American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS)
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    1990 research outputs found

    Moving the Agriculture Value Chain Forward in Nigeria: A Review of Digital Technology Trends in Financing Agriculture

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    Nigeria’s telecommunication industry has developed since the privatization of the telecommunication industry in the early dispensation of the Fourth Republic in 1999. It has positive transformational development of some sectors of the economy with an impact on the growth, and improving the effectiveness and efficiency of businesses in banking and finance, oil and gas, taxation, and energy sectors with reliance on the development of software and programs and hardware. The neglect of digital technology for an internet economy in the agriculture sector financing can be argued to be a contributor to the negative effect of the overall social system in Nigeria. If there is an increase in digital technology financial services for the agricultural sector in the rural areas in Nigeria, then there will be an increase in agricultural financing agricultural productivity, and agricultural performance. The objectives of this paper are - 1. To examine the problems of digital technology limiting financial agricultural funds in private, public, and international financial institutions and agencies and agricultural sector productivity. 2. To identify the research gaps in digital technology financial services that limit agricultural funding in Nigeria. This paper is structured around multidimensional approaches with emphasis on the theories of development which include the Big Man Theory of Thomas Carlyle, the Management Theory of Frederick Taylor, the Structural Functional Theory of Talcott Parson and Robert K Merton, the Modernization Theory of Emile Durkheim, the Human Needs Theory of David McClelland and Maslow, and Integration Theory of Niemann and Bergmann. The method used for data collection is a secondary source and is based on the review of two journal papers and two international conferences published in journals and academic websites related to financing agriculture and seven digital technology papers that relate to the problem of financial exclusion for agricultural smallholder farmers.The findings reveal a lack of a structural framework that supports developed software and hardware and a lack of a universal API that provides financial services to marginalized rural farmers in rural areas. The absence of checks and balances in accounting and the absence of agricultural extension workers limits the services of monitoring and evaluation of agricultural funds and smallholder farmers. It is recommended that digital technology be applied to provide financial inclusion for marginalized farmers in rural areas.

    Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Enhanced Personalization and Customer Experience in E-Commerce Platforms

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    Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the e-commerce industry by enabling unprecedented levels of personalization and enhancing customer experiences. This paper explores how AI technologies, such as machine learning, natural language processing (NLP), computer vision, and recommendation systems, are being leveraged to tailor e-commerce interactions to individual customer preferences and behaviors. Key personalization strategies include dynamic content adaptation, customized product recommendations, and personalized marketing campaigns. AI-powered chatbots, virtual assistants, and predictive analytics are transforming customer service, making it more efficient and responsive. Case studies from leading e-commerce platforms like Amazon and Netflix illustrate the practical applications and benefits of AI, including increased conversion rates, improved customer loyalty, and enhanced operational efficiency. The paper also addresses challenges such as data privacy, algorithm bias, and integration with existing systems. Looking forward, the integration of AI with emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) promises to further innovate the e-commerce landscape. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future prospects of AI in enhancing personalization and customer experience in e-commerce

    Technical-Economical Comparison of Irrigation Method Replacement on the Irrigation Systems Subject to Rehabilitation

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    In contemporary conditions the existing Program for Rehabilitation of Irrigation Systems is widely spread in Georgia. In the project tasks, as a rule, notwithstanding the natural-climatic conditions and without justification of the necessity, there is requested reviewing of possibility to replace the gravity irrigation by drip irrigation. The article is dedicated to the appropriateness of such replacement in the course of rehabilitation of irrigation systems. To identify economic efficiency of such requirement, there has been reviewed one of the distributors of the general irrigation system, where the gravity irrigation is to be replaced by drip irrigation. For the both methods there are determined capital and operating costs and there are calculated the values of Pure Net Variation. It has been found that such replacement during the rehabilitation conditions is economically unjustified and is appropriate only when water shortage in a feeding source

