Health Consumers’ Emotional Responses Toward Asthma Videos on YouTube Are Influenced by Time Since Posting, Number of Tags, Subject of Content and the Emotional Tone

Background Social media platforms and user-generated videos have become important channels and resources for health consumers seeking information and learning about asthma management. Objectives This study examined the characteristics of asthma-related videos on YouTube, health consumers\u27 emotional responses to these videos and explored the video attributes influencing their emotional responses and attitudes toward asthma-related content. Methods The study employed manual subject analysis, sentiment analysis, descriptive statistical analysis and regression modelling. Results The most popular content categories were Treatment, Prevention and Cause & Pathophysiology. Consumer interactions confirmed interest in Treatment. The time since posting, the number of tags, the subject of content and the general tone (positive/neutral/negative) of a video influenced whether it elicited positive or negative emotions. Discussion The consumer interactions might indicate interest in a content category, but the analysis might show negative attitudes to that content. ‘Sign & Symptom’ content can reduce the positive emotional responses, and ‘Cause & Pathophysiology’ content can raise the negative emotional responses, thus reducing the consumers\u27 expression of positive attitudes in different ways. Conclusion The content priorities of video creators and health consumers differed, and keeping the emotional tone positive appears important for fostering positive emotional responses and attitudes

Labeling Phrenic Afferents with Intrapleural AAV-PHP.S

Background Understanding the role of musculoskeletal afferents in health and disease relies on the ability to selectively label afferents. Traditional approaches involve using adeno-associated viral (AAV) tools to transduce afferents with intrathecal, intramuscular, or direct dorsal root ganglion (DRG) injections. However, these approaches are surgically invasive, have non-specific labeling, or do not target functional groups of afferents. For example, labeling phrenic afferents arising from the diaphragm muscle is challenging due to the presence of musculoskeletal and cutaneous afferents from the forelimb, neck, and shoulder in the C3-C5 DRGs. New method Using a new capsid variant of AAV9 with enhanced tropism toward afferents (AAV-PHP.S), we investigated if intrapleural injection of AAV-PHP.S transduces phrenic afferents in the cervical DRGs and spinal cord. Results In animals receiving AAV-PHP.S, we observed robust tdTomato labeling in the DRGs, dorsal roots, dorsal columns, and spinal projections throughout the spinal gray matter. We did not see the same pattern of afferent labeling when we transected the phrenic nerve prior to intrapleural injection, nor did we find any evidence for motor neuron labeling. Classification of labeled afferents suggests preferential labeling of large diameter proprioceptive neurons. Time-course experiments show tdTomato expression in DRG neurons plateaued by 2 weeks. Comparison with existing methods To our knowledge this is the first AAV-based method that preferentially targets phrenic afferents without also labeling phrenic motor neurons. Conclusions This approach labels phrenic afferents and may be used in combination with optogenetic or chemogenetic tools to advance our understanding of the functional role of phrenic afferents