun olacağını düşünüyoruz. Ancak Zeisler Metodu ile iyonize kalsiyum hesaplanması durumunda, bu çalışmada bulduğumuz iki yöntem arasındaki ortalama farkın, regresyon denkleminin ve iyonize kalsiyum için hesaplanan total izin verilebilir hata aralıklarının dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmesinin uygun olacağı kanaatindeyiz.Objective: To investigate whether the ionized calcium levels calculated by Zeisler Method can be an alternative to each other by comparing the ionized calcium values measured with blood gas device. Materials and Methods: In this study, serum total calcium and venous blood gas ionized calcium values of 388 same patients were evaluated retrospectively in the past 1 year (April 2018 - April 2019). Results: The mean blood gas ionized calcium (KGiCa) was found to be 1.164 ± 0.20 mmol /L, while the ionized calcium level (ZMiCa) calculated from the serum total calcium by Zeisler Method was 0.99 ± 0.16 mmol /L. The difference between the two methods (KGiCa - ZMiCa) was 0.17 ± 0.22 mmol /L. Blood gas ionized calcium levels were% Bias = 8.91%, Total CV% 7.60, and% TAH = 21.44%. Conclusion: We think that it is more appropriate to use direct measurement method for ionized calcium. However, if ionized calcium is calculated by Zeisler Method, we think that it is appropriate to evaluate the mean difference between the two methods we found in this study by considering the regression equation and the total permissible error intervals calculated for ionized calcium