The Plotting Check of Land Parcels on Computerization of Land Activities (KKP) towards Complete Village in Medan City

Abstract: The Plotting check serves as a strategic solution to address land-related issues where parcels are registered but remain unmapped due to the transition from analog to digital data systems. This necessitates the synchronization of both spatial and textual data through the implementation of KKP-Web and AutoCAD GeoKKP applications. This process is in alignment with the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning / National Land Agency's objectives to enhance electronic services. This research aims to map all land parcels within the Sitirejo II subdistrict as a decision-support tool for resolving land management challenges. The ultimate goal is to establish a harmonious integration between administrative functions, policy frameworks, and land information infrastructure, thereby contributing to the realization of sustainable development. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative techniques utilizing secondary data and spatial analysis, alongside qualitative methods through interviews. The analysis involves overlaying all registered land parcels onto the national coordinate system and validating land parcels, survey documents (SU), and land books (BT) using the KKP-Web application. The findings of this research resulted in a comprehensive land map of Sitirejo II, covering a total of 1,317 parcels, categorized into two distinct groups: (i) 1,013 parcels with complete data sets, including parcel details, SU, and BT, and (ii) 304 parcels with incomplete or missing data on parcels, SU, and BT. In conclusion, the plot-checking initiative for the Medan Land Office significantly enhances the quality of both spatial and textual land data, facilitating informed decision-making and policy development, and supporting the orderly management of land administration. Keywords: Data Quality, Land Parcel, Plotting Check, Validatio

Digital Transformation in the Validation of Land Tax Block Maps and Land Parcel Maps in Bojonegoro Regency

The digital era has brought significant changes across various sectors, including the management of Land and Building Tax (PBB) in Indonesia. As one of the country’s key revenue sources, a large portion of PBB is allocated to regional income, which supports public facilities provided by both central and local governments. Therefore, accurate and integrated taxation data is essential for fair and precise tax calculation. This study aims to evaluate and analyze the consistency between the Land and Building Tax (PBB) maps and the Land Parcel (PBT) maps in Kedaton Village, Kapas District, Bojonegoro Regency. The research identifies discrepancies in land area, the consistency of taxpayer and landowner names, and the spatial data quality between both map types. Spatial evaluation was conducted using Polygon Area, Polygon Near Distance, and Polygon Circularity Ratio methods to assess spatial accuracy, proximity between polygons, and shape regularity. The results show a 48% area discrepancy beyond the acceptable tolerance, and only 30% of parcels had matching taxpayer and landowner names. Based on PBT evaluation, 52% of parcels in the PBB map were categorized as accurate. The study recommends improving data integration between PBB and PBT maps to enhance taxation accuracy, land administration efficiency, and regional tax revenue optimization. &nbsp

Management of Abandoned Land in the Context of Poverty Alleviation in Aceh

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyse how the law is implemented in managing wasteland, as well as the challenges and solutions related to the enactment of Government Regulation Number 11 Year 2010 concerning land control and utilisation. This study includes a sociological study of law (non-doctrinal) that involved descriptive research. The fourth-law concept is a pattern of social behaviour that has been created as an empirical variable in this study. The method of collecting data in this study is literature study and using qualitative data analysis as a data analysis method. Based on the findings, the wasteland in Aceh is managed by Baitul Mal and land offices. The wasteland management method that has been used is farming activities. Therefore, the implementation of this method can be applied to increase the local community's income and also eradicate poverty issues. Keywords: Government Regulation, Poverty, Reform, Wastelan

Soil Quality Assessment Under Different Land-Use and Litter Conditions in Agrarian Landscape

