Studying the Obstacles of the Formation of Interactive Architecture Emphasizing at Virtual Reality Technology in Tabriz, Iran

For a long time, in the process of architectural design, mutual understanding between designers and users has always had problems and dilemmas, and most of these obstacles and problems were due to the lack of suitable interactive and communication tools and facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to use the inherent ability and potential of virtual reality technology in order to establish interactions and mutual and two-way communication. The present research has been carried out to investigate about the principal obstacles in the formation of interactive architecture emphasizing at the use of virtual reality technology. Considering the importance of technology in architecture, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the basic shortcomings in the formation of interactive architecture and the promotion of human interactions, emphasizing the benefit of virtual reality technology. The research method in the present research is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with practical purpose and analytical-exploratory nature, in order to analyze the information, partial least squares model was used in Warp-pls software. The findings of the research show that among the basic obstacles of the formation of interactive architecture with an emphasis on virtual reality technology, we can point out the lack of attention to architectural contexts, the lack of attention to identity building goals and the lack of complementary interaction between architecture and nature. Therefore, in order to realize interactive architecture, to improve human interactions and also to increase the sense of belonging to the place of application of virtual reality technology in all kinds of architectural designs, taking into account the design fields, it is necessary to create a relative balance between all factors and pay attention to the development in the future

Analyzing the Effect of the Interconnected Role of Educational Space on Promoting Self-Efficacy in Children Aged 3 to 6 Years (Case Study: Isfahan Fooladshahr Preschools)

A child needs a space to stimulate understanding, recognition, and self-efficacy. Educational spaces play a significant role in the development and behavior of children. If these spaces are formed with the aim of promoting self-efficacy and based on the social, emotional and behavioral needs of the child, the child's interaction with the built spaces will be compatible and understandable. Self-efficacy is directly affected by the physical environment in the integration of children's educational spaces. This research has investigated the role of children's educational environment on the self-efficacy of children aged 3 to 6 years. The theoretical propositions of this study have been investigated in the field and survey in 5 samples of preschools in Foladshahr, Isfahan. The research method of this study is combined (qualitative and quantitative) and descriptive-analytical. The map of the educational spaces under study was drawn using Autocad software, and Depth Map software was used to analyze the degree of interdependence of the spaces. The level of children's self-efficacy and the correlation coefficient between the variables were measured using data from a researcher-made questionnaire in the Pressline system through Spss software. The results of the study indicate that educational spaces have spatial interdependence differences and significant effects on children's self-efficacy in the indicators under study. Keywords: Integrity; educational spaces; self-efficacy; children; physical environmen

Evidence-Based Design in Medical Centers and the Effects on Patient Satisfaction (Case Study: Kasra Hospital in Tehran, Iran)

Evidence-based design (EBD) is a design approach that emphasizes using valid data to examine its effect on the design process. This approach is an important and growing movement towards creating a safe environment to take care of patients. The purpose of this study is to improve design principles in hospitals and medical centers based on the EBD and put patients at the center of this approach to achieve patient satisfaction. The research method is based on the bibliography studies, field observations, and data collected through the Delphi technique and questions asked from five experts in the architecture of medical spaces of Kasra hospital in Tehran, Iran using ASPECT software. According to the obtained results, threshold rate of 6, the average factors of views (3.646), nature and outdoors (3.472), comfort and control (3.913), Legibility of place (3.900), facilities (3.079) and staff (3.594) has a relatively higher average than the average, The average of privacy and participation (2.769) and interior design (2.896) is lower than average, indicating low satisfaction with the mentioned factors. Also, the average of architectural features, Interior design features, and Mental and social features are reported as 3.166, 3.309, 3.073, and 3.817, respectively, and the total average score of the number It is almost favorable, and in general, the patients' opinion about the condition of the hospital is less than satisfactory.   Keywords: Medical Centers, Evidence-Based Design, Patient Satisfaction, Kasra hospita

Proposing a Comprehensive Theoretical Training Framework (Concepts, Elements and Design Process) for Computational Design (Algorithmic, Parametric and Generative Design Systems)

