Predicción de variables oceanográficas basada en métodos de aprendizaje profundo

Este Trabajo Fin de Grado se centra en desarrollar un modelo basado en redes neuronales profundas para predecir variables oceanográficas, especialmente la temperatura potencial del agua. A partir de un conjunto de datos de reanálisis oceánico de Copernicus, se adapta un modelo preentrenado en meteorología, llamado Aurora, para un contexto marino. Este modelo, originalmente diseñado para pronosticar variables atmosféricas, se ajusta gracias a técnicas de congelación y descongelación de capas, además de un cuidadoso preprocesamiento y normalización de los datos. El objetivo principal es mejorar la precisión en la predicción de dinámicas oceánicas, reduciendo el coste computacional característico de los métodos numéricos tradicionales. Se emplea métricas como el error cuadrático medio y el sesgo para comprobar la fiabilidad de las predicciones a corto y medio plazo. Los resultados muestran una evolución prometedora, con menor error en zonas de mar abierto y mayor complejidad cerca de la costa. Este enfoque, basado en el aprendizaje profundo, sienta las bases para incorporar más variables o regiones en el futuro y supone un paso adelante en la integración de la ciencia de datos en la investigación oceánica.This bachelor’s project focuses on developing a deep neural network model to predict oceanographic variables, particularly the potential temperature of seawater. Using reanalysis data from Copernicus, We adapt a meteorologically pre-trained model named Aurora to marine settings. Originally built for atmospheric forecasting, Aurora is fine-tuned through layer freezing and unfreezing, alongside careful preprocessing and data normalization. The main goal is to enhance the accuracy of oceanic predictions while reducing the computational cost of traditional numerical methods. We use metrics like mean squared error and bias to assess reliability over short and medium time horizons. The results show promising performance, with lower errors in open ocean regions and more complexity near coastal areas. This deep learning approach lays the groundwork for adding more variables or expanding to broader domains, marking a step forward in integrating data science into oceanic research

Effects of the utilization of a local cereals and forage -based diet on productive performance and egg quality in three free-range hen genotypes

Meeting consumer demand for eggs is dependent to a major extent on the availability of regular supplies of appropriate, cost-effective and safe animal feeds. Greater utilization of local feedstuffs, such as cereals and forages, is being encouraged for small and medium-sized poultry farmers for increasing poultry production, and enhancing food security. This research paper addresses the effects of a diet based on local cereals and forage on productive performance and egg quality in three hen genotypes (Lohmann White, Canarian, and Franciscana) reared under free-range conditions during 16 weeks. The results showed that hens fed with the commercial formula exhibited better body weights, laying rates, feed conversion ratios, and laid heavier eggs than the hens fed with the experimental diet. On the other hand, yolk color of hens fed with local cereals and forage were paler and less red and yellow than those fed with a commercial layer feed. Nevertheless, chemical composition and fatty acids profile of egg yolks were not altered by the diet factor. Finally, untrained consumers pointed out that the control eggs had a better score in terms of external and internal assessments than experimental eggs, but did not find differences for aroma and taste. In conclusion, it seems clear the need to introduce changes in the formulation of the local diet that may improve the productive performance and the quality of the eggs. This improvement must be consolidated by incorporating external amino acids, pigments and enzymes.70,5181,6Q2Q2SCIE11,

Use of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography to Assess Bowel Anastomosis in Ovarian Cancer Surgery

Background/Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography in preventing anastomotic leaks and reducing the need for ostomies during cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients with 2014 International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology stage IIB-IVB ovarian cancer requiring a bowel resection during primary or secondary cytoreductive surgery at our institution between July 2021 to April 2023. Rates of ostomy performance and anastomotic leak were assessed in the ICG angiography group and the non-ICG angiography group. Frequency distributions between categorical variables were compared using Fisher's exact or Chi-squared test. Wilcoxon rank-sum test and t-test were used to compare continuous variables. Results: During the study period, we reviewed the data of 59 consecutive patients with ovarian cancer with bowel resection; in 30 (50.85%) patients, bowel anastomosis was assessed using ICG angiography and in 29 (49.15%) patients, bowel anastomosis was not assessed using ICG angiography. Anastomotic leak rate was found to be 6.9% (n=2) in the non-ICG angiography group, and 3.33% in the ICG angiography group (n=1) (p=0.612). More diverting ostomies were performed in the non-ICG angiography group (n=6, 20.69%) compared to the ICG angiography group in which no ostomies were performed (p=0.011). Conclusion: ICG angiography is not associated with a decrease in anastomotic leak rates, but it may avoid ostomy formation.66666160,5621,6Q2Q

