Influencer Marketing and Artificial Intelligence Influencer Marketing and Artificial Intelligence

This chapter aims to review artificial intelligence (AI) in influencer marketing literature to identify gaps and provide directions for future research. In this direction, the authors critically assess 21 articles that have appeared in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Definitions of influencer marketing and AI, theoretical foundations, and main methodologies employed were reviewed and the countries of focus and social media websites studied. The systematic literature review has demonstrated some significant findings. Research on AI in influencer marketing has revealed an emphasis on AI Influencer marketing. Findings also show that the majority of influencer marketing studies were conducted with a quantitative approach, and focused more on Instagram while less attention has been paid to other social media websites. At the end of the research, the study contributes to the existing literature by examining the current state of AI in influencer marketing research and providing future research directions from theoretical, methodological, and context-related perspectives

An Integrated Business Readiness Framework of E-Marketplace Retailers in Malaysia: Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour

The global pandemic happening in year 2020 has cause enormous changes to the world. Unemployment soared and many opt to start a small business via e-marketplaces, owing to the low barrier to entry. This phenomenon can be seen in Malaysia with an enormous surge of sellers onboarding Shopee and Lazada, the two leading e-marketplaces in Malaysia. Business of e-marketplace retailers grow exponentially during the pandemic; however, this growing trend did not last. With the loosening of movement control order, sales of e-marketplace retailers declined and many businesses, mainly micro and small businesses, were left with no choice but to exit the business. These businesses are not ready to face the volatility of market changes. The non-sustainability of e-marketplace retailers can cause the growth instability of e-marketplaces in Malaysia, thus hamper the digital entrepreneurial initiatives of the country. The study aims to develop an integrated business readiness framework for MSME e-marketplace retailers to assist them in preparing for future uncertainties. The researcher investigated from the behavioural perspective, the relationship between three behavioural intentions on organisational commitment and business readiness of e-marketplace retailers in Malaysia. The three intentions are intention to enhance digital marketing competence, intention to seek knowledge and intention to take risk. Factor analyses were conducted via PLS-SEM technique to investigate reliability and validity of each latent construct, thereafter, path coefficient evaluated relationship between intentions, and organisational commitment and business readiness. The antecedents of behavioural intentions, represented by (1) attitude, (2) subjective norm, and (3) perceived behavioural control postulated in the Theory of Planned Behaviour were selected as a measure of intentions. Current findings have validated the positive significant impact of behavioural intentions on organisational commitment and business readiness. Intention to enhance digital marketing competence shows direct positive significant impact on business readiness. Intention to seek knowledge and intention to take risk shows significant impact on business readiness with organisational commitment acts as a moderator. Current study is the first attempt to investigate business readiness of MSME e-marketplace retailers in Malaysia from the perspective of behavioural intentions, contributed to the literature on organisational commitment and business readiness. Results of this study has provided insights into how e-marketplace retailers, despite with limited resources, can improve business readiness. This research opens opportunities for researchers to consider behavioural belief when assessing a business's level of readiness. It also reveals theoretical gaps in pursuing and identifying more antecedents inspired from the theory of planned behaviour that can be used to measure the intentions that influence business readiness. Business readiness framework from this study will benefit MSME e-marketplace retailers to better prepare for future uncertainties. It will act as a guideline for e-marketplaces when formulating sellers’ growth strategies, thus becoming an impactful area of study in Malaysia’s e-marketplace industry. On a country level, it can aid the policy makers in formulating strategies to help micro and small businesses achieve sustainable growth, thus propelling Malaysia to produce a more equitable society

Falling into Glăveanu’s Gap: A lyric essay searching for resilience through creativity