Abstract: Dayurejo Village, on the slopes of Mount Arjuno, is an agrarian landscape where diverse land uses—teak stands, agroforestry, banana and coffee plantations, and production forest—compete for space and shape soil conditions. This study assesses soil quality under different litter conditions and interprets the findings in relation to land functions and village-level spatial planning. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, soil samples were collected from topsoil (0–30 cm) and subsoil (30–60 cm) in five land-use types and analyzed for texture, porosity, pH, and organic matter. Rudi Hartono nic C, while litter thickness, pH, and moisture were also measured. Results indicate that all land uses are characterized by acidic soils with very low organic C (<0.60%) and litter layers that are generally dry, limiting decomposition. Agroforestry and forest land maintain relatively high porosity and thick litter, supporting their role as hydrological protection and buffer zones, whereas banana, coffee, and teak areas exhibit compaction and degradation, requiring targeted rehabilitation. The study concludes that integrating soil-quality indicators into village zoning and agrarian management is essential for sustainable land and spatial planning in Dayurejo Village. Keywords: Agrarian landscape, Land Use, Soil quality, Spatial plannin

Spatial Analysis of the Land Object of Agrarian Reform Redistribution Priorities for Supporting Low Carbon Development

Abstract: This study analyzes the spatial classification of redistribution priorities for Land Objects of Agrarian Reform (TORA) in Non-productive Convertible Production Forest (HPK Non-Productive) covering 14,310.42 hectares in Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan. The land was verified through the Inventory of Land Tenure, Ownership, Use, and Utilization (IP4T) in 2021 and proposed for forest release in 2022. The results of the study show the persistence of Dayak cultural traditions and reveal three key irregularities: landholdings exceeding the 5 ha TORA ceiling, multiple landholdings by single subjects, and the conversion of land to oil palm. Using a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative, qualitative, and spatial analysis with ArcGIS, the study identified three redistribution priorities: (1) fully eligible parcels (≈1.9%), (2) parcels under 5 ha requiring subject verification (≈26%), and (3) parcels over 5 ha, including forest-use and oil palm areas, requiring stricter screening and conflict resolution (≈71%). The LCDI-based analysis estimates 988,800 tC (3.63 million tCO₂e), with rubber plantations contributing >80%. The study recommends an inclusive TORA scheme that accommodates Dayak customary values by allocating communal forests (hutan ulayat, tana ulen, tana jaka) within each village. This supports forest cover preservation while aligning with the FOLU Net Sink policy, the Low Carbon Development Initiative (LCDI), and the oil palm moratorium, thereby reinforcing sustainable agrarian reform in forest boundary regions. Keywords: Forest Boundary, Incremental Agrarian Arrangement, Low Carbon Development, Non-Productive HPK, TORA Redistribution

The Implications of Land Use Dynamics on Land Disputes in Depok City, West Java

Abstract: Land use dynamics represent an inevitable phenomenon in the process of urban development. The large-scale conversion of land in Depok City, West Java, has triggered various issues, particularly concerning land tenure, land use practices, and the emergence of land disputes—especially on particuliere lands, whose legal status remains ambiguous due to historical and administrative complexities. This phenomenon has significant implications for spatial and environmental sustainability and also exacerbates social tensions and conflicts related to land ownership. This study seeks to analyze the correlation between land use transformation and the rising frequency of land disputes in Depok City, while also identifying effective and equitable mechanisms for conflict resolution. This study employs a qualitative case study approach that integrates secondary data analysis and in-depth interviews to understand the dynamics of land tenure conflicts. The primary issue identified lies in the structural imbalance between escalating land demand and the limited supply of available land parcels within the urban landscape. Land disputes may be addressed through two primary pathways: litigation processes within judicial institutions and alternative non-litigation mechanisms that emphasize cooperative approaches outside formal legal proceedings. With the increasing complexity of land-related conflicts, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms—such as consultation, negotiation, mediation, conciliation, and expert evaluation—have become increasingly pertinent and contextually appropriate. The findings of this study indicate that land disputes in Depok City are driven by land imbalance and weak governance, with non-litigation settlements offering a more efficient and equitable approach that serves as the basis for adaptive land policy recommendations. Keywords: Land Use Dynamics, Land Disputes, Depok City

