Tornada al mar: Centre de formació i innovació per a activitats portuàries a Natzaret

[ES] El barrio de Nazaret ha tenido durante muchos años un vínculo muy significativo con el mar y las actividades relacionadas con este, como la pesca o actividades recreativas. Sin embargo, con el avance del puerto a lo largo de los años Nazaret perdió su mar y con ello parte de su identidad. Se plantea, por tanto, encontrar un punto en común con el puerto, que pueda abrir Nazaret de nuevo al mar, mejorar la relación de sus habitantes con el puerto y ofrecer a su vez a los vecinos del barrio nuevas oportunidades de formación y trabajo que tengan una visión de futuro en relación con la innovación en actividades portuarias, como el transporte marítimo tanto recreativo como comercial. Para ello se propone actuar sobre los antiguos astilleros de la Unión Naval del Levante, que se encuentran en el límite entre Nazaret y el puerto. Se trata de un conjunto industrial compuesto de varias naves cuya construcción se inició en 1918 y que ha sufrido diversos cambios a lo largo de los años. Inicialmente construido como astilleros para la construcción de embarcaciones de carga y pasaje llegó también a fabricar, durante de la Guerra Civil, vehículos blindados y armamento de guerra, hasta más tarde acabar con la reparación de buques y finalmente el cese de su actividad en 2012. La evolución del conjunto a través del tiempo y su cambio de uso advierte de las posibilidades de adaptación de dichas naves industriales y es por eso por lo que suponen el emplazamiento perfecto para un centro formativo que pretende ser un espacio en miras al futuro para el sector portuario y que apueste por la generación de un puerto más sostenible. El centro formativo se situará en las dos naves del conjunto que fueron construidas en 1940 tras la guerra civil y que se encuentran cruzando el rio y mirando desde el puerto hacia Nazaret. La relación entre las naves y el barrio se produce a través de la continuación del parque lineal del río y con finalmente con su desembocadura en el mar. A nivel programático en el centro se desarrollarán actividades, enfocadas sobre todo hacia el desarrollo productivo que deberán poder evolucionar con el tiempo según cambien las necesidades de la población. Se entenderá también como un espacio de creación e innovación que fomentará el emprendimiento de los alumnos y las relaciones con empresas del sector.[EN] The neighbourhood of Nazaret has had for many years a very significant relationship with the sea and the activities related to it, like fishing or recreational activities. However, with the advance of the harbour over the years, Nazaret has lost its sea and with it part of its identity. On this basis, it is proposed to find a common ground with the harbour, which allows Nazaret to be opened to the sea again, improves the relationship of its inhabitants with the harbour and offers at the same time new opportunities for education and labour with a foresight approach to innovation in port activity such as maritime transport both recreational and commercial. For this end, it is proposed to act on the former shipyards of the Naval Union of Levante (UNL) which is situated on the border between Nazaret and the harbour. It is an industrial complex composed of several warehouses, the construction of which started in 1918 and has suffered multiple changes throughout the years. Initially built as a shipyard for boat construction it has also served, during the Spanish Civil War, as a factory for armoured vehicles and armament, and onward as a vessel repair factory and finally in 2012 its standstill. The evolution of the complex through time and its change in use evidences the possibilities of adaptation of the buildings and that is why it is the perfect spot for an education centre which seeks to be a future-oriented teaching space for the port sector, and which opts for the generation of a more sustainable harbour. The education centre will be situated in the two warehouses which were built in 1940 after the civil war and which are located crossing the river and looking from the harbour towards Nazaret. The relation between the warehouses and the neighbourhood is carried out through the continuation of the lineal park and finally with the outlet of the river to the sea. At a programmatic level, the centre will develop activities focused mainly on productive development, which must be able to evolve through time according to the change in the necessities of the population. It will also be understood as a space for creation and innovation that will promote student entrepreneurship and relationships with companies in the sector.Clari Mengó, AL. (2022). Devuelta al mar: Centro de formación e innovación para actividades portuarias en Nazaret. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/186104TFG

Una visión cinematográfica de la arquitectura de los espacios de trabajo.

