Mitotyping of random bred cats and pure breed cats (Turkish Angora and Turkish Van) using non-repetitive mitochondrial DNA control region

The Fertile Crescent appears to be the most plausible region where the domestication of cats commenced through a mutually beneficial relationship between wild cats and early agrarian societies. These domesticated cats then journeyed across the globe mirroring the paths of human migration. An examination of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region-based mitotyping suggested that a significant majority, exceeding 80%, of globally sampled random-bred and pure-bred cats could be categorized into 12 predominant mitotypes. However, the extent of mitotype diversity within random-bred cats from regions proximate to the Fertile Crescent remains inadequately explored. In light of this we aimed to investigate the mitotype diversity in random bred cats sampled from various regions across Turkey. Additionally, we sought to establish a comparison with the mitotype profiles of locally recognized pure breeds, namely the Turkish Angora and Turkish Van. To unravel their evolutionary narratives, we engaged in comprehensive population genetics analyses at both the individual and mitotype-based levels. Our study encompassed a sample size of 240 specimens, forming the basis for both mitotyping and population genetics scrutiny. Our analysis yielded the identification of nine ‘universal’ mitotypes (A—J), alongside an ‘outlier’ mitotype group I. Notably mitotypes A and D emerged as particularly prevalent in contrast to the lesser occurrence mitotypes C, G, and H. With the realm of random bred cats the structure of haplotypes exhibited remarkable diversity presenting distinctions from Turkish Angora and Van breeds. Nucleotide diversity was higher compared to previous reports from Turkey and was one of the highest among reported world cat population estimates. Intriguingly, our investigations did not unveil any pronounced instances of strong selection, population expansions or contractions within any specific population or mitotype. To conclude, our study represents a pioneering effort in uncovering the mitotype profiles and haplotype structures inherent to both random-bred and pure breed cats in Turkey. This endeavor not only broadens our understanding of the feline genetic landscape within the region but also lays the foundation for future inquiries into the evolutionary trajectories and genetic legacies of these feline populations. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.This study was partially supported by a project given by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) (Project number: 218Z105) and another project given by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) (Project number: 114O768). The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK: 114O768, 218Z10

Rarer Components of a Rare Disease: Accessory Hemidiaphragm and Horseshoe Lung with Scimitar Syndrome: Two Case Reports

Introduction: Scimitar syndrome is a rare developmental anomaly with an incidence of 2/100.000 births. Major components of this disease are partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, pulmonary hypoplasia, systemic arterialization of the right basal lung, and dextroposition of the heart. Horseshoe lung and accessory hemidiaphragm are two rarer components of this disease. Case Presentation: In this paper, horseshoe lung and accessory diaphragm associated with Scimitar syndrome have been reported in two cases. Conclusion: In conclusion, being aware of rare manifestations of rare diseases is important to fully describe the pathologic spectrum of the disease. This will assist in better management and decision-making process. © 2024 The Author(s)

Breakthrough curve analysis of phosphorylated hazelnut shell waste in column operation for continuous harvesting of lithium from water

In batch-scale operations, biosorption employing phosphorylated hazelnut shell waste (FHS) revealed excellent lithium removal and recovery efficiency. Scaling up and implementing packed bed column systems necessitates further design and performance optimization. Lithium biosorption via FHS was investigated utilizing a continuous-flow packed-bed column operated under various flow rates and bed heights to remove Li to ultra-low levels and recover it. The Li biosorption capacity of the FHS column was unaffected by the bed height, however, when the flow rate was increased, the capacity of the FHS column decreased. The breakthrough time, exhaustion time, and uptake capacity of the column bed increased with increasing column bed height, whereas they decreased with increasing influent flow rate. At flow rates of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mL/min, bed volumes (BVs, mL solution/mL biosorbent) at the breakthrough point were found to be 477, 369, and 347, respectively, with the required BVs for total saturation point of 941, 911, and 829, while the total capacity was calculated as 22.29, 20.07, and 17.69 mg Li/g sorbent. In the 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 cm height columns filled with FHS, the breakthrough times were 282, 366, and 433 min, respectively, whereas the periods required for saturation were 781, 897, and 1033 min. The three conventional breakthrough models of the Thomas, Yoon-Nelson, and Modified Dose-Response (MDR) were used to properly estimate the whole breakthrough behavior of the FHS column and the characteristic model parameters. Li's extremely favorable separation utilizing FHS was evidenced by the steep S-shape of the breakthrough curves for both parameters flow rate and bed height. The reusability of FHS was demonstrated by operating the packed bed column in multi-cycle mode, with no appreciable loss in column performance. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK: 219M21

