Kriminalisasi Berlebihan (Overcriminalization) sebagai Faktor Struktural Overcrowding Lapas dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana

Artikel ini membahas permasalahan overcrowding atau kepadatan berlebih pada lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia sebagai dampak dari kebijakan kriminalisasi yang berlebihan. Kebijakan hukum pidana yang masih mengedepankan pemenjaraan terhadap pelanggaran ringan dan non-kekerasan, seperti penggunaan narkotika untuk diri sendiri, telah menyebabkan tingginya angka penghuni lembaga pemasyarakatan yang melebihi kapasitas ideal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana kebijakan kriminalisasi berlebihan diterapkan serta kontribusinya terhadap kepadatan lembaga pemasyarakatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan analisis dokumen kebijakan, data resmi lembaga pemasyarakatan, dan studi literatur akademik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas narapidana merupakan pelaku tindak pidana ringan atau pengguna narkotika dengan barang bukti dalam jumlah kecil. Kebijakan ini terbukti tidak efektif dalam menurunkan angka kejahatan, serta justru memperburuk kondisi lembaga pemasyarakatan dan menghambat proses rehabilitasi narapidana. Kesimpulannya, reformasi hukum pidana yang berorientasi pada selektivitas, proporsionalitas, serta penerapan alternatif pemidanaan seperti rehabilitasi dan keadilan restoratif menjadi langkah mendesak untuk mengatasi permasalahan kepadatan lembaga pemasyarakatan di Indonesia

Analisis Yuridis Pemberatan Pidana Terhadap Terpidana Residivis Terorisme

Sentencing does not always have a deterrent effect on the perpetrator. The large number of perpetrators who repeat their crimes is proof that the punishment imposed on them does not have a deterrent effect. There needs to be regulation regarding the repetition of criminal acts, especially regarding serious crimes such as criminal acts of terrorism. Improving criminal penalties for repeat criminals or recidivists can be used as a step to reduce and prevent repeated crimes. This research uses the Muhammad Basri case as an example of a repeat case of criminal acts of terrorism. This research aims to find out how criminal penalties are imposed on terrorist recidivists

Dissenting Opinion Pengangkatan Anak oleh Kakek Kandung Analisis Putusan Pengadilan Agama Demak No.0033/Pdt.P/2010/PA.Dmk

Adoption or what is known as adoption or tabanni is the adoption of someone else's child as their own child but the biological parents do not necessarily let go of their hands, only that they will still have a relationship with their child. According to Government Regulation no. 54 of 2007 concerning Implementation of Child Adoption. This research applies a normative juridical method (Legal Research), which is a type of research used to examine the rules or norms in positive law. After conducting this research, the results obtained were that there was a Dissenting Opinion regarding the decision in the case of appointing a grandson as an adopted child, where the opinion of the Member Judge was afraid that there would be problems regarding inheritance if it was granted and the opinion of the Chief Judge of the Panel could be granted for the benefit of the child himself, without sever the lineage relationship with the biological parents as well as the prospective adoptive parents of the same religion as the child concerned or the same religion as the biological parents of the child concerned if the child is still small

Keabsahan Pembuktian Ahli dalam Tindak Pidana Pencabulan Anak Oleh Ayah Kandung Pada Studi Putusan Nomor 22/JN/2021/MS.Aceh.

The validity in proving a crime must provide a strong belief to the judge about the truth of the evidence. This is in order to determine whether the defendant really committed the act charged or it can also be used to obtain the basis for the verdict in resolving a case. Expert testimony has the nature of validity or validity of evidence in assisting the examination in the crime of child abuse. The research will examine the validity of expert evidence in the crime of child molestation by the biological father. This study aims to determine how the validity of expert evidence in the crime of child molestation by biological fathers using descriptive-based normative juridical methods, using primary data, namely legislation, decisions and secondary data sourced from books, journals related to the validity of experts in the crime of child molestation. The problem examined in this study refers to one of the judge's considerations in Decision Number 22/JN/2021/Ms.Aceh. which states that the psychological expert is considered to have made every effort to lead the child victim to provide testimony according to the charges and the expert's testimony is ruled out. If there is doubt about the testimony presented by the expert, the Criminal Procedure Code provides room for the judge to call a second expert to be questioned to avoid in dubio pro reo in the judge's decision. If the child is a victim, the examination process must be accompanied by community counselors and social workers who have the competence and profession of social work and expertise. Based on this, expert evidence and psychological experts are needed in the examination of the crime of child abuse

Liability For Processing Personal Data At Private Universities Related to Personal Data Protection Based On Indonesian Law

