Etxeko lanengatiko konpentsazio ekonomikoa: Kode Zibileko 1438. artikulua aztergai

Lan honen helburua KZeko 1438. artikuluak aurreikusten duen etxeko lanengatiko konpentsazio ekonomikoaren azterketa egitea da. Horretarako, jurisprudentziak araua nola interpretatu duen aztertuko da eta, baita ere, interpretazio horren aurrean doktrinak hartutako jarrera. Ikusiko dugun legez, arauaren aplikazioak ikuspuntu eta iritzi kontrajarriak eragiten ditu eta ez da beti erraza jakitea noiz eta zenbateko konpentsazioa sor daitekeen kasu bakoitzean. Izan ere, araua ez da nahikoa argia, ez baititu irizpiderik ematen konpentsazio-eskubidea noiz sortzen den zehaztu ahal izateko

Cerebrovascular reactivity mapping using breath-hold BOLD-fMRI: comparison of signal models combined with voxelwise lag optimization

Published: 01 July 2025Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) can be mapped noninvasively using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) fMRI during a breath-hold (BH) task. Previous studies showed that the BH BOLD response is best modeled as the convolution of the partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 (PetCO2) with a canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF). However, previous model comparisons employed a global bulk time lag, which is now well accepted to provide only a rough approximation of the heterogeneous distribution of response latencies across the brain. Here, we investigate the best modeling approach for mapping CVR based on BH BOLD-fMRI data, when using a lagged general linear model approach for voxelwise lag optimization. In a group of fourteen healthy participants, we compared two types of regressors (PetCO2 and Block), and three convolution models (no convolution; convolution with a single gamma HRF; and convolution with a double gamma HRF), as well as a range of HRF delays and dispersions (for models with convolution). Convolution with a single gamma HRF yielded the greatest CVR values in PetCO2 models, while a double gamma HRF performed better for block models. Although PetCO2-based regressors generally outperformed block-based regressors, as expected, the latter may be an appropriate alternative in cases of poor CO2 recordings. Overall, our results support the use of specific modeling approaches for CVR mapping based on end-expiration BH BOLD-fMRI, including the voxelwise optimization of the lag.This work was supported by the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through the grants PTDC/EMD-EMD/29675/2017, LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-029675, UIDB/50009/2020 and by project reference: 2022.11658.BD, and DOI identifier: https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.11658.BD and the Basque Government BERC 2022-2025 program, the Spanish State Research Agency through BCBL Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation CEX2020- 001010/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and the project PID2023-149410OB-100 funded by MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, EU

Adimen artifiziala giza baliabideen aukeraketa prozesuan: pertsonalitate test-ak

Lanak, Adimen artifiziala (AA) giza baliabideen kudeaketan iraultza nola egiten ari den aztertzen du, talentuaren hautaketan zentratuz. AAk hautagaiak identifikatzeko, gaitasunak ebaluatzeko eta datuetan oinarritutako erabakiak hartzeko duen eragina aztertzen du, eta prozesua eraginkorragoa eta zehatzagoa izateko duen ahalmena nabarmentzen du. Gainera, langileak hautatzeko funtsezko zereginak optimizatzen dituen laguntzaile birtual bat diseinatzea planteatzen da, hura ezartzearen onurei eta mugei buruz gogoeta eginez

Characterization of visual cognition in pre-manifest, manifest and reduced penetrance Huntington’s disease

Cognitive and visual impairment are common in Huntington’s Disease (HD) and may precede motor diagnosis. We investigate the early presence of visual cognitive deficits in 181 participants, including HD carriers (40 pre-manifest, 30 early manifest, 27 manifest, and 6 reduced penetrance) and 78 healthy controls (HC). Significant differences in visual memory were observed between reduced penetrance and pre-manifest groups (p = .003), with pre-manifest showing worse performance. Age, education, CAG repeats, motor status, executive function, and verbal fluency, accounted for up to 72.8% of the variance in general and visual cognitive functions, with motor status having the strongest impact on visual domains in HD carriers. In pre-manifest HD, visual cognitive domains were primarily influenced by executive function, verbal fluency, age, and CAG repeats, while in early and manifest stages motor status and verbal fluency becomes more influential. ROC analyses showed that especially visuospatial abilities, visual memory, and visual attention (AUC = 0.927, 0.878, 0.874, respectively) effectively differentiated HC and pre-manifest from early and manifest HD. Early assessment of visual cognitive domains, particularly visual memory, could be an early marker of cognitive decline in HD. Our findings highlight the different profiles of impairment in visual cognition across HD carriers.This research has been partially funded by the EITB Maratoia call for Rare Diseases (BIO17/ND/009) and by the Health Department of the Basque Government (2019111004)

