The factors that affect LBW in developing countries: Systematic literature review

LBW is still one of the health problems in various countries, especially developing countries because it contributes the highest number in the case of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR), there are million babies born with LBW at delivery each year or around 15,5% in the world and 96,5% of them occur in developing countries, many factors can cause LBW. This study aims to identify and synthesize the influence LBW, as well as conclude the gaps in existing theories. This study uses a systematic literature review method. The population and sample in this study were all literature contained in the database that met the criteria, the literature sources came from 3 electronic databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed and ProQuest using the keywords Low Birth Weight (LBW) or Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah (BBLR). The results showed that nutritional status (Pvalue = 0,004), food variety and quality (RR 0,53), weight gain (Pvalue = 0,003), total cholesterol (Pvalue = 0,027), maternal characteristic (education with Pvalue = 0,006, occupation with Pvalue = 0,001, age with Pvalue = 0,001 and parity with Pvalue = 0,025), socioeconomic (Pvalue = 0,004), pregnancy complications (oligohydramnios with OR 2,10 and preeclampsia with OR 4,752), enviromental factors (smoke exposure with OR 2,219 and air pollution with OR 1,405), and comorbidities (anemia Pvalue = 0,011  and malaria infection OR 2,06) significantly affect the incidence of LBW

Effects of beetroot-pineapple juice on hypertensive elderly in Depok

The prevalence of hypertension, based on measurement results among the population aged ? 18 in Indonesia, increased by 8.3% from 2013 to 2018. Due to this rise, there is an evident need for treatments to decrease this rate. Introducing non-pharmacological therapies, such as beetroot and pineapple juice, maybe a viable solution. This study aimed to assess the difference in blood pressure before and after the consumption of beetroot and pineapple juice among elderly hypertensive patients in the Abadijaya Public Health Center region of Depok City. The research followed an experimental design, specifically a pretest-posttest one-group format. The study involved 15 elderly individuals aged between 60-80 years with blood pressure readings of ? 140/90 mmHg. They consumed 300 ml of the juice daily for seven consecutive days. Data analysis included the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, the paired t-test, and the Wilcoxon test for statistical significance. The findings revealed a significant reduction in blood pressure after the consumption of beetroot and pineapple juice, with a p-value for systolic pressure at 0,000 and diastolic pressure at 0,020 (p<0,05). The average decrease in systolic blood pressure was 13,03 mmHg, and for diastolic blood pressure, it was 4,8 mmHg. There was a discernible difference in blood pressure measurements before and after juice consumption among the elderly hypertensive patients

Relationship between nutritional status and other factors with the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in adults in Cikupa

The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in Tangerang Regency, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia based on a total cholesterol concentration of >200 mg/dl is 39,8%. The research aims to determine the description of nutritional status, physical activity, habits of eating fatty foods and fat intake with the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in adults in Cikupa Village. This research is observational with a cross sectional research design. The number of respondents was 61 people using accidental sampling technique. The data taken includes data on body weight, height, nutritional intake, frequency of eating fatty foods, physical activity and total cholesterol levels. The research instrument used a food recall questionnaire, FFQ, and PAL. Bivariate analysis uses the chi-square test. The results of the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in the adult group in Cikupa were 59,4%. Most of them had normal nutritional status (77,6%), light physical activity (71,6%), often consumed fatty foods (44,8%) and a higher fat intake of (53,7%). There was no significant relationship between nutritional status, physical activity, eating habits of fatty foods, and fat intake with hypercholesterolemia in the adult group in Cikupa Village (p>0,05)

Relationship between manganese minerals and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A mini review

Indonesia is the fourth country with the largest prevalence of DM in the world which is caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. Risk factors for DM that cannot be modified include race, ethnicity, age, gender, genetics from a family with DM, history of giving birth >4 kg and LBW <2.5 kg. Meanwhile risk factors that can be modified include overweight, abdominal/central obesity, lack of physical activity, high blood pressure (hypertension), dyslipidemia, high calorie and unbalanced diet, prediabetes with impaired blood glucose tolerance levels (IGT 140 -199 mg/dl) or impaired fasting blood glucose levels (GDPT <140 mg/dl) as well as smoking habits. Several studies have revealed that dietary manganese is related to type 2 DM. However, the relationship between manganese diet and type 2 DM in women cannot yet be explained through a definite pathophysiological pathway after all confounding variables have been adjusted for, so it still needs to be studied further, especially regarding manganese analysis methods in assessing manganese status. which is usually based on the concentration of manganese in plasma/serum and all blood components

Macronutrient intake and nutritional status related to length of stay in Tugu Ibu Hospital

The incidence of malnutrition in the hospital is largely undetectable and considered important to measure the length of stay. Nutrient intake and assessment of nutritional status from the outset of patients treated for factors that affect the morbidity and mortality rate, length of hospitalization, and maintenance costs. energy intake and carbohydrate intake with length of stay (p 0,030 OR 2,3; p 0,046 OR 2,76) and there was a significant relationship between nutritional status and length of stay (p 0,024). There was a relationship of energy intake, carbohydrate intake and nutritional status with the length of stay.