[ES] La oficina es el escenario en el que se desenvuelve, al menos, un tercio de la vida y no siempre es el lugar más adecuado para el desarrollo de una actividad. La abandonamos al salir del trabajo, pero esta nos persigue a través de las pantallas. Espacios arquitectónicos tan reconocibles como la oficina interminable de El Apartamento (The Apartment, Billy Wilder, 1960) o las oficinas corporativas en Playtime (Jacques Tati, 1967), que pueden pasar desapercibidos para muchos, adquieren un gran valor para aquellos que las viven. Como se ve en los casos mencionados, es esta escenografía la que revela aspectos importantes de la historia narrada o información de los protagonistas condicionados tan claramente por el diseño de dichos espacios. El presente trabajo estudia las relaciones existentes entre la arquitectura de los espacios de trabajo y la escenografía cinematográfica. Se centrará en la evolución de las oficinas a lo largo del tiempo y su representación en la gran pantalla. Asímismo el TFG estudia la adaptación de estos espacios a la ficción para determinar si sufren cambios y de qué modo se recurre a esta arquitectura para transmitir sensaciones o influir en ellas.[EN] The office is the stage in which at least a third of our life unfolds and it is not always the most suited place for the development of an activity. We abandon it when we get off work, but it haunts us through the screens. Recognizable architectural spaces such as the never-ending office in The Apartment (Billy Wilder, 1960) or the corporative offices in Playtime (Jacques Tati, 1967), that can go unnoticed for many, acquire a great value for those who live them. As we can see in the for mentioned cases, it is this scenery which reveals important aspects of the story or information about the characters/protagonists so clearly conditioned by the designs of said spaces. This work studies the existing relations between the architecture of the workplace and the cinematographic scenery. It focuses on the evolution of the office throughout time and its representation on the big screen. The adaptation of these spaces to fiction will thus be studied to determine if the suffer changes and in which way this architecture is used to convey emotions or influence them.Clari Mengó, AL. (2020). Una visión cinematográfica de la arquitectura de los espacios de trabajo. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/174130TFG

Caracterización de microorganismos productores de antibióticos aislados en el proyecto Micromundo-UZ

Durante el curso académico 2018-2019, un grupo de investigadores y alumnos de la Universidad de Zaragoza comenzó en Aragón el proyecto MicroMundo, dentro de la metodología de Aprendizaje-Servicio, acudiendo a diferentes centros de enseñanza de la capital aragonesa. A lo largo de este trabajo se han empleado distintas técnicas de Microbiología clásica en el manejo de los microorganismos aislados en este proyecto. Se trabajó con 1897 muestras aisladas de las cuales 159 dieron positivo en producción de sustancias inhibitorias en las comprobaciones realizadas y fue con estas 159 con las que se ha trabajado en este TFG. El proyecto MicroMundo y este trabajo no solo buscan el descubrimiento de nuevos antibióticos sino la divulgación acerca del problema de la resistencia a antibióticos y la concienciación sobre su uso responsable. <br /

La actuación del profesorado ante las NEAE en Educación Infantil.

En este trabajo analizaremos la información aportada por cuatro maestras de Educación Infantil sobre su actuación ante el alumnado con Necesidades Específicas de Apoyo Educativo (NEAE) que se han encontrado en sus aulas. Hemos querido investigar sobre este tema debido a su gran interés. Para ello, hemos realizado cuatro entrevistas semiestructuradas y hemos llevado a cabo el análisis de contenido, concluyendo que, las maestras, a pesar de su escasa formación universitaria inicial en NEAE, han podido hacer frente a las situaciones del aula, logrando un buen clima relacional y de trabajo en sus aulas. Si unimos esto a la coordinación en el centro, con las familias y con los apoyos educativos (todos ellos agentes educativos primordiales), podemos destacar la calidad de la práctica docente desarrollada con el alumnado para fomentar la inclusión en el aula y lograr que cada persona alcance su pleno desarrollo integral.In this investigation we will analyse the information provided by four teachers in Early Childhood Education about their experiences and performances in their class with children who have Specific Needs of Educational Support (SNES). We wanted to investigate this topic due to our interest in it. For this investigation, we did four semi-structured interviews and we have analysed the information based on them. We have concluded that the teachers, even though they didn't have enough formation in SNES at the University, have been able to face the challenges in class, achieving a good rapport and work in their classrooms. If we combine this with the school staff, the families and the educational support (each of them playing an equal role), we can highlight the quality of the teachers´ work in the classroom with the children to promote the inclusion in the class and help each person reach their full potential