In recent decades, computer technologies like computational design have made an impact on architectural design. They were first used for automation and form finding, later used for performance-based design and optimization. Computational design lead to the development of algorithmic, parametric, and generative design systems, which are now extensively used in architectural design education. According to previous studies, computational design education mainly focuses on the application of coding and related software, and theoretical knowledge of computational design not proposed and taught in a separate course before its use in the design studio. However, due to the complexities of computational design, an extensive training course is needed to fully understand its capabilities. Therefore, this research proposes a comprehensive theoretical training framework for computational design. To accomplish this objective in the first stage of this research, the current status of its training was examined, and deficiencies in computational design education have been identified through library resources. In the second stage, important concepts for comprehending computational design knowledge were examined, and in the third stage, with the goal of overcoming the deficiencies of the current educational program, a comprehensive theoretical training framework which includes two phases of 1. Learning computational design principles 2. Learning an analysis of computational design principles is proposed. The proposed program includes concepts such as definitions, types, distinctions, components and process of computational design. The findings of this study could serve as a framework for curriculum development in computational design. Keywords: Computational design, Education, Algorithmic design, Parametric design, Generative design

Structure and Meaning in the Design of Various Types of Furniture Engraved on Silver Dishes of the Sassanid Period

Based on the obtained visual evidence, the use of sofas and chairs in the ancient governments of Iran had a special design, role and importance in any period, and their practical and semantic importance can be examined from different works of art. This research aimed to identify the visual structure of the types of furniture engraved on the Sassanid period silverware and investigate the meaning and effects of the engraved designs on the furniture in order to represent the specific visual aesthetic point of view of that era. The research method of this article is fundamental in terms of its nature and descriptive-analytical in terms of its method, and the image data were selected based on the designs and shapes of the furniture engraved on the Sassanid period silverware. The results indicate that the court furniture in this period is depicted in three forms: bed or couch, mat and back, and bed and mat in the plates. and it was meant to instill the power and dignity of the king and they were executed in accordance with the occasions of war and battle and it was found that the meanings of the mentioned motifs were more important than their historical or narrative concepts. It was a sign of the power and importance of the king and the courtiers, and it was one of the means of propagandizing and spreading the Sassanid culture

Identification and Analysis of Objective Time in Historical Monument Conservation and Restoration Scientific Studies

In this article, time is recognized as a fundamental factor in the scientific and theoretical discussions of conservation and restoration. Based on theories presented from ancient to contemporary times, time is a phenomenon with scientific and philosophical dimensions that must be analyzed from various aspects for its understanding and identification. Thus, in this research, time is identified through a qualitative approach with phenomenological strategy, and while introducing its various dimensions, the objective or tangible aspect of this phenomenon in scientific studies of conservation and restoration is elaborated. Accordingly, time, in its scientific and objective dimension, manifests itself through continuity and interdependence with change and transformation, alongside the processes of deterioration of monuments and the studies of time measurement in human awareness. Therefore, time measurement experiments and determining the historical period of a monument, as well as the scientific analysis of deterioration processes to understand the altered layers of the surface in various things, represent the scientific efforts in conservation and restoration to identify the objective phenomenon of time in monument and preserve them

Comparison of the Contextual Components in Regeneration of Industrial Cavities in Tehran City

In today's era, urban development is at the cost of destruction of architectural heritage, industrial architecture, gardens, and their history. Paying attention to the context for reviving industrial tissues and cavities can be an important approach to create tissue recovery. However, contextualism can be effective in improvement, renovation, or reconstruction processes. This research seeks to know the components of contextualism that are effective in improving the dysfunctional tissues of Tehran city. This research is qualitative and quantitative method. Qualitatively, semi-structured interviews were used to extract contextual components and distributed among 28 experts using ATLASTI8 software. Quantitatively, to check effectiveness of each element in improving the texture (renovation, reconstruction), Likert scale questionnaire was given to 384 engineers and architectural designers in Tehran engineering organization. Questionnaire results were analyzed with JMPSAS17. Results showed that highest factor load in the spatial contextualism components related to good feeling of security as (1.000) and the lowest related to beauty component of the adjacent axis as (0.343). The environmental contextualism, the highest coefficient of determination is the positive influence of the surrounding environment as (0.695) and the lowest is the collective protection with prohibitions value (0.356). Socio-cultural contextualism, cultural attractiveness as (0.951), the highest factor is cultural diversity as (0.306). Physical contextualism, the highest factor contribution is related to physical beauty and physical lighting as (1.000) and the lowest to appropriate positioning as (0.511)