Land Policy Research Development: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract: Research on land policy has received attention from researchers. Since the land policy was first published in 1916, research trends have continued to grow and expand. However, only some articles explain the development of issues discussed in research on land policy. Hence, this study aims to analyse bibliometric characteristics and content of papers on land policy published in Scopus-indexed journals from 1916-2023. We used protocol to analyse 1265 articles using VOSviewer. The result shows that there are five group topics discussed by scholars, namely land policy, land use, land tenure, land ownership, and China. The United States has the most publications and citations. The Chinese Academy of Science and Thomas Hartmann are recognised as institutions and authors who published most on this topic. The Land Use Policy Journal is the most essential source. China seemed to overtake US dominance in Land Policy research but was not followed by other Asian countries. There are topics for further investigation, namely land relations, land transfer, rural land, and land policy change. Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, Land policy, VOSviewer

From Narrow and Elongated to Proportional: Enhancing Cultivation through Shape Optimization in Rural Landscapes

Abstract: This research aims to examine the transformation of narrow, elongated land in Triharjo Village into a more proportional shape through agricultural land consolidation activities. In the 1990s, the community self-organized, leading to a mismatch between the physical and legal conditions of the land. The government's initiative to accelerate systematic land registration through the Land Management and Policy Development Program in 2006-2007 also proved unable to accommodate this issue. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study. Data was collected through observation, document study, and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles and Huberman analysis method with 3 stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The research results show that the majority of agricultural land in Triharjo is less than 200 m² in size, with an unfavorable length-to-width ratio for cultivation. This condition stems from past inheritance processes that adhere to the principle of justice and the saying 'kabeh mangku dalan.' The implementation of the agricultural land consolidation program in 2019-2020 was able to achieve consistency between physical and legal conditions, provide proportional land parcel shapes for cultivation, and supply agricultural support infrastructure in the form of farm roads and irrigation channels. Keywords: Agricultural land consolidation, Disproportionate land, Inheritance, Land fragmentation

Reconsidering Priority Rights in the Reacquisition of Land Rules in Indonesia : A Legal Analysis Post-Termination of Right to Cultivate, Right to Build, and Right to Use

Abstract: Land is a fundamental resource for fulfilling social and economic needs. In Indonesia, the expiration of limited land rights, namely the Right to Cultivate, Right to Build, and Right to Use, raises complex legal issues concerning both the legal status of the land and the position of former right holders. Government Regulation No. 18 of 2021 introduces the concept of “priority rights,” granting former holders the opportunity to reapply for rights over the same land. However, the regulation fails to stipulate a clear time limit or legal duration for exercising such priority. This regulatory gap has generated legal ambiguity, inconsistent interpretation, and recurring land disputes, thereby weakening legal certainty in Indonesian land governance. This study aims to analyze the normative foundation, legal implications, and temporal scope of priority rights in the context of post-expiration land tenure. The research employs a doctrinal legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Legal materials are obtained through library research and analyzed using grammatical, systematic, and teleological interpretation to assess the validity, coherence, and effectiveness of the existing regulatory framework governing priority rights. The findings indicate that the absence of a definitive legal time frame for exercising priority rights creates a rechtsvacuum (legal vacuum), which not only undermines legal certainty but also exacerbates conflicts over land that has reverted to state control. Although the land formally returns to the state upon the expiration of the original rights, former holders retain a form of civil legal interest derived from their previous lawful tenure, which serves as a valid basis for prioritization. Keywords: Land Rights, Priority Rights, Expiration of Tenure, Legal Certainty

The Struggle Over ‘Surat Ijo’ Land in Surabaya: Legal Mobilization After Reformation

Abstract: This article discusses the dynamics of GERATIS in fighting for the abolition of the Land Use Permit (“Surat Ijo”/IPT) scheme in Surabaya during the period 1970–2010. Using a historical method, this study relies on primary sources such as local regulations, court decisions, National Land Agency documents, and media reports, which are critically analyzed both internally and externally to ensure validity and reduce bias. The findings reveal that the combination of litigation strategies and post-reform mass mobilization successfully introduced new legal discourse regarding the status of the “Surat Ijo,” but its implementation was hindered by organizational fragmentation and resistance from city government policies. This study highlights the limitations of legal victories without comprehensive bureaucratic reform and provides policy recommendations for improving land asset management at the local government level. Keywords: GERATIS, Land, Surat Ijo, Refor