Media and violence against women in the Basque Country: A self-regulation case study

In recent decades, given the crucial role played by the news media in fighting to eradicate violence against women, several organisations and legislative initiatives have begun self-regulating. This study analyses news coverage of gender-based murders in the Basque media over the course of three years, beginning with approval of rules for self-regulation. The results show that the media actively contribute to raising visibility of violence against women as a social problem, although reduced compliance with some of the recommendations indicates difficulty in practically applying them and disparate criteria from one journalist to another.Basque Institute for Women - Emakund

Estudio de la implicación de los genes de síntesis de la pared celular en el mecanismo de acción de las avermectinas frente a micobacterias

La aparición de cepas de Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistentes al tratamiento convencional de primera línea genera la necesidad de desarrollar nuevos antimicrobianos para combatir la enfermedad. Una estrategia, para reducir tiempos y costes, puede provenir del reposicionamiento farmacológico como en el caso de la selamectina. Para ello, se debe determinar su mecanismo de acción empleando un microorganismo modelo como Mycobacterium smegmatis. En un estudio previo del Grupo de Investigación, se identificó por ensayo en tablero de ajedrez (checkerboard) la existencia de interacción sinérgica entre selamectina y etambutol.En este trabajo se ha observado la ausencia de interacción con otros inhibidores de la síntesis de la pared celular como PBTZ-169, lo que parece indicar que existe una relación entre las dianas del etambutol y el modo de acción de la selamectina, que se ha estudiado en mayor profundidad. Se han construido mutantes de sobreexpresión en plásmido y knock-out por recombineering de estas dianas y se han iniciado los pasos para realizar un análisis de la respuesta transcripcional de algunos genes de síntesis de la pared celular ante el tratamiento con ambos fármacos.También se ha caracterizado la actividad del compuesto frente a un inóculo mayor que el estandarizado por ensayos de determinación de las concentraciones mínimas inhibitoria y bactericida y cinética de muerte, llegando a establecer el perfil de acción de los compuestos y la dependencia del inóculo y las condiciones óptimas de la extracción de RNA.Sin embargo, la pandemia de la COVID-19 no ha permitido finalizar estas dos líneas, que requieren estudios futuros de susceptibilidad a los antibióticos en los mutantes construidos y caracterizar la respuesta transcripcional al tratamiento con selamectina y etambutol en las condiciones óptimas establecidas.<br /

Evaluation of triphenylene-based MOF ultrathin films for lithium batteries

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive candidates to meet the requirement of next-generation batteries, as functional materials with a high surface area, well-defined metal centers, and organic linkers through coordination bonds. Due to their great tunability, MOFs have been investigated as electrodes or electrolytes in lithium batteries and more recently as protective layers in anode-less batteries. Here, we synthesize a Ni3(HHTP)2 MOF directly at the air–liquid interface of a Langmuir trough and grow the electrode on a conductive substrate by the transference process. The characterization during Langmuir film formation shows that the addition of crystallization time during the compression process enhances the formation of 2D crystalline domains, as observed by in situ grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction. Next, the transferred Ni3(HHTP)2 ultrathin films were studied as working electrodes in Li batteries in a half-cell configuration and compared with bare copper. The results show that the Ni3(HHTP)2 film protects the Cu collector from oxidation, and the negative charge accumulates in the organic ligand during the lithiation process while NiII oxidizes to NiIII, unlike other triphenylene-based MOFs with CuII or CoII metal nodes. The galvanostatic plating–stripping cycles of the batteries show that the inclusion of the crystallization time improves the coulombic efficiency, especially significantly in the first cycles when the SEI is formed. This work shows the Langmuir technique as a useful tool to test MOF based materials for batteries with the advantages of using a low amount of raw materials and without the need to introduce additives (binder and electron conductor) in the electrodes. The electrochemical study of this type of electrode allows a first screening to synthesize electrodes based on MOFs and can be a tool for the preparation of protective coatings under optimized conditions