Risk of Diarrhea in Infants on Breastfeeding Exclusive and Non-Exclusive Breastfeeding

Diarrheal disease is a significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality worldwide in children under five years of age. The study aimed to analyze the risk factors for diarrhea in infants with and without exclusive breastfeeding. The research approach used a case-control analysis with observational analytic methods. The population was all mothers who gave birth to babies aged 6-12 months. By determining the sample using the Lemeshow formula, the example was 152 babies with details of 76 cases and 76 controls. The results of the chi-square test showed (p-value= 0,000), which means that there was an effect of exclusive breastfeeding and non-exclusive breastfeeding with the incidence of diarrhea in infants with a value of OR=12,065, which means that mothers who did not breastfeed their babies 12,065 times more at risk of suffering from diarrhea higher inversely compared to mothers who exclusively breastfeed their babies. In conclusion, infants who are not exclusively breastfed are at risk of suffering from diarrhea than infants who are exclusively breastfed

Differences in the Application of Lateral and Semi-Sitting Labor Positions for Multiparous Maternity Mothers on the Length of Stage II

Every woman wants her labor to run smoothly and to be able to give birth under normal conditions for both the mother and the baby. However, the desire to have a normal (vaginal) delivery is not an easy thing because many pregnant women feel worried, anxious, and anxious about the delivery process. The goal of normal delivery care is to strive for survival and achieve a high degree of health for both mother and baby through integrated and complete efforts and minimal intervention so that the principles of safety and quality of service can be maintained at an optimal level. The purpose of this study was to find out the difference in the application of semi-sitting and lithotomy positions in multiparous mothers to the length of the second stage at PMB Rismawati. This research was a quantitative study using static group comparison experimental research methods The sample in this study were 30 multiparous mothers. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The sample in this study was part of the population of multiparous mothers. The results of the man withney test obtained a p-value of 0,370, this value was greater than 0,05 so it can be concluded that there is no difference in the lateral and semi-sitting positions for the duration of the second stage of labor because each position has its own advantages when applied

Early Detection of Preeclampsia Through Urine Protein Examination as a Means of Maternal Emergency Prevention

A decrease in urine albumin levels in pregnant women, which can be checked through urine protein examination, is an indicator used to determine whether a pregnant woman is experiencing preeclampsia. Preeclampsia has become a cause of increasing morbidity and mortality rates which affects both mothers and newborns. This research aimed to early detect the preeclampsia through urine protein examination and see the correlation between the characteristics of the research subjects and urine protein. Used a descriptive design with a correlational design, the urine protein from 36 pregnant women was examined in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Next, univariate analysis was carried out and Spearman Correlation test was used in bivariate analysis for abnormally distributed ordinal data while the Contingency Coefficient Correlation test was carried out for data that used abnormally distributed nominal scale. Based on the bivariate analysis, the variables of age, education, employment, and obstetric history obtained a significant value of p value>0,05, showed no correlation with urine protein. Contrarily, the blood pressure variable had a significant value of p 0,049 < 0,05. Pregnant women in gestational age of >20 weeks with high blood pressure must examine the urine protein immediately to early detect preeclampsia and prevent maternal emergencies

Knowledge about Anemia and Physical Activity with the Incidence of Anemia Among Adolescent Girls

Adolescent girls with anemia in Indonesia was still high. Adolescents, especially girls were prone to anemia due to their menstrual cycle every month. This cross-sectional study intended to analyze the relationship between knowledge about anemia and physical activity of adolescent girls with the anemia incidence. This research was conducted in MTs. Fadlurrahman, Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia in 2022. This cross-sectional study with 49 samples used stratified random sampling to determine the subjects. The result showed that 36,7% of subjects had anemia, 69,4% had low knowledge and 65,31% had low activity. Chi-square analysis indicated that knowledge of anemia in adolescent girls significantly (p<0,05) related to anemia incidence, but no significant (p>0,05) relationship between physical activity in adolescent girls with the anemia incidence. These findings indicated that increasing the knowledge was important to prevent anemia. Physical activity did not directly affect anemia incidence and needs further investigation

Risk Factors Associated with Nutritional Status of Toddlers

The main nutritional problem is when growing children experience severe malnutrition. Such as the mother's education level, occupation, number of family members, family income, knowledge, history of exclusive breastfeeding, and history of infectious diseases are several variables that influence a child's nutritional status. Body weight for age (WW/U) based on Z-score -3 SD to <-2 SD is the threshold for undernutrition. The aim of this research was to determine the factors related to the nutritional status of toddlers in the UPTD work area of the Kubangdeleg Community Health Center, Cirebon Regency, West Java Province. This research uses a cross sectional study design and is an observational analytical study. The sample size of 100 people is mothers who have toddlers aged 12-59 months. Data collection was carried out through interviews and anthropometric measurements as well as community health center reports. Then the data was analyzed univariate and bivariate with the Chi-square test. Maternal education obtained (p-value=0,027), number of family members (p-value=0,317), maternal knowledge about nutrition (p-value=0,756), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p-value=1,000), and history of infectious diseases (p-value=0,693). There is a relationship between the level of maternal education and the nutritional status of toddlers. Meanwhile, in the UPTD work area of the Kubangdeleg Community Health Center, Cirebon Regency, West Java Province. Several factors including the number of family members, mother's knowledge, history of exclusive breastfeeding and history of infectious diseases are not risk factors for nutritional status in toddlers