This paper is in two parts comprising a literature review and a creative, non-fiction, lyric essay format to explore interplay between ambivalent emotions, creativity, and resilience. The context is my own state affect between client sessions, as a psychotherapist and researcher. The lyric essay, “Falling into Glăveanu’s Gap,” that comprises the second part of this paper covers a period of great disquiet in my personal and professional life, when adverse life experiences impacted my research, and, as such, formed an integral part of the research itself. My self-search heuristic exploration forms part of a larger, doctoral enquiry into the interplay between ambivalence, creativity, and resilience amongst therapists, examining whether those engaged in creativity experience a greater sense of resilience. Resilience is the antithesis of burnout, a condition which disproportionately affects practicing therapists. This research argues that therapist education, training and continuing professional development provision, would benefit from a stronger focus on therapist emotion and affect, outside of the therapy room. Opportunities for engagement with creativity are recommended to aid the development of therapist resilience and to combat therapist burn-out

Impact of Trust on Continuous Usage within Internet Only Banks (IOB) of the UK: A Quantitative Study on Continuous Trust

Internet-only banks (IOB) are an outcome of the financial technology sector and the latest addition to the banking industry. Despite having tremendous growth in terms of adoption, the industry lacks consumer trust in the UK financial market. The research investigates the impact of trust on continuous usage of internet only bank consumers in the UK to develop a continuous trust framework. A conceptual framework was developed based on the TAM and trust integrated model, IS success model and the trust restoration framework to address the research problem from multidimensional perspectives of trust. The quantitative approach was adapted during this research and primary data was collected from existing users of IOBs in the UK by deploying a self-administered survey questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and the structural equation modelling (SEM) were implemented to analyse the primary data. There were 8 exogenous and 2 endogenous variables in the proposed framework with 9 hypothesised relationships. The findings suggest that continuous trust of IOB users is influenced by their calculative trust, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, information quality and transparency of the system. On the contrary, familiarity and institution-based trust factors (Structural assurance and Situational normality) did not have any significant impact on continuous trust of consumers. Furthermore, continuous trust of consumers impacts their continuous usage of the system by means of increasing their usage, recommendation and using it as their primary account in future. The demographic and usage profile findings portray the limited usage pattern of consumers. The study contributes to the theoretical knowledge domain of continuous trust and post adoption literature. Additionally, it draws practical implications and recommendations for the banking industry. Whilst financial technological integration can give traditional banking an edge and advantage over the newcomers in the industry, increasing consumer trust and confidence will be beneficiary for the internet only banks in the long run to achieve consumer loyalty. Further research has been recommended in this sector to investigate regulatory and systematic factors that can contribute towards risk management of the internet only banks. Key words: Continuous trust, consumer behaviour, continuous usage, internet-only banks, financial technology (FinTech)

Narrative enquiry into the physical literacy journeys of further education young ambassadors

The benefits of physical literacy are widely acknowledged, with advocates recognising the importance of its development throughout the life course. Whilst the link between physical activity, health and physical literacy is well researched, there is a noticeable lack of young people’s voices in the literature. This research aims to explore the physical literacy journeys of further education young ambassadors at a 6th form college in Southwest Wales, offering holistic and valuable insights into young people's unique experiences. Qualitative semi-structured interviews provide voices and perceptions, helping to contribute to a better understanding in this context. The narrative data obtained from the interviews underwent thematic analysis, facilitating the identification of emergent key themes. As a result of the coding framework, the researcher categorised themes as, 'desire for significance,' 'personal reward,' 'significant others,' 'imagining future self,' and 'environment’. The ambassadors' desire for significance emphasises the importance of early execution of fundamental movement skills for success and sustained participation. Yet re-defining success criteria will be beneficial in fostering feelings of pride and success in all individuals. The ambassadors clearly relished personal benefits from physical activity. Thus, physical education should prioritise autonomy and choice, focussing on personal reward and enjoyment when planning these opportunities. Various significant others played crucial roles in the ambassadors' lives, with teachers and family responsible for activity levels and peer groups acknowledged as strong determinants in activity choice and frequency. Promoting adult activity therefore provides relatable role models for young people to aspire to. The ambassadors’ keen sense of improving prospects highlights the need for universities to facilitate personal development and establish systems for mentoring students. Additionally, diverse student physical activity programs enhance the appeal of the institution. The scope of environmental influences ambassadors encountered gives prominence to the need for local authority providers to create safe and accessible opportunities. Furthermore, increasing knowledge of engagement in outdoor pursuits available locally is necessary to increase physical literacy