Technological advances are like two sides of a coin that have several conditions that are not only beneficial but need to be aware of the dangers, one of which is data leakage. Data leakage does not always occur intentionally, it can occur due to the negligence of a software itself due to the weakness of its device security system. Personal data is crucial in this era of digitalization, which all of them need, including in educational institutions such as private universities. Foundations and Private Universities have a legal relationship as stipulated in the Foundation Law adjusted to the agreement made by both. Foundations and Private Universities have their respective portions in terms of their duties, functions, authorities, and responsibilities including in the management of personal data if there is a data leak who is the data controller and data processor. The type of research used is doctrinal law through the search for library materials and secondary data consisting of primary documents, secondary legal documents and non-legal documents. The research conducted will later examine the relevant legislation that regulates associated with the legal issues raised whether appropriate or not in its implementation. The results showed that based on the legal relationship, the Foundation as a controller of personal data and the Cooperative as a personal data processor. Both have their respective portions of responsibility and if there is a data leak, the responsibility is borne by the foundation stakeholder as the controller of personal data and the corporation as the beneficiary

Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Calon Notaris dalam Menjaga Kerahasiaan Pembuatan Akta dalam Optik Kepastian Hukum

In functional subjectivity in law, a person who is a notary in criminal or civil and administrative matters due to the impact of not being able to maintain the confidentiality of the making of a deed can be associated through laws that are related to preventive legal protection for notaries. The aim of writing this scientific work is to analyze legal accountability. notary candidates in maintaining the confidentiality of deed making in the optics of legal certainty. The research method used is the Normative Juridical method, with a statutory and conceptual approach. The types of legal materials are primary, secondary and tertiary using literature study techniques to search for legal materials. Analysis techniques for systematic interpretation of legal materials. The results obtained are efforts to protect the legal liability of prospective notaries in maintaining confidentiality making deeds in the optics of legal certainty contained in preventive law which has 2 (two) aspects, namely the internal aspect preventive legal protection in the form of considering worker qualifications, increasing supervision, making work agreements and repression. On the side externally, there are special provisions in the UUJN regarding the position of workers as an instrument witness. Repressive legal protection in the form of filing criminal cases and civil lawsuits. The existence of repressive efforts constitutes mitigation efforts, meaning that these efforts are emphasized more in the event of a lossborne by the Notar

Perlindungan Melalui Hukum Pidana Terhadap Kerahasiaan Identitas Diri Anak Korban

Sexual violence reported in print and online media has both negative and positive impacts on victims of sexual violence. The identity of child victims must be kept confidential from the public. A child's identity that is not kept confidential can have a negative impact on child victims, especially child victims of sexual violence. The name of the Child Victim, which should be kept confidential, can be found in the Court Decision which can be accessed on the Supreme Court Directory Website (putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id). The decision mentions details about the incident of sexual violence that is directly related to the Child Victim of sexual violence. For violation of this prohibition, the perpetrator should be subject to punishment according to applicable regulations

Analisis Obstruction Of Justice dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana

The aim of this research is to analyze obstruction of justice from a criminal law perspective. The type of legal research method used in this research is a normative research method. The approach methods that will be applied are the Statute Approach and the Case Approach. The data collection technique uses library research (normative legal research) which focuses on secondary data, so the author conducted research on laws and government regulations relating to this research. Data collection tools in normative juridical research come from secondary data with the aim of obtaining concepts, theories and information as well as conceptual thoughts from previous researchers in the form of statutory regulations, scientific works, journals and others. The data analysis technique begins with examining the collected data, then conducting direct and directed interviews, then conducting qualitative data analysis, that is, the data obtained is arranged systematically and then analyzed qualitatively in the form of rules. The results of this research found that the criminal act of obstruction of justice as regulated in the provisions of Article 21 Article 21 of Law no.31 of 1999 Jo Law no. 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes and Article 22 of Law no. 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking is a crime in which the perpetrator commits acts by obstructing the justice process against laws that are actually clear and against law enforcement such as giving false information, committing violence, destroying evidence, premeditated crimes and make threats. As stated in Article 221 paragraph (1), the Criminal Code threatens with criminal penalties for anyone who hides or helps someone who commits a crime so that the person avoids investigation or detention. In the criminal act of obstructing the legal process (obstruction of justice) apart from being viewed from the act which contains a mistake on the part of the perpetrator which must be considered as intentional as intended, and the act is clearly in conflict with the applicable laws and regulations then the act can be is said to be a criminal act/criminal act

Permohonan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja oleh Pekerja/Buruh Karena Dirumahkan Tanpa Upah Lebih dari Tiga Bulan (Analisis Putusan Nomor: 398/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2021/PN. JKT. PST): (Analysis Verdict Number : 398/Pdt.Sus-PHI/2021/PN. JKT. PST )

