La storia dell’educazione tra bilanci storiografici, prospettive metodologiche e visioni comparative: la costruzione di un’agenda condivisa tra Italia e Argentina (Macerata, 16-17 settembre 2024)

This contribution aims to retrace the results of the 1st Italian-Argentine Workshop on the History of Education held at the University of Macerata on 16 and 17 September 2024, entitled: The history of education between historiographical assessments, methodological perspectives and comparative visions: the construction of a shared agenda between Italy and Argentina. The workshop was organized by the Center for Documentation and Research on the History of School Books and Children’s Literature (CESCO) of the University of Macerata and by the Argentine Society for Research and Teaching in the History of Education (SAIEHE), with the patronage of the Italian Center for Historical-Educational Research (CIRSE) and the Italian Society for the Study of Historical-Educational Heritage (SIPSE). This important scientific meeting sought to establish lasting academic ties between scholars and researchers from both countries, with the aim of promoting historical studies in the educational field, sharing historiographical assessments, methodological lines, archival excavations and comparative visions between the two academic traditions.This contribution aims to retrace the results of the 1st Italian-Argentine Workshop on the History of Education held at the University of Macerata on 16 and 17 September 2024, entitled: The history of education between historiographical assessments, methodological perspectives and comparative visions: the construction of a shared agenda between Italy and Argentina. The workshop was organized by the Center for Documentation and Research on the History of School Books and Children’s Literature (CESCO) of the University of Macerata and by the Argentine Society for Research and Teaching in the History of Education (SAIEHE), with the patronage of the Italian Center for Historical-Educational Research (CIRSE) and the Italian Society for the Study of Historical-Educational Heritage (SIPSE). This important scientific meeting sought to establish lasting academic ties between scholars and researchers from both countries, with the aim of promoting historical studies in the educational field, sharing historiographical assessments, methodological lines, archival excavations and comparative visions between the two academic traditions

La révolution américaine sous le prisme du peuplement

This article analyses the recent historiography of the American Revolution to assess the impact and the relevance of the concept of settler colonialism that has taken American history by storm in the last twenty years. Settler colonialism contributes, along with Atlantic history, continental history and the history of slavery, to decentering traditional exceptionalist narratives of the emergence of American independence and the formation of the US Republic, away from the intellectual elites of the cities of the Atlantic seaboard and onto the borderlands and contested spaces of power on the margins of established settlements, where violence and competition amongst Europeans and indigenous nations were constant. It highlights the longue durée of land appropriation before, during and after the Revolution, and the centrality of property formation in the common interests shared by American revolutionaries beyond the established borders of their states. This paper argues however for a historicized and highly contextualizedapproach to settler colonialism, as opposed to the sweeping generalizations that its ideological potency at times encourages.Cet article analyse l’historiographie récente de la Révolution américaine pour mesurer l’impact et la pertinence du concept de la colonisation de peuplement qui s’impose peu à peu en histoire américaine depuis les vingt dernières années. Comme l’histoire atlantique de l’époque moderne, l’histoire continentale de l’Amérique et l’histoire de l’esclavage, la perspective du peuplement contribue à décentrer les récits traditionnellement exceptionnalistes de la Révolution américaine et de la création de la république étatsunienne par les élites intellectuelles des villes de la côte est, pour concentrer l’analyse sur les zones de contact dans les marges des colonies établies, là où la compétition violente entre Européens et autochtones a perduré, avant et après le conflit révolutionnaire lui-même. Il s’agit de faire apparaître clairement la longue durée de l’appropriation territoriale comme l’un des éléments du conflit, et d’insister sur la centralité de la propriété individuelle et du peuplement dans les intérêts partagés des révolutionnaires américains, par-delà les frontières établies de leurs états respectifs. L’argument central de cet article reste néanmoins que le peuplement est un processus qui doit historicisé et étudié dans chaque zone où il fut mis en oeuvre, pour éviter les généralisations et faire ressortir les intérêts particuliers des colons en rébellion

La chiesa di Petrus e Johanna: nuove proposte su Santa Maria in Pallara a Roma / The church of Petrus and Johanna: new proposals on Santa Maria in Pallara in Rome