    Gamma Cameras: Exploring the Technology, Applications, and Future Prospects

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    Gamma cameras, pivotal in nuclear medicine imaging, provide crucial insights into the physiological functions of organs and tissues. This study delves into the technology behind gamma cameras, their applications, and future prospects. Gamma rays, high-energy electromagnetic radiation, are detected and converted into images by gamma cameras. The research combined field observations at a tertiary hospital’s Nuclear Medicine Centre with a comprehensive literature review. Direct interactions with medical professionals and observations of gamma camera procedures provided practical insights into the operational principles and clinical applications. Gamma cameras, evolving from early scintillation counters to modern digital detectors, consist of key components like collimators, scintillators, photomultiplier tubes, and advanced imaging software. These devices are integral in diagnosing and monitoring conditions in cardiology, oncology, neurology, endocrinology, and orthopedics. Technological advancements, such as solid-state detectors, multi-pinhole collimators, and AI-enhanced image processing, have significantly improved image quality, diagnostic accuracy, and patient safety. Future prospects include personalized medicine, molecular imaging, AI and machine learning integration, multi-modal imaging, and theranostics, promising enhanced diagnostic precision and treatment outcomes. This study underscores the evolving capabilities of gamma cameras and their indispensable role in modern healthcare

    The Effect of Stakeholders Management on the Relationship between Organizational Characteristics and Performance of Seaports in Africa

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    The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of stakeholders’ management on the relationship between organizational characteristics and performance of seaports from Anglophone Africa. This study adopted positivist research philosophy with descriptive cross-sectional census survey design. Structured questions in form of questionnaires were employed to collect primary data targeting executive managers of container handling seaport terminals in Anglophone Africa who are conversant with port operations and management. Additional published data also obtained from websites of some of the ports. The response rate was 83.6%. Reliability and validity for the indicator items were ascertained through diagnostic tests. Model fitness was confirmed by use of SRMR and NFI. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling using Smart PLS 4.0 software was used for data analysis and to test hypothesis that there is no significant moderating effect of stakeholders’ management on the relationship between organizational characteristics and the performance of seaports in Anglophone Africa. The finding established positive and significant moderating effect of stakeholders’ management on the relationship. The study concluded that sound and competent stakeholders’ management enhances seaport container terminal performance thereby creating competitive advantage for ports in Anglophone Africa. The study adds to new knowledge, theory, policy and practice by recommending that seaports in Anglophone Africa should mitigate on possible conflicts from stakeholders while developing new ports or expanding existing ports by adopting stakeholder theory.

    PET/CT Scan: Bridging Metabolic and Anatomical Imaging

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    Positron Emission Tomography combined with Computed Tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a transformative imaging modality in medical diagnostics, particularly in oncology, neurology, and cardiology. By merging PET's functional imaging with CT's anatomical precision, PET/CT provides unparalleled insights into the body's metabolic and structural aspects, facilitating accurate disease detection, characterization, and staging. This study employs a comprehensive approach, incorporating direct observations at a leading PET/CT center, expert interviews, and an extensive literature review. Key findings reveal the fundamental properties of positrons and their application in PET imaging, tracing the evolution of PET/CT technology from its inception to its current state. Detailed descriptions of PET/CT components, including the PET scanner's radiopharmaceuticals and detector systems and the CT scanner's X-ray generation and detection mechanisms, underscore the technological sophistication of this hybrid imaging modality. The operational mechanism of PET/CT, from radiopharmaceutical administration to image fusion, highlights its capability to provide comprehensive diagnostic information. Clinical applications demonstrate PET/CT's vital role in oncology for tumor detection and staging, in neurology for brain disorder evaluation, and in cardiology for assessing myocardial perfusion and viability. Despite challenges such as high costs and radiation exposure, advancements in radiopharmaceuticals and hybrid imaging technologies, such as PET/MRI, promise to enhance PET/CT's clinical utility. As PET/CT continues to evolve, it stands as a cornerstone of modern diagnostic imaging, significantly impacting personalized medicine by offering new avenues for disease detection and treatment