At the end of 2020, to be precise in November 2020, the government passed Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Several months later, namely in February 2021, the government stipulated implementing regulations for Law Number 11 of 2020, namely Government Regulation Number 35 of 2020 concerning Specific Time Work Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Time and Rest Time, as well as Termination of Employment Relations. People infected by the COVID-19 outbreak continue to increase every day, and the number of deaths due to the COVID-19 outbreak continues to increase. The Central Government and Regional Governments have issued policies to prevent and overcome the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak, namely by implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) and Implementing Community Activity Restrictions (PPKM). With the implementation of PSBB and PPKM by the government, several sectors, especially the accommodation provision sector, tourism businesses, food and beverage businesses, real estate, and construction experienced direct impacts as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the existence of PSBB and PPKM. The tourism sector, especially hotels, experienced a decline in income due to the lack of overnight guests, forcing entrepreneurs to lay off workers without providing wages to reduce expenses and save company finances. This thesis research analyzes the impact caused by laying off workers/laborers without being paid wages and legal considerations regarding the decision of the Industrial Relations Court at the Central Jakarta District Court with case number: 398/Pdt. Sus PHI/2021/PN. JKT. PST. The purpose of this decision analysis is to find out requests for termination of employment (PHK) by workers or employees due to being laid off for more than three months without wages based on Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation.Pemerintah di penghujung tahun 2020 tepatnya pada bulan November 2020 mengesahkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja, beberapa bulan kemudian yaitu pada bulan Februari tahun 2021 Pemerintah menetapkan peraturan pelaksana dari Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020, yaitu Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2021 tentang Perjanjian Kerja Waktu Tertentu, Pengalihdayaan, Waktu Kerja, dan Waktu Istirahat, serta Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja). Pada 11 Maret 2020, organisasi kesehatan dunia Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) menyatakan COVID- 19 sebagai Pandemi Global, dan pada tanggal 13 April 2020, Pemerintah Indonesia menerbitkan Keputusan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 12 Tahun 2020 tentang Penetapan Bencana Non alam Penyebaran Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) sebagai Bencana Nasional. Orang yang terinfeksi wabah Covid-19 setiap harinya terus meningkat, serta jumlah kematian akibat wabah Covid-19 terus bertambah. Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Dareah mengeluarkan kebijakan untuk mencegah dan menanggulangi penyebaran wabah COVID-19, yaitu dengan menerapkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) dan Pemberlakuan Pembatasan Kegiatan Masyarakat (PPKM). Dengan adanya PSBB dan PPKM oleh Pemerintah, beberapa sektor terutama sektor penyediaan akomodasi, usaha pariwisata, usaha makanan dan minuman, real estate, dan konstruksi, mengalami dampak langsung sebagai dampak pandemi Covid-19 dan adanya PSBB dan PPKM. Sektor pariwisata khususnya hotel mengalami penurunan pendapatan akibat minimnya tamu yang menginap sehingga memaksa pengusaha untuk merumahkan pekerja/pekerjanya tanpa memberikan upah untuk mengurangi pengeluaran dan menghemat keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian tesis ini menganalisis dampak yang timbul akibat pekerja/buruh dirumahkan tanpa diberi upah dan pertimbangan hukum atas putusan Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial pada Pengadilan Negeri Jakarta Pusat dengan nomor perkara: 398/Pdt. Sus PHI/2021/PN. JKT. PST. Tujuan analisis keputusan ini adalah untuk mengetahui Permohonan Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja (PHK) oleh Pekerja/Pekerja karena dirumahkan lebih dari tiga bulan tanpa upah berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja

Perlindungan Hak Individu Melalui Pendekatan Lex Favor Reo Di Sistem Hukum Pidana

Individual rights are the personal rights of Indonesian citizens in the eyes of the law, including within the criminal law system. The criminal law system in Indonesia recognizes "lex favor reo" as one of the principles in the imposition of criminal punishment. However, Indonesia has undergone a transition from the old Criminal Code (resulting from concordance) to the new Criminal Code as the national Criminal Code. The purpose of this research is to analyze the protection of individual rights with a lex favor reo approach in the criminal law system. The research method used is normative research with a legal approach and the collection of legal materials through library research for descriptive analysis. The results of this research show that Indonesia has protected individual rights in the national Criminal Code as human rights. Furthermore, with the implementation of the new Criminal Code, the principle of lex favor reo, namely the lex favor reo principle, will be resolved based on corrective justice, where criminal sanctions contained in the old Criminal Code are designed to be oriented towards the recovery or compensation for victims of criminal acts. Although there are criminal sanctions, the criminal sanctions in the new Criminal Code also constructively embody the "spirit" of corrective justice