Learner experiences of low attainment groups in the context of a rights approach to education

Participation is seen as an important right for learners, though there is lack of evidence to understand learners’ views on classroom practice. This includes decisions about grouping learners, for example, in terms of their prior attainment or perceived ‘ability’. This research took place in Wales where children’s rights are strongly promoted as an educational approach, but where there is also evidence of widespread attainment grouping in schools. Focus groups and interviews were carried out with secondary school learners in lower attaining groups (n = 70) and teachers and teaching assistants (n = 10) to understand experiences of learning support. Findings suggest strong learner satisfaction with groups, but also lack of movement between groups that reinforced ability hierarchies in schools and supported the development of negative identities for some learners. There was a lack of consensus among educators about the purpose of attainment grouping, with some seeing it as a way of addressing systemic issues within the school

'Visualcy': the Progenitor of Literacy and Numeracy

This article aims to enhance the pedagogy of drawing by integrating relevant aspects of art history and aesthetics with perception and communication theories. Visualcy is defined as an articulacy with visual languages, from which the more familiar ‘3Rs’ (Reading, wRiting, and aRithmetic), alluding to literacy and numeracy, evolved. It embraces not only the more familiar definition of ‘visual literacy’ in the sense of how people perceive, interpret and learn from existing visual imagery, but also the semogenic facility for producing the means to understanding through the articulation of visual elements (line, shape, tone, texture, colour) in the construction of new images. After reviewing the role of drawing in cultural evolution, the article discusses drawing in relation to aesthetics, before outlining a pedagogy of drawing designed to nurture visualcy, of central importance to human culture

‘Ail i neb yn ei ddysg Gymraeg’: Dr Siôn Dafydd Rhys a Chyfraith Hywel

Wrth bori drwy gampwaith Dr Daniel Huws, A Repertory of Welsh Manuscripts and Scribes c.800–c.1800, deuthum ar draws y llawysgrif hon: Llanstephan 79 (33C) Welsh law s.xvi/xvii A transcript, on pp.1–68, in the hand of Siôn Dafydd Rhys, of part of an unidentified text of the Law of Hywel, beginning abruptly, containing damweiniau, cynghawsedd and triads. A few marginal references to sigla ‘S3’, ‘S4’, ‘Cott. 3’ and ‘J’ [sigla used in Leg. Wall.] in the hand of Moses *Williams (e.g. pp.46, 54) and another (pp.65–7). 4o. 37 fols (pp.i–iv, 1–70; i–iv and 69–70 are fly-leaves).2 Bwriad yr ysgrif hon yw gweld a oes modd adnabod cynsail y testun a cheisio gweld a yw trawsgrifiad Siôn Dafydd Rhys yn gopi gwerthfawr o un o lawysgrifau coll Cyfraith Hywel. Ystyrir hefyd pwy oedd Siôn Dafydd Rhys a rhai o’i gyfoeswyr a beth oedd eu diddordeb yn y gyfraith cyn symud ymlaen i ddadansoddi cynnwys y llawysgrif. Drwy ystyried y llawysgrif hon, nad yw wedi derbyn unrhyw sylw o’r blaen gan ysgolheigion, cynigir ychwanegiad newydd at y corpws o lawysgrifau cyfraith a’r hyn a wyddom am eu trosglwyddiad

The need for a new entrepreneurship paradigm to address the issue of inequality

In their article on Sustainable Development and Entrepreneurship, Hall et al (2010, 446) make the point that “much of the work to date in the entrepreneurship field has an implicit assumption that entrepreneurship only leads to positive outcomes for society” and question the conditions under which entrepreneurship is welfare creating rather than welfare destroying. In our chapter in the ICSB’s 2024 Annual Global Micro, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Report, Felicity and I address this with respect to the inequalities (SDG 10) that entrepreneurship has tended to create in “impoverished communities within developing and emerging economies” (op.cit). We provide examples of MSMEs that are addressing this issue and propose the need for a new Harmonious Entrepreneurship paradigm that does not see inequality as an inevitable consequence of entrepreneurship as Isenberg (2014) has contended