Impact of tire particle leachates on microplancton communities in the Canary Islands

Tire wear particles (TWP) are a major source of microplastics in the environment. Despite their prevalence, the effects of tire particle leachates on marine microplankton communities remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the acute impacts of tire particle leachates on the structure of coastal microplankton assemblages from the Canary Islands. Five laboratory experiments were conducted, exposing microplankton to a range of leachate dilutions over 72 h, with TWP leachates prepared from an initial concentration of 1 g L⁻¹ .Our results revealed that the abundances of diatoms, most dinoflagellates, and ciliates were significantly reduced following exposure to leachates, with median effective concentrations (EC50) ranging from 30 to 660 mg L−1 depending on the plankton community. Interestingly, Ostreopsis cf. ovata, a harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming species, exhibited relatively high tolerance to tire particle leachates compared to other microplankton. Compared to other marine biota, ciliates appear to be most vulnerable plankton group to tire particle leachates (EC50 = 30 and 146 mg L−1). The higher tolerance of O. cf. ovata to pollution compared to other phytoplankton species (resource competitors), in combination with other factors, may contribute to the rise of HABs in polluted coastal areas. Although field data on TWP are limited, the observed negative effects on microplankton occurred at environmentally relevant concentrations. Our results indicate that TWP pollution can significantly impact marine planktonic communities, highlighting the urgent need to reduce TWP emissions and develop less toxic tire rubber additives.121,4186,2Q1Q1SCIE11,

Participatory methodology for risk management planning: A strategy for the implementation of the Tenerife Island Volcanic Emergency Action Plan

Volcanic disaster risk reduction and management are key elements required for the territories exposed to this threat to achieve sustainable development. Risk management has evolved considerably, especially through the strengthening of approaches based on vertical and horizontal coordination and cooperation among institutions, organizations, and individuals, multistakeholder participation and public awareness, and the creation of public-private partnerships. Disaster preparedness plays an essential role in reducing impacts, improving response capacity, and ensuring subsequent recovery. In this context, following the eruption of La Palma (Canary Islands) in 2021, this study addresses the challenge of promoting the first island-wide preparedness process to reduce volcanic risk, involving the participation of stakeholders in decision making. The process began in 2022 with the drafting of a strategy for the implementation of the Tenerife Island Volcanic Emergency Action Plan, which was first approved in 2020. The use of the Participatory Action Research approach facilitated the meeting of agents linked to emergency management, and the incorporation of their contributions in drafting, and attempting to promote the transition to a preparedness paradigm defined by participation, involvement of all stakeholders, and improvement of risk governance.2

Clinical ultrasound in emergency care:: benefits, challenges and prospects

La ecografía se ha consolidado como una herramienta esencial en la práctica clínica diaria ya que aumenta la eficiencia diagnóstica y reduce la incertidumbre. Su desarrollo ha permitido avances significativos en la atención urgente al proporcionar información en tiempo real que facilita la toma de decisiones en situaciones críticas. En los últimos años, la tecnología ha evolucionado significativamente, facilitando la aparición de dispositivos más compactos y accesibles que optimizan la portabilidad sin comprometer la calidad de imagen. Este avance ha permitido incorporar la ecografía en la práctica diaria de las consultas médicas con mayor facilidad, mejorando la capacidad de diagnóstico y la seguridad en la atención al paciente. En las últimas Jornadas de Urgencias y Ecografía de la semFYC, celebradas los días 6, 7 y 8 de febrero en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, se abordó el impacto de la ecografía en la atención urgente a la población dentro de la medicina de familia. Se discutió su papel en la optimización del diagnóstico y tratamiento en situaciones de urgencia, así como la necesidad de seguir impulsando su formación y accesibilidad en todos los niveles asistenciales.64