Co-delivery of free vancomycin and transcription factor decoy-nanostructured lipid carriers can enhance inhibition of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is widely regarded as a major public health concern with last resort MRSA treatments like vancomycin now encountering resistant strains. TFDs (Transcription Factor Decoys) are oligonucleotide copies of the DNA-binding sites for transcription factors. They bind to and sequester the targeted transcription factor, thus inhibiting transcription of many genes. By developing TFDs with sequences aimed at inhibiting transcription factors controlling the expression of highly conserved bacterial cell wall proteins, TFDs present as a potential method for inhibiting microbial growth without encountering typical resistance mechanisms. However, the efficient protection and delivery of the TFDs inside the bacterial cells is a critical step for the success of this technology. Therefore, in our study, specific TFDs against S. aureus were complexed with two different types of nanocarriers: cationic nanostructured lipid carriers (cNLCs) and chitosan-based nanoparticles (CS-NCs). These TFD-carrier nanocomplexes were characterized for size, zeta potential and TFD complexation or loading efficiency in a variety of buffers. In vitro activity of the nanocomplexes was examined alone and in combination with vancomycin, first in methicillin susceptible strains of S. aureus with the lead candidate advancing to tests against MRSA cultures. Results found that both cNLCs and chitosan-based carriers were adept at complexing and protecting TFDs in a range of physiological and microbiological buffers up to 72 hours. From initial testing, chitosan-TFD particles demonstrated no visible improvements in effect when co-administered with vancomycin. However, co-delivery of cNLC-TFD with vancomycin reduced the MIC of vancomycin by over 50% in MSSA and resulted in significant decreases in viability compared with vancomycin alone in MRSA cultures. Furthermore, these TFD-loaded particles demonstrated very low levels of cytotoxicity and haemolysis in vitro. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt at a combined antibiotic/oligonucleotide-TFD approach to combatting MRSA and, as such, highlights a new avenue of MRSA treatment combining traditional small molecules drugs and bacterial gene inhibition

Mycobacterial Aminoglycoside Acetyltransferases: A Little of Drug Resistance, and a Lot of Other Roles

Aminoglycoside acetyltransferases are important determinants of resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics in most bacterial genera. In mycobacteria, however, aminoglycoside acetyltransferases contribute only partially to aminoglycoside susceptibility since they are related with low level resistance to these antibiotics (while high level aminoglycoside resistance is due to mutations in the ribosome). Instead, aminoglycoside acetyltransferases contribute to other bacterial functions, and this can explain its widespread presence along species of genus Mycobacterium. This review is focused on two mycobacterial aminoglycoside acetyltransferase enzymes. First, the aminoglycoside 2′-N-acetyltransferase [AAC(2′)], which was identified as a determinant of weak aminoglycoside resistance in M. fortuitum, and later found to be widespread in most mycobacterial species; AAC(2′) enzymes have been associated with resistance to cell wall degradative enzymes, and bactericidal mode of action of aminoglycosides. Second, the Eis aminoglycoside acetyltransferase, which was identified originally as a virulence determinant in M. tuberculosis (enhanced intracellular survival); Eis protein in fact controls production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other pathways. The relation of Eis with aminoglycoside susceptibility was found after the years, and reaches clinical significance only in M. tuberculosis isolates resistant to the second-line drug kanamycin. Given the role of AAC(2′) and Eis proteins in mycobacterial biology, inhibitory molecules have been identified, more abundantly in case of Eis. In conclusion, AAC(2′) and Eis have evolved from a marginal role as potential drug resistance mechanisms into a promising future as drug targets

Attitudes toward School Violence against LGBTQIA+. A Qualitative Study

School climate is one of the main concerns in terms of research and intervention worldwide. Although it can be directed toward any student, some groups seem to be more vulnerable, as is the case of the LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex +) students, among others. Attitudes toward violence are a construct of particular importance for action plans focused on improving school coexistence. The aim of this study is to examine attitudes toward school violence against LGBTQIA+ students and their relationship with violent behaviors. For this purpose, 96 Spanish students of Spanish elementary education (PE) and compulsory secondary education (CSE) participated in this qualitative study through focus groups for its subsequent thematic analysis. The results identify four types of attitudes toward violence, such as the use of violence as a form of fun, to feel better, when it is perceived as legitimate, and as a way of relating to the LGBTQIA+ community. In addition, a greater number of negative attitudes and violent behaviors toward homosexual boys and transgender minors are observed