1,476 research outputs found
Las IDE como evoluciĂłn natural de los SIG
La IDEE es un proyecto cooperativo, de autorĂa colectiva, en el que colaboran organismos e instituciones de los tres ĂĄmbitos de la AdministraciĂłn (general, regional y local), del entorno universitario y del sector privado. Esta impresionante oferta de informaciĂłn geogrĂĄfica, junto con las funcionalidades que aportan las tecnologĂas de Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales (IDE), permite vislumbrar un abanico de lĂneas de trabajo, todavĂa inexploradas, de gran interĂ©s para todos los especialistas, tĂ©cnicos e investigadores que manejan o precisan de cartografĂa en su quehacer cotidiano, que veremos en el presente artĂculo
Los clubes deportivos de natación de Cataluña en el actual contexto competitivo del sector de las instalaciones deportivas
Swimming clubs are non-profit entities for sports and social purposes. The general objective of the study was to know the management of swimming clubs in Catalonia, fulfilling their social and sports role in the current competitive environment of sports facilities. As specific objectives were to know their values on management indicators, as well as to know if significant differences between swimming clubs are found, taking in consideration their areas and sports offer. The study sample consists of 19 swimming clubs of Catalonia. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire adapted to the objectives of the study, administered by email to the managers of each club. The clubs obtain the necessary income to achieve their sporting and social goals thanks to the fees of their members. It was found significant differences between them according to the spaces and sports offer in different management indicators analyzed.Los clubes de nataciĂłn son entidades sin ĂĄnimo de lucro con fines deportivos y sociales. El objetivo general del estudio fue conocer la gestiĂłn de los clubes de nataciĂłn en Cataluña cumpliendo su funciĂłn social y deportiva en el actual entorno competitivo de instalaciones deportivas. Los objetivos especĂficos fueron conocer sus valores en indicadores de gestiĂłn, asĂ como saber si existen diferencias significativas entre los clubes segĂșn sus espacios y oferta deportiva. La muestra del estudio ha sido formada por 19 clubes deportivos de nataciĂłn de Cataluña. El instrumento de recogida de datos fue un cuestionario adaptado a los objetivos del estudio, administrado por correo electrĂłnico a los gerentes de cada club. Los clubes obtienen los ingresos necesarios para lograr sus fines deportivos y sociales gracias a las cuotas de sus socios. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre ellos segĂșn los espacios y oferta deportiva en diferentes indicadores de gestiĂłn analizados
Una nueva etapa: hacia la IDE 2.0
El desarrollo de las Infraestructuras de Datos Espaciales (IDE) en España ha cubierto una primera etapa basada en el despliegue de servicios bĂĄsicos, aplicaciones de visualizaciĂłn y apertura de geoportales. Una IDE paradigmĂĄtica de esta primera fase, que podemos llamar convencionalmente IDE 1.0, incluirĂa: un visualizador con servicios de mapas WMS de ortofotos, imĂĄgenes de satĂ©lite y cartografĂa, un catĂĄlogo de metadatos (CSW, SRW, otro perfil, o soluciones no estĂĄndar), un servicio de NomenclĂĄtor (WFS-G, WFS-MNE o soluciones no estĂĄndar) para realizar bĂșsquedas por nombre, un servicio de descarga de datos (basado en WFS), ,y probablemente aplicaciones complementarias no estĂĄndar al margen de las specificaciones OGC, como, por ejemplo, utilidades de transformaciĂłn de coordenadas, o un cliente pesado para realizar vuelos virtuales. En suma, la mayorĂa de los geoportales disponibles estĂĄn orientados fundamentalmente a la visualizaciĂłn de datos geogrĂĄficos
COVID-19 pandemic on coronary artery and cerebrovascular diseases in Southern Spain: interrupted time series analysis
Objective: Healthcare systems have been put under intense pressure by the COVID-19 pandemic, although some studies have shown a decline in hospital admissions for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases during the first and second wave of the pandemic. In addition, studies analyzing gender and procedural differences are scarce. The present study aimed to determine the impact of the pandemic on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in Andalusia (Spain) and analyzed differences by gender and by percutaneous coronary interventions performed.