Graphene quantum dots-polyfluorene hybrid nanobiosensor for mitomycin C-DNA interaction sensing

A novel graphene quantum dots (GQD) / polyfluorene (PF) nanocomposite was deposited on the disposable pencil tip graphite electrode (PGE) and proven to be an efficient nanosensor for analysis of the electrochemical interaction between the antitumor compound mitomycin C (MC) with double stranded DNA (ds-DNA). This modified electrode (GQD@PF-PGE) was prepared in four steps: hydrothermal, chemical oxidation, ultrasonication and electro-oxidation processes. GQD, PF, GQD@PF and GQD@PF-PGE have been characterized by different analytical techniques such as SEM, TEM, XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, EIS. Compared to bare PGE, GQD@PF modified PGE performed approximately 56 times more sensitive analysis when evaluating the guanine oxidation signals measured by DPV. CV and EIS measurements also showed that GQD@PF-PGE possesses a fast electron transfer as compared to bare electrode and exhibit a remarkable electrocatalytic activity towards both guanine and MC electrooxidation. Comprehensive optimization studies have also been carried out for the developed new nanobiosensor. © 2023The authors thank Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University Scientific Research Commission ( FHD-2021-3698 ) for the financial support. Authors thank Dr. Alper Fitoz and Prof. Zehra Yazan for impedance measurements, and Onko Kocsel Pharmaceuticals for supplying MC.FHD-2021-369

Novel antibacterial nanoscale glass surfaces coated with vanadium pentoxide/phosphorus pentoxide (V2O5-P2O5) thin film by the thermionic vacuum arc plasma

In the present study, vanadium pentoxide/phosphorus pentoxide (VP, 50%V2O5 + 50% P2O5) glasses is synthesized by traditional melt-quenching method, and Thermionic Vacuum Arc (TVA) is used to deposit the VP-bulk glass on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and glass substrates. Morphological, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis showed VP thin films are homogeneous, uniform and nanosized structures on both substrates, and it has a glass structures. Deposition of the VP thin films significantly (p0.05) increases the hydrophilicity of HDPE substrates decreasing the water contact angle from 80.57°±4.09° to 33.11°±1.37° Escherichia coli O157:H7 ATCC 35150, Listeria innocua ATCC 33090, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P are totally inhibited by both VP-coated substrates after 2-h of contact time. Modified Kirby-Bauer tests prove the antibacterial activity of VP-coated HDPE substrates was higher than VP-coated glass substrates against all bacteria. The highest zone of inhibition (43.33±1.77 mm) is observed against Staph. aureus on VP-coated HDE substrates. The study proves the nanoscale structure of the deposited VP thin films is effective in demonstrating antibacterial activity. © 2023FDK-2023–2603; Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, ESOGU; Yükseköğretim Kurul

Enteral nutrition consensus report from KEPAN: Indications, choice, practical application, and follow-up

Objectives: Clinicians are in need of guidance that will ease the application of medical nutrition therapy. In order to facilitate the application and success of medical nutrition therapy, the Turkish Clinical Enteral ; Par -enteral Nutrition Society (KEPAN) planned a report that is short, is clear, and has clear-cut recommendations that will guide health care professionals in the indications, choice, practical application, follow-up, and stop-ping of enteral nutrition.Methods: The enteral nutrition consensus report on enteral nutrition use in medical nutrition therapy was developed by a study group (12 working group academicians and 17 expert group academicians) under the organization of KEPAN. The enteral nutrition consensus report was generated in 5 online and face-to-face phases from December 2019 through October 2022. At the end (Delphi rounds), a total of 24 questions and subjects, recommendations, and comments were sent to the enteral nutrition working group and the expert group via e-mail. They were asked to score the criteria by using the Likert scale.Results: The first round of the study resulted in acceptance of all 24 recommendations. None of the criteria was rejected. Only some minor editing for wording was recommended by the panelists during the first and second rounds of the Delphi study. The final report was sent to all 29 panelists and was approved without any revision suggestions.Conclusion: This report provides 24 clear-cut recommendations in a question-answer format. We believe that this report could have a significant effect on the optimum use of enteral nutrition in the context of medical nutrition therapy when clinicians manage everyday patients.(c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc

Exergoeconomic analysis of ultrasound-assisted extraction of tannins from acorn fruit

Acorn fruit (AF) is a valuable yet tannin-rich forest byproduct. The removal of bitter-tasting tannins is essential for its use as food. This study investigated exergoeconomic analysis of ultrasound-assisted extraction (USAE) with varying amplitudes (20%-60%-100%) and duty cycle conditions (20%-60%-100%) to extract tannins from AF. Conventional solvent extraction (CSE) was used as comparison. AF, mixed with water (1:10 w/v), subjected to ultrasound until tannin content reached 0.0274 mg TAE/mg DM. The study evaluates process conditions' impact on performance and tannin's unit extraction cost. Exergoeconomic analysis was conducted by considering the exergy values, operating costs, investment costs, and extraction time. CSE requires 300 min for target tannin content, while USAE reduces this time to 40-fold. The highest energy efficiency (84.44 ± 2.97) and exergy efficiency (83.68 ± 3.61) were determined at 20% amplitude-20% duty cycle. USAE reduces extraction costs by 25% compared to CSE. USAE has the potential for rapid tannin extraction and cost reduction. © 2023 Elsevier LtdTürkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu, TÜBİTAK; Yükseköğretim Kurul

Glycosaminoglycan-induced proinflammatory cytokine levels as disease marker in mucopolysaccharidosis

Recently, it has been shown disturbances in oxidant/antioxidant system and increases in some inflammatory markers in animal studies and in some Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) patients. In this study, we aimed to determine the oxidative stress/antioxidant parameters and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of MPS patients, in order to evaluate the possible role of inflammation in these patient groups regarding to accumulated metabolites. MPS I (n = 3), MPS II (n = 8), MPS III (n = 4), MPS IVA (n = 3), MPS VI (n = 3), and VII (n = 1) patients and 20 age-matched healthy subjects were included into the study. There was no statistically significant change in activities of SOD, Catalase, GSH-Px and lipid peroxidation levels in erythrocytes between the MPS patients and healthy controls. While IL-1alpha (p = 0.054), IL-6 (p = 0.008) levels, and chitotriosidase activity (p = 0.003) elevated in MPS3 patients, IL1α (p = 0.006), IL-1β (p = 0.006), IL-6 (p = 0.006), IFNγ (p = 0.006), and NFκB (p = 0.006) levels increased in MPS-6 patients. Elevated levels of IL-6, IL1α and chitotriosidase activity demonstrated macrophage activation in MPSIII untreated with enzyme replacement. Our study showed for the first time that high levels of IL1α, IL-6, IL1β and NFκB were present in MPSVI patients, demonstrating the induction of inflammation by dermatan sulphate. The low level of paraoxonase in MPSVI patients may be a good marker for cardiac involvement. Overall, this study provides important insights into the relationship between lysosomal storage of glycosaminoglycan and inflammation in MPS patients. It highlights possible pathways for the increased release of inflammatory molecules and suggests new targets for the development of treatments. © 2023 Elsevier Lt

Existence and uniqueness results on coupled Caputo-Hadamard fractional differential equations in a bounded domain

In this article, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a boundary value problem of coupled system of Caputo-Hadamard fractional differential equations in a bounded domain. Banach contraction mapping principle and Schaefer's fixed point theorem are the main tools of our study. An example is presented at the end to support the main result

Biharmonic curves along Riemannian maps

In this paper, the transformation of a bi-harmonic curve on the total manifold into a bi-harmonic curve on the base manifold along a Riemannian map between Riemannian manifolds is examined. In this direction, first, necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained for the Riemannian map between two Riemannian manifolds for the curve on the total manifold to be bi-harmonic curve on the base manifold. Afterwards, the case that the total manifold is a complex space form was taken into consideration and the bi-harmonic character of the curve on the base manifold was examined by considering appropriate conditions on the basic notions of the Riemannian map