Análisis econométrico de los factores que influyen en el desempeño ambiental

El interés por analizar la relación entre el Índice de Desempeño Ambiental (EPI) y diversos factores económicos, sociales y de gobernanza, así como geográficos, surge de la necesidad de comprender qué elementos pueden influir en la sostenibilidad de un país. Identificar estos factores permite diseñar estrategias más eficaces para mejorar la protección del medioambiente y fomentar un desarrollo sostenible. Este análisis tiene como objetivo determinar si las variables consideradas tienen un impacto relevante en el desempeño ambiental de los países. Además, también se examina la posible existencia de una relación no lineal entre el crecimiento económico y el desempeño ambiental, explorando la hipótesis de la Curva Ambiental de Kuznets, la cual plantea que esta relación puede seguir un patrón en forma de “U” invertida entre el deterioro ambiental y el Producto Interior Bruto. Para ello, se emplea un modelo econométrico que incorpora estas variables junto con factores geográficos, permitiendo evaluar su impacto en la sostenibilidad ambiental. Este estudio pretende aportar una visión más clara sobre los determinantes del desempeño ambiental, proporcionando información clave para la toma de decisiones en materia de políticas ambientales

Subastas. Un análisis económico

218 pLas subastas y licitaciones se utilizan cada vez más para la asignación o compraventa de bienes, servicios, obras y suministros. El análisis económico de las subastas ha tenido bastante éxito explicando aspectos fundamentales del comportamiento de los agentes que participan en ellas. Este libro presenta esas explicaciones y las utiliza para justificar los tipos y características de las subastas que se realizan en un conjunto amplio de problemas de asignación y, también, para señalar qué errores pueden haberse cometido en el diseño de algunas subastas. En el libro no solo se consideran las subastas (y licitaciones) de un bien o servicio: se estudian también, entre otras, las subastas de múltiples unidades de un mismo bien, las subastas simultáneas y las subastas consecutivas de unidades de un mismo bien o de varios bienes y servicios heterogéneos y las subastas combinatorias

Influence of patient gender on in-hospital mortality: A population-based cross-sectional study

Aim To analyse the association between gender and in-hospital mortality odds ratios among patients in the Basque Country. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods Admission data pertaining to the period between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2018 were gathered for all registered acute care hospitals (both public and private) in the Basque Country. Odds ratios were calculated through binomial logistic regressions to determine the association between gender and mortality in each diagnostic category of the ICD-10. Results Women had a higher in-hospital mortality odds ratio for diseases of the circulatory system (OR 1.07 [1.01–1.14], p < 0.05). In contrast, men were at greater risk of in-hospital death from neoplasms (OR 0.86 [0.83–0.94], p < 0.05), diseases of the nervous system (OR 0.83 [0.70–0.97], p < 0.05), diseases of the genitourinary system (OR 0.83 [0.71–0.96], p < 0.05), endocrine diseases (OR 0.67 [0.54–0.84], p < 0.05), injury, poisoning and other consequences of external causes (OR 0.60 [0.54–0.67], p < 0.05) and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (OR 0.69 [0.50–0.93], p < 0.05). Patient or Public Contribution No patient or public contributions

“Discover your potential to raise your children”: A psychoeducational infancy parenting intervention in Spain

Background: The quality of parenting has a significant impact on healthy development across the life cycle. Recent research has highlighted the financial return of evidence-based parenting programs that are well designed and implemented. Objective: To analyze the impact of a psychoeducational guidance intervention program aimed at improving parenting skills. Method: Thirty-five families with children aged between 0 and 3.5 years referred from the educational, social, and health departments of the Vitoria-Gasteiz City Council (Spain) participated in the study. Using a longitudinal approach, the intervention took place over the course of three home visits: initial pretest assessment visit, feedback and orientation visit, and a final posttest assessment visit. Results: Statistically significant pretest–posttest differences were observed in parenting skills, including cognitive and socio-emotional development scaffolding, parental self-efficacy, parental adaptive stress, and diversity of experiences. Conclusions: Several areas for improvement were detected in the context of an intervention based on customized guidance for individual families. The implementation process indicated issues to be improved in future program editions. Implications: Our findings provide family and public health policy makers with empirical support for the implementation of parenting programs designed to help families to acquire and improve parenting competencies to foster their children’s comprehensive development, focused on the period between 0 and 3.5 years of life. Results of the study favor the propagation among Spanish professionals who work with families of the use of quality standards of the evidence-based approach related to quality of implementation and assessment of the impact of parenting programsVitoria-Gasteiz City Council Department of Social Policies/research contracts with University of the Basque Country, Grant/ Award Number: 2021.0290/2022.032