Consumers’ Hedonic, Utilitarian, and Social Values in Smartwatch Purchase Decisions: The Moderating Role of Switching Costs

Wearable devices, particularly smartwatches, have recently garnered significant consumer interest. However, limited research has explored how consumers’ perceived values influence their intention to continue using this technology. This study seeks to fill this gap by examining the perceived values—hedonic, utilitarian, and social—that drive purchase decisions, with a specific focus on the moderating role of switching costs on repurchase intentions in the context of a developing country: Mongolia. Data were collected through an online questionnaire distributed via Google Forms, resulting in 465 usable responses from potential smartwatch users. The partial least squares (PLS) approach was employed to evaluate the proposed hypotheses. The findings indicate that consumers’ purchase decisions are influenced by hedonic, social, and utilitarian values. Furthermore, switching costs were found to significantly moderate both purchase decisions and repurchase intentions. These results offer valuable insights for smartwatch manufacturers and marketers. By understanding the key factors driving purchase and repurchase decisions, industry stakeholders can develop targeted marketing strategies and product features that cater to consumers’ needs, ultimately improving customer retention and increasing market share in the rapidly expanding wearable technology sector

In-Country Free Trade Zone in Post–Conflict Aceh: Illegal Cigarette Trade in Sabang, Indonesia

The implementation of the Sabang Free-Trade Zone (FTZ) has implications for the increasing distribution of illegal cigarettes in the mainland areas of Aceh. It exacerbates state financial losses, community health problems, and the workload on customs to conduct control and supervision. This qualitative study aims to explore how the Free-Trade Zone in Sabang was managed as an instrument for political concession in the Aceh conflict and its quota decision mechanism on illegal cigarettes. Using a grounded qualitative research design, we conducted 12 in-depth interviews with key stakeholders. Four important findings are reflected in this study. First, the management of the Sabang-Free Trade Zone is highly influenced by political aspects and a lack of managerial competence. Second, there is a dilemmatic perspective of the conflicting parties regarding the Sabang FTZ. Third, the quota mechanism related to the distribution of imported cigarettes is not regulated and merely relies on importers’ requests. Lastly, the control and supervision system at the Sabang FTZ is weak. These findings are expected to serve as the foundation for policy recommendations and lessons on the illegal cigarette trade in Indonesia and other post-conflict countries, as well as free trade zones in neighbouring countries like Malaysia, Thailand, Singapore, and the Philippines

The Program for Self-Regulated Learning: An Empirical Study on Students-Survival Skills in Pesantren

Pesantren plays a significant role in developing students’ self-regulated learning (SRL) skills, which are reflected in their ability to set learning goals and manage their cognition, motivation, and behavior. However, previous studies did not explore SRL skills among students in pesantren, particularly in those with three secondary education units: MA (Madrasah Aliyah), SMA (Senior High School), and SMK (Vocational School). This study aimed to reveal the average SRL skills of students and their indicators in supporting survival skills (SS) in pesantren. Using a positivistic paradigm and a quantitative approach through survey methods, this research was conducted at Pesantren As-Syifa Al-Khoeriyyah Subang, West Java, Indonesia, involving 99 students from MA, SMA, and SMK levels as samples. Data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of 30 questions and analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that the average SRL skill scores for MA students were 55.48, for SMA students 60.12, and for SMK students 57.72, with an overall average score of 57.77. The ANOVA significance test value of 0.012 (< 0.05) indicates a significant difference between groups. This study also highlighted that students’ SRL skills, such as social independence, values, and behavior, were shaped through various programs implemented in the pesantren

Pesantren’s Knowledge Identity Crisis in the Digital Era

This article aims to examine the knowledge identity crisis faced by pesantren in Indonesia as a result of developments in the digital era. The research was conducted at three major pesantren: Futuhiyyah Mranggen, Al-Asy’ariyah Wonosobo and Al-Munawir Yogyakarta. Data were collected through participatory observation, interviews with pesantren managers, including Kiai, administrators, and teachers, as well as documentation of relevant materials. The findings reveal that the knowledge identity crisis in pesantren during the digital era manifests in several ways: an excessive learning burden on santri unrelated to the core competencies of pesantren knowledge, a decline in santri’s interest in studying traditional pesantren knowledge, and the institutional development of pesantren that has become disoriented from their foundational knowledge identity. To address this crisis, pesantren must refocus their learning programs to align with core competencies, reorient their knowledge systems to be adaptive and responsive to global needs, and restructure their institutions to remain rooted in the core knowledge identity of pesantren

Developing a Competency-Based Arabic Curriculum to Foster Merdeka Belajar in Indonesian Madrasahs

This study examined the development and implementation of a competency-based Arabic curriculum in Indonesian madrasahs and its implications for students’ learning independence. Employing a qualitative case study design complemented by a descriptive student survey, data were collected through interviews with teachers and principals, classroom observations, and student responses. The findings demonstrated that the curriculum significantly enhanced students’ motivation, enjoyment, and comprehension of Arabic, with 85% reporting greater motivation, 80% increased enjoyment, and 75% improved understanding. Teachers and principals affirmed that the competency-based approach facilitated the design of more relevant materials, clearer assessments, and adaptive teaching strategies, while observations revealed more dynamic student engagement and collaborative learning. Integrating the principles of Merdeka Belajar, the curriculum promoted learner autonomy and contextualized language use, though challenges remained in addressing diverse learning styles and teacher readiness. The study highlighted the novelty of explicitly linking linguistic proficiency with critical thinking, cultural literacy, and real-world application within a faith-based educational context. These insights not only enrich discussions on competency-based education in Islamic schools but also provide a practical model adaptable to other Muslim-majority countries and multilingual environments