Rereading the Reality of Graffiti Based on Hegel’s Ideas in a Case Study from Banksy and Iranian Artists’ Works

  Hegel’s aesthetics has great potential for reading socially generated, the artwork that reflect the spirit of their times. Because of, for him, artworks are animated by an internally purposive form. He believed artifacts can’t be regarded as a living being, in fact they have a given purposive with an external function, for example machine or shoes. Of course, we don’t forget that artwork is a production of an artist’s mind and specially his/her imagination and this is an inherently infinite possibility. Thus, we want to know the statue of graffiti from Hegelian perspective, especially since it is not a simple or a homogenous phenomenon, and also the relationship between content and form in it. For this reason, we selected some works of graffiti at random to describe and analyze in this qualitative research. Considering that art is one of the stages of Geist’s self-consciousness, this could be a way to understand the relationship between beauty, social protest and collective self-consciousness in graffiti works as a whole organic and as artworks not artifacts. Because their purposive and function is as internal dynamics. &nbsp

Analysis and Evaluation of Visual Components in Environmental Graphic Design of the Hospital (Case Study: Children’s Ward of Emam Jafar Sadegh Hospital, Meybod

Objective: The purpose of writing this thesis is to analyze and evaluate the visual components in the environmental graphic design of Imam Jafar Sadegh Meybod Children's Hospital. The standards and criteria of the system defined in the design of the hospital have created difficulties in communicating between the elements in the space and human factors. Methods: In this research, with the overall goal of removing visual additions and focusing on visual components and other factors related to environmental graphics, such as facilitating communication and information, we will create a safe and relaxing environment not only for children but also for hospital staff and companions. The research method is descriptive and analytical. The method of field research is in the form of library studies, and the collection tools are direct observation of the hospital environment, interviews with children, companions and hospital personnel, and the preparation of questionnaires. Results: According to the findings and results, it can be said that a graphic designer can try to create a visual element by keeping in mind the useful visual components and their performance in the space and precision in establishing the proportion, coordination and composition of the visual elements. The graphic effect provides an ideal environment to provide a pleasant and helpful environment for all those who use the hospital space. Conclusion: With the help of graphic science and its superior components, the sensory richness of the environment can be increased. Due to the sufficient understanding of the child's developmental characteristics and the upcoming capabilities and limitations, it is possible to design an environment that matches the child's conditions

Study the Role of Culture in the Design of World Cup Mascots with Emphasis on the Mascots from 2006 to 2022

One of the significant global events that, beyond the sporting arena, has a cultural and social impact is undoubtedly the FIFA World Cup, which was first held in 1930. Nearly 95 years after the inaugural event, its audience has grown to a level where its cultural, social, and economic dimensions are just as prominent as the sporting aspect. Hosting the World Cup is perceived not only through an economic lens but also as a platform to showcase the culture of the host countries. The visual identity of the tournament, which began with the design and selection of a mascot (Willie) in the 1966 World Cup, has become the most important avenue for promoting the host culture. The mascot's identity—including its species, skin color, clothing color, and name—reflects the symbolic images or concepts of the host countries. Therefore, this study aims to analytically and descriptively examine the relationship between World Cup mascots and the culture of the host nations, using the mascots from 2006 to 2022 as case studies. This research highlights key findings, including the predominant use of national colors (colors from the flag) and the symbolic choice of animal or object that captures the essence of the host culture, offering insights into how these mascots serve as a bridge between sports and cultural representation on a global stage. In the 2006 World Cup, a lion was chosen as the mascot; in 2010, it was a cheetah; in 2014, an armadillo; in 2018, a wolf; and in 2022, a keffiyeh. Among all these animals, only the keffiyeh, a cultural item, represents the Qatar World Cup. With the exception of the 2006 World Cup in Germany, where the selected animal had no connection to the local culture and environment, the remaining mascots reflect the identity and wildlife of their respective host nations