    Cracked Tooth Syndrome Review

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    Review Objective: The treatment of fractured tooth syndrome (CTS) is extremely challenging, primarily because it requires precise pre-restorative diagnosis and decision-making. This paper examines treatment methods for teeth affected by CTS and proposes a pertinent clinical decision tree. Recent advancements have revealed that CTS is characterized by the occurrence of incomplete fractures in the original crowns of teeth. The choice of preparation method and direct or indirect restorative procedures significantly impacts the long-term outlook for the tooth. Nevertheless, the complex causes, intricate diagnosis, and subjective choices regarding preparation provide difficulties in therapeutic care. Therefore, an informed decision tree's guidance becomes crucial. This decision tree should give primary importance to the logical preservation of tooth structure, the optimization of preparatory processes, and the careful assessment of restorative implications and choices. The diagnosis and choices made before restoring the tooth have a significant impact on the complex process of caring for cracked tooth syndrome (CTS). This review examines treatment techniques for teeth impacted by CTS and presents a relevant clinical decision tree.  Conclusion: Tackling the reparative needs of CTS requires a methodical approach. Implementing an informative and universally applicable decision tree can greatly improve daily clinical practice

    The Evolution of China’s Wolf Warrior Diplomacy

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    "Wolf warrior" diplomacy, a term derived from a series of popular Chinese patriotic action films, encapsulates a new assertive and confrontational style of Chinese diplomacy that emerged prominently in the late 2010s. This style has been characterized by an assertive defense of China's national interests and a proactive stance in international relations, marked by confrontational rhetoric and the strategic use of social media. The evolution of wolf warrior diplomacy can be traced through three main stages: the pre-pandemic period (2012-2019), the pandemic period (2020-2022), and the post-pandemic phase (2023-present). This paper employs critical discourse analysis to examine the speeches and public statements of Chinese officials, revealing wolf warrior diplomacy as a strategic communication effort that emphasizes China's diplomatic presence, global engagement, and assertive positions on sovereignty and regional stability. The findings highlight the complex interplay between nationalism, digital diplomacy, and China's broader geopolitical strategy under Xi Jinping's leadershi

    The Impact of Histotripsy Technique in Tumor Ablation - a Systematic Review

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    According to a study conducted in the U.S., cancer affects more than 700,000 individuals worldwide each year, with 35,660 new cases diagnosed in the U.S. in 2015 alone. However, there are only a few standard treatment choices, which include radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. This systematic review report on the impact of histotripsy in tumor ablation. In this paper, the effectiveness, safety and advantages of histotripsy compared to other methods are explored. A search was done on ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases for articles published from the date of inception of the databases to 21st March 2023. Reference lists of identified studies were also screened. Non-duplicate articles were identified, and 12 articles were included for thematic analysis. During the analysis, different effects of histotripsy were categorized. This categorization led to the realization of the effectiveness, immunological effects, safety and advantages of histotripsy compared to the therapeutic options. Histotripsy is effective and safe treatment for various types of cancer, including cholangiocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, osteosarcoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)

    Biomass and Carbon of Trees and Shrubs in the Commune of Mbunya in the City of Bunia, Ituri Province, DRC

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    The aim of this study of trees in the MBUNYA commune is to assess the diversity of trees and their role in improving the urban environment. The itinerant survey method was used to identify trees along 19 avenues.  During the survey, the DBH and height of trees with DBH ? 10 cm were recorded. We then assessed the biomass of the individuals using generic allometric equations for urban trees. The analyses revealed 1,689 individuals, divided into 36 species and 21 families. The average above-ground biomass for the neighbourhoods studied was 1366.14±710.106 (CV: 51.98%), corresponding to an average of 683.075 ± 355.053 kg of sequestered carbon. The total above-ground biomass of the areas surveyed amounts to 5464.6 kg of dry matter, which corresponds to a sequestered carbon stock of 2732.3 kg, with a CO2 equivalent of 10119.63 kg. The values of these parameters vary from one neighbourhood to another and from one avenue to another

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