Religious Moderation by Design: A Comparative Sociological Da’wah Study in Indonesian Higher Education

This study examines the internalization of religious moderation values among students at Islamic Higher Education Institutions (PTKI) and Public Higher Education Institutions (PTU) in South and West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Amid concerns over rising religious intolerance and extremism, higher education is increasingly seen as a strategic arena for fostering inclusive values. PTKI, by design, promotes moderate Islamic teachings, but comparative evidence between PTKI and PTU remains underexplored. Adopting a quantitative comparative approach, the study surveyed 400 students to measure their perceptions across four dimensions: national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, and accommodation of local culture. Results show that PTKI students consistently score higher than their PTU counterparts across all dimensions. For example, PTKI students recorded a higher mean score in anti-violence (2.88) compared to PTU (2.53), and similar gaps are found in other areas. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of PTKI in shaping moderate and pluralistic religious identities through structured curricula and institutional culture. The study contributes to educational and socio-religious discourse by highlighting how religious education, when aligned with national values, can counter radicalism and promote social harmony. This study offers a novel comparative framework that integrates sociological da’wah and self-perception theory to empirically assess how institutional environments shape students’ internalization of religious moderation in higher education

Local Islamic Traditions and Adaptive Leadership: Arakan Sahur and Ulema Regeneration in Jambi

The declining regeneration of ulema presents a serious challenge to the sustainability of Islamic education in Jambi. This study investigates how the traditional Arakan Sahur ritual, once rooted in communal religious practice, has been reframed by Kiai into a leadership strategy to prepare future scholars. Emphasizing values of togetherness, discipline, social harmony, and empowerment, Arakan Sahur is adapted within pesantren to foster students’ spiritual resilience and leadership capacity. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were collected through interviews with Kiai, students, and community leaders, alongside observations of leadership practices reflecting Arakan Sahur values. Thematic analysis, strengthened by triangulation, revealed that these values underpin an adaptive leadership model that blends local wisdom with modern approaches, including digital da’wah tools. This adaptation strengthens the relevance of Islamic education, equipping students to navigate contemporary challenges while remaining rooted in tradition. The findings affirm the importance of preserving local religious practices as dynamic resources for leadership development in pesantren. Overall, the study shows how cultural traditions can be revitalized to support sustainable ulema regeneration and contribute to educational renewal in modern Islamic contexts

Romanticism in Salafi Da\u27wah: A Cultural and Historical Perspective from West Sumatra, Indonesia

This study examines the Salafi doctrine, which emphasizes the importance of returning to the Qur’an and hadith based on the understanding of Salafus Shalih (the pious predecessors). Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the article focuses on Salafi religious practices in West Sumatra, analyzing how Salafis interpret and implement the sunnah in a contemporary context. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed by categorizing the information into subtopics to extract deeper meanings. The findings indicate that the kajian sunnah (study of the sunnah) among Salafis in West Sumatra is characterized by exclusivity, doctrinal rigidity, and a textual approach. Moreover, the study reveals that the doctrine of adhering to the understanding and practices of Salafus Shalih serves as the cornerstone of Salafi da’wah strategies. This doctrine positions the Salafus Shalih generation as the ideal model for understanding and connecting with the essence of the Qur’an and hadith. The study concludes that the romanticization of Salafus Shalih functions as a central da’wah strategy for Salafi groups, facilitating the mobilization of their religious understanding and practices within contemporary society

Biopolitics and Stunting Treatment: Barriers to Community Participation in Sambas Regency, Indonesia

Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, especially in border areas like Sambas Regency, where intervention efforts have seen limited success. This study investigates the biopolitical dimensions of stunting by highlighting the disconnect between national policies and local realities, particularly in community participation and behavioral change. Using a qualitative case study in Lela Village, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. Results indicate that low paternal involvement, reliance on traditional medicine, poor health literacy, and smoking habits hinder prevention efforts. State narratives also tend to overburden mothers while neglecting shared responsibility. Biopolitical and gender based approaches to stunting remain underexplored in Indonesia. Stunting is understood here as a complex interaction of power and knowledge that influences public perspectives and government policy. The study calls for a shift from top-down technical fixes to inclusive strategies that promote gender equity, empower communities, and adapt to socio-cultural contexts. It contributes to the discourse on public health governance by advocating participatory, context-sensitive, and transformative solutions for sustainable stunting reduction

Empowering Rural Women through Transformative Leadership: Insights from KWT Pawon Gendis

This research focuses on women\u27s empowerment in rural communities, specifically in the context of transformational leadership applied by Dwi Martuti Rahayu in KWT Pawon Gendis, a farm women\u27s group in Salakmalang Village. The issue raised is how transformational leadership can be adapted and applied in a more local social context, with the aim of exploring the dimensions of transformational leadership that are effective in empowering women in the village. This research used a qualitative approach with a case study method, with data collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation analysis. This research showed that Dwi Martuti Rahayu successfully applied four main dimensions of transformational leadership-Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Individualized Consideration, and Intellectual Stimulation, which were instrumental in increasing women\u27s capacity and participation in social and economic activities, visualised in the dynamics of her activities. The discussion shows that while transformational leadership theory is generally applied in the context of formal organizations, its application in rural communities has proven effective, with the important caveat that it must be tailored to local needs and challenges. The research make a significant contribution to the development of transformational leadership-based empowerment models in rural contexts and potentially pave the way for further research in this area