Patients and methods: An interrupted time series analysis of AMI and CVD hospital admissions in Andalusia (Spain) was carried out to measure the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. AMI and CVD cases admitted daily in public hospitals of Andalusia between January 2018 and December 2020 were included.
Results: During the pandemic, significant reductions in AMI [-19%; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-29%, -9%), p<0.001] and CVD [-17%; 95% CI: (-26%, -9%); p<0.01] in daily hospital admissions were observed. Differences were also produced according to the diagnosis (ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, other AMI and stroke), with a greater reduction in females for AMI and in males for CVD. Although there were more percutaneous coronary interventions during the pandemic, no significant reductions were observed.
Conclusions: A decline in AMI and CVD daily hospital admissions during the first and second wave of COVID-19 pandemic was noted. Gender differences were observed, but no clear impact was observed in percutaneous interventions
Body composition, nutritional profile and muscular fitness affect bone health in a sample of schoolchildren from Colombia: The Fuprecol Study
This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationships between body
composition, nutritional profile, muscular fitness (MF) and bone health in a sample of children
and adolescents from Colombia. Participants included 1118 children and adolescents (54.6% girls).
Calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation (c-BUA) was obtained as a marker of bone health.
Body composition (fat mass and lean mass) was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis.
Furthermore height, weight, waist circumference and Tanner stage were measured and body mass
index (BMI) was calculated. Standing long-jump (SLJ) and isometric handgrip dynamometry were
used respectively as indicators of lower and upper body muscular fitness. A muscular index score
was also computed by summing up the standardised values of both SLJ and handgrip strength.
Dietary intake and degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet were assessed by a 7-day recall
questionnaire for food frequency and the Kidmed questionnaire. Poor bone health was considered
using a z-score cut off of â€â1.5 standard deviation. Once the results were adjusted for age and
Tanner stage, the predisposing factors of having a c-BUA z-score â€â1.5 standard deviation included
being underweight or obese, having an unhealthy lean mass, having an unhealthy fat mass, SLJ
performance, handgrip performance, and unhealthy muscular index score. In conclusion, body
composition (fat mass and lean body mass) and MF both influenced bone health in a sample of
children and adolescents from Colombia. Thus promoting strength adaptation and preservation in
Colombian youth will help to improve bone health, an important protective factor against osteoporosis
in later life.: We would like to acknowledge to Bogota District Education Department for supporting data
collection for this study. The authors also thank the participating Bogota District students, teachers, schools, and
staff. The âFUPRECOL Studyâ was possible given the financial support provided by the Instituto Colombiano
para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la TecnologĂa âFrancisco JosĂ© de Caldasâ COLCIENCIAS (Contract Number
671-2014 Code 122265743978). Also, during the completion of this paper, AG-H was visiting researchers at
the University of Rosario (CEMA, BogotĂĄ, Colombia), supported with grants awarded by Proyectos Basales y
VicerrectorĂa de InvestigaciĂłn, Desarrollo e InnovaciĂłnâ (Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH)
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Tandem quadruplication of HMA4 in the zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator noccaea caerulescens
Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulation may have evolved twice in the Brassicaceae, in Arabidopsis halleri and in the Noccaea genus. Tandem gene duplication and deregulated expression of the Zn transporter, HMA4, has previously been linked to Zn/Cd hyperaccumulation in A. halleri. Here, we tested the hypothesis that tandem duplication and deregulation of HMA4 expression also occurs in Noccaea. A Noccaea caerulescens genomic library was generated, containing 36,864 fosmid pCC1FOSTM clones with insert sizes ~20â40 kbp, and screened with a PCR-generated HMA4 genomic probe. Gene copy number within the genome was estimated through DNA fingerprinting and pooled fosmid pyrosequencing. Gene copy numbers within individual clones was determined by PCR analyses with novel locus specific primers. Entire fosmids were then sequenced individually and reads equivalent to 20-fold coverage were assembled to generate complete whole contigs. Four tandem HMA4 repeats were identified in a contiguous sequence of 101,480 bp based on sequence overlap identities. These were flanked by regions syntenous with up and downstream regions of AtHMA4 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Promoter-reporter b-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion analysis of a NcHMA4 in A. thaliana revealed deregulated expression in roots and shoots, analogous to AhHMA4 promoters, but distinct from AtHMA4 expression