Measures of social and occupational function in early psychosis : a systematic review and meta-analysis

Deficits in social and occupational function are widely reported in psychosis, yet no one measure of function is currently agreed upon as a gold standard in psychosis research. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of functioning measures to determine what measures were associated with largest effect sizes when measuring between-group differences, changes over time, or response to treatment. Literature searches were conducted based on PsycINFO and PubMed to identify studies for inclusion. Cross-sectional and longitudinal observational and intervention studies of early psychosis (≤5 years since diagnosis) that included social and occupational functioning as an outcome measure were considered. A series of meta-analyses were conducted to determine effect size differences for between-group differences, changes over time, or response to treatment. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were carried out to account for variability in study and participant characteristics. One hundred and sixteen studies were included, 46 studies provided data (N = 13 261) relevant to our meta-analysis. Smallest effect sizes for changes in function over time and in response to treatment were observed for global measures, while more specific measures of social and occupational function showed the largest effect sizes. Differences in effect sizes between functioning measures remained significant after variability in study and participant characteristics were accounted for. Findings suggest that more specific measures of social function are better able to detect changes in function over time and in response to treatment

Motivic Atiyah-Segal completion theorem

Let T be a torus, X a smooth separated scheme of finite type equipped with a T -action, and [X/T] the associated quotient stack. Given any localizing A1 -homotopy invariant of dg categories E (homotopy K -theory, algebraic K -theory with coefficients, étale K -theory with coefficients, l -adic algebraic K -theory, l -adic étale K -theory, semi-topological K -theory, topological K -theory, periodic cyclic homology, etc), we prove that the derived completion of E([X/T]) at the augmentation ideal I of the representation ring R(T) of T agrees with the classical Borel construction associated to the T -action o X⁠. Moreover, for certain localizing A1 -homotopy invariants, we extend this result to the case of a linearly reductive group scheme G⁠. As a first application, we obtain an alternative proof of Krishna’s completion theorem in algebraic K-theory, of Thomason’s completion theorem in étale K -theory with coefficients, and also of Atiyah-Segal’s completion theorem in topological K -theory (for those topological M -spaces Xan arising from analytification; M is a(ny) maximal compact Lie subgroup of Gan⁠). These alternative proofs lead to a spectral enrichment of the corresponding completion theorems and also to the following improvements: in the case of Thomason’s completion theorem the base field k no longer needs to be separably closed, and in the case of Atiyah-Segal’s completion theorem the topological M -space Xan no longer needs to be compact and the M -equivariant topological K -theory groups of Xan no longer need to be finitely generated over the representation ring R(M) ⁠. As a second application, we obtain new completion theorems in l -adic étale K -theory, in semi-topological K -theory and also in periodic cyclic homology. As a third application, we obtain a description of the different equivariant cohomology groups in the literature (motivic, l-adic, morphic, Betti, de Rham, etc) in terms of derived completion. Finally, in two appendixes of independent interest, we extend a result of Weibel on homotopy K -theory from the realm of schemes to the broad setting of quotient stacks and establish some useful properties of semi-topological K -theory

Transformers : transformed to transform - global mini cases in AI, healthcare and manufacturing

This case study consists of three mini cases that feature women leaders in different industry contexts. The cases highlight crucible moments for each leader, the influence of context on leadership style, gendered barriers, and opportunities to women's leadership. This case study presents opportunities for critical analysis of known leadership frameworks and opportunities for reflection on contemporary leadership needs

Classroom as crucible in the Humboldtian university : Reply to Collin

This reply to Finn Collin’s critically sympathetic review of my Back to the University’s Future: The Second Coming of Humboldt, addresses some of the tensions involved in realizing “Humboldt 2.0” in today’s higher education environment. Its focus is largely on the academic’s sense of researcher as being one of learner. In other words, the Humboldtian sees research as the necessary complement to teaching, not something radically distinct from it

Elucidating gas evolution of Prussian white cathodes for sodium‐ion battery application : the effect of electrolyte and moisture

As global energy storage demand increases, sodium-ion batteries are often considered as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries. Hexacyanoferrate cathodes, commonly referred to as Prussian blue analogues (PBAs), are of particular interest due their low-cost synthesis and promising electrochemical response. However, because they consist of ~50 wt% cyanide anions, a possible release of highly toxic cyanide gases poses a significant safety risk. Previously, we observed the evolution of (CN)2 during cycling via differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), but were unable to determine a root cause or mechanism. In this work, we present a systematical investigation of the gas evolution of Prussian white (PW) with different water content via DEMS. While H2 is the main gas detected, especially in hydrated PW and during overcharge (4.6 V vs. Na+/Na), the evolution of CO2 and (CN)2 depends on the electrolyte conductive salt. The use of oxidative NaClO4 instead of NaPF6 is the leading cause for the formation of (CN)2. Mass spectrometric evidence of trace amounts of HCN is also found, but to a much lower extent than (CN)2, which is the dominant safety risk when using NaClO4-containing electrolyte, which despite being a good model salt, is not a viable option for commercial applications

Mainstream and special schools’ use of well-being programmes : a regional survey

The incorporation of mental well-being provision into school curricula is increasingly the focus of government policy in the UK and internationally. However, it is not clear what well- being programmes schools provide to pupils, and how these programmes are delivered. The current study was an online survey to assess the use of whole-school well-being programmes in primary schools in North Wales. Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) was utilised as a framework to assess normalisation of the well-being programmes. One-hundred and fifty-one schools in North Wales responded to the survey. The mean number of whole-school well- being programmes utilised by schools was 4.59, and nine of the ten most frequently used programmes had little or no associated evidence base. The well-being programmes were generally perceived as normalised (i.e., everyday practice) by respondents. Implications for future practice are discussed, including the need to support schools to identify and implement evidence-based mental well-being provision

COVID-19 vaccine refusal as unfair free-riding

Contributions to COVID-19 vaccination programmes promise valuable collective goods. They can support public and individual health by creating herd immunity and taking the pressure off overwhelmed public health services; support freedom of movement by enabling governments to remove restrictive lockdown policies; and improve economic and social well-being by allowing businesses, schools, and other essential public services to re-open. The vaccinated can contribute to the production of these goods. The unvaccinated, who benefit from, but who do not contribute to these goods can be morally criticised as free-riders. In this paper defends the claim that in the case of COVID-19, the unvaccinated are unfair free-riders. I defend the claim against two objections. First, that they are not unfair free-riders because they lack the subjective attitudes and intentions of free-riders; second, that although the unvaccinated may be free-riders, their free-riding is not unfair. [Abstract copyright: © 2024. The Author(s).