The church of S. Maria in Pallara on the Palatine has always attracted the attention of scholars for its uniqueness among the 10th century Roman paintings, for its unknown patron and for his innovative iconographic choices. This essay, through the study of various descriptions and Antonio Eclissis’watercolors, proposes an overall reconstruction of the paintings on the side walls and, therefore, of the personalities behind their patronage. The new proposals aim to reintegrate the monument within the long history of Roman Early Middle Ages wall painting to highlight its inspiring models, its possible comparisons and, above all, its relationship with the cultural and religious environment of the 10th century, and the unexpected activism of women as patron.La chiesa di S. Maria in Pallara sul Palatino ha sempre attirato l’attenzione degli studiosi per la sua unicità tra le pitture del X secolo romano, per il suo ignoto committente e per le sue innovative scelte iconografiche. Questo saggio, tramite lo studio di varie descrizioni e degli acquerelli di Antonio Eclissi, propone una ricostruzione complessiva delle pitture delle pareti laterali e, quindi, delle personalità alla base della loro committenza. Le nuove proposte mirano a reintegrare il monumento all’interno della lunga storia della pittura parietale dell’Alto Medioevo romano per evidenziare i suoi modelli ispiratori, i suoi possibili confronti e, soprattutto, il suo rapporto con l’ambiente culturale e religioso del X secolo e l’inaspettato attivismo delle donne come committenti. The church of S. Maria in Pallara on the Palatine has always attracted the attention of scholars for its uniqueness among the 10th century Roman paintings, for its unknown patron and for his innovative iconographic choices. This essay, through the study of various descriptions and Antonio Eclissis’watercolors, proposes an overall reconstruction of the paintings on the side walls and, therefore, of the personalities behind their patronage. The new proposals aim to reintegrate the monument within the long history of Roman Early Middle Ages wall painting to highlight its inspiring models, its possible comparisons and, above all, its relationship with the cultural and religious environment of the 10th century, and the unexpected activism of women as patron

Fonti per la storia della scolarizzazione etnica in Brasile. Le scuole italiane nello Stato di San Paolo secondo Arturo Magnocavallo

Ethnic schooling constitutes one of the least explored fields of investigation in historiography. However, in recent years, driven by the increase in transnational approaches to historical-educational research, there has been an increase in studies and the availability of documentary heritage useful for launching in-depth investigations into the development of schools in migratory contexts. Among them, that relating to the Brazilian state of São Paulo, where hundreds of thousands of Italian migrants flowed between the end of the nineteenth and the early decades of the twentieth century, deserves particular attention. The report transcribed below, written by Arturo Magnocavallo after a specific mission to sound out the conditions for the foundation of a secondary school, offers us a significant cross-section of the Italian school reality in the São Paulo context at the beginning of the twentieth century.Ethnic schooling constitutes one of the least explored fields of investigation in historiography. However, in recent years, driven by the increase in transnational approaches to historical-educational research, there has been an increase in studies and the availability of documentary heritage useful for launching in-depth investigations into the development of schools in migratory contexts. Among them, that relating to the Brazilian state of São Paulo, where hundreds of thousands of Italian migrants flowed between the end of the nineteenth and the early decades of the twentieth century, deserves particular attention. The report transcribed below, written by Arturo Magnocavallo after a specific mission to sound out the conditions for the foundation of a secondary school, offers us a significant cross-section of the Italian school reality in the São Paulo context at the beginning of the twentieth century

The articulation of formal, informal, and non-formal education in Piracicaba-Brazil (1880-1910)

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, there were social, political, cultural,and educational transformations in Brazil due to the end of the Empire and thebeginning of the Republic. In Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, formal, non-formal, andinformal education developed in an intertwined and unique way, with the participation ofdifferent sectors of society, in constructing and consolidating the republican regime and alocal identity. This article reveals some agents and institutions involved in this process andparallels at the national and international levels. The research is based on the PedagogicalMunicipality historiographical category, which helps us develop a meta-history, with amezo approach, using national, regional, and local sources in dialogue with national andinternational literature

«In 1895, in a damp old sacristy in Mompiano…». The image of the Agazzi infant school on Italian national television

This study examines the documentary Il significato attuale del metodoagazziano [The Contemporary Meaning of the Agazzi Method], broadcast by Rai in 1979.After outlining the key stages in the early childhood education experiment conducted inBrescia by the sisters Rosa and Carolina Agazzi, with the support of their mentor PietroPasquali, the research reviews the historical backdrop to the decision to use televisionto introduce the Agazzis’ educational project to a wider and more diverse audience thanthat previously targeted by the specialist literature. Further analysis is devoted to how thetelevision program presented and interpreted this piece of national history, and how itproved largely successful in bridging the gap between past and present. Overall, the studydraws out the vivid image of the Agazzi infant school conveyed by the documentary whileprompting reflection on various aspects of school memory

Starting from a leibnizian unpublished writing. Interpretation and educational proposal by Umberto Margiotta

This article is about the analysis and translation of an unpublished Leibniz by Umberto Margiotta. It is a little-known text but of great importance not only from the point of view of the history of education but also from that of the epistemology of training. The interest in Margiotta’s work on the Leibnizian Confession is born in relation to its hermeneutic key: an epistemological formative, which opens up spaces for reflection on the educational question of the present in comparison with the strategic gaze of one of the most original thinkers of Modernity. In the mid-eighties of the last century, the Italian scholar dedicated himself to the translation (from Latin) and interpretation of the short writing of the German philosopher and scientist to emphasize the emergence, in the dialogic form of the text, of the necessity of the Method. Educational research needs, to be effective, logical foundations that also assume an ethical value, since they outline the role of the human being in the order of the universe and place him in a position to choose and decide on the direction of his probable action. Hence the deep sense of responsibility that freedom has its raison d’être, a wonderful synthesis of Leibniz’s lesson on the meaning of the human in its essential relationship with the divine.&nbsp

La siderurgia italiana nella globalizzazione (1970-2000). Crisi e resilienza

Focusing on the last three decades of the twentieth century, this paper examines the Italian steelindustry within a broader international context. After providing an overview of the steel industry in the leading Western European countries, the paper explores the growth patterns of the sector in Italy and its relationship with the country’s broader development. The role of national and European economic and industrial policies, public sector involvement, and the dynamics between the state and the market are then discussed. Adopting a business history perspective, some company case studies are analyzed. The conclusion highlights key issues that have emerged, followed by an overall assessment of this concluded phase, with an emphasis on its legacy and long-term impact into the twenty-first century.Focusing on the last three decades of the twentieth century, this paper examines the Italian steelindustry within a broader international context. After providing an overview of the steel industry in the leading Western European countries, the paper explores the growth patterns of the sector in Italy and its relationship with the country’s broader development. The role of national and European economic and industrial policies, public sector involvement, and the dynamics between the state and the market are then discussed. Adopting a business history perspective, some company case studies are analyzed. The conclusion highlights key issues that have emerged, followed by an overall assessment of this concluded phase, with an emphasis on its legacy and long-term impact into the twenty-first century

La risposta debole: la Cee e la crisi navalmeccanica negli anni Settanta

During the 1960s, the first European shipbuilding crisis manifested itself in peculiar forms, which European institutions failed to interpret correctly. In the following decades, the many players active within the maritime market faced the transition towards a market post-fordist organization by following different, and partly conflicting, paths. At the same time, strong local interests in maritime regions began to react to the liberalist approach adopted by the EEC, and each nation-state dealt with the social consequences of the crisis differently. In practice, the different projects developed by the European Economic Community in an attempt to manage the shipbuilding crisis within a unified framework produced the opposite effect, when the strength of local interests succeeded in pushing some national governments to implement sector policies not only divergent from the Community’s indications, but also in opposition to those adopted by other member states.During the 1960s, the first European shipbuilding crisis manifested itself in peculiar forms, which European institutions failed to interpret correctly. In the following decades, the many players active within the maritime market faced the transition towards a market post-fordist organization by following different, and partly conflicting, paths. At the same time, strong local interests in maritime regions began to react to the liberalist approach adopted by the EEC, and each nation-state dealt with the social consequences of the crisis differently. In practice, the different projects developed by the European Economic Community in an attempt to manage the shipbuilding crisis within a unified framework produced the opposite effect, when the strength of local interests succeeded in pushing some national governments to implement sector policies not only divergent from the Community’s indications, but also in opposition to those adopted by other member states

Lo spazio europeo. Verso un sistema sovranazionale di innovazione, 1952-2022

The article outlines the evolution of the European research system from 1952 to 2022. It begins with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community, the first organisation to promote research on a European scale, and ends with the introduction of the EU Chips Act, legislation intended to transform European research through a more mission-oriented approach. Between these two milestones lies a long journey spanning seven decades, from the challenging early days of collaboration to the establishment of a supranational innovation system. While this path was driven by the needs of the community of European countries, the article argues that its development was often determined by external factors.The article outlines the evolution of the European research system from 1952 to 2022. It begins with the establishment of the European Coal and Steel Community, the first organisation to promote research on a European scale, and ends with the introduction of the EU Chips Act, legislation intended to transform European research through a more mission-oriented approach. Between these two milestones lies a long journey spanning seven decades, from the challenging early days of collaboration to the establishment of a supranational innovation system. While this path was driven by the needs of the community of European countries, the article argues that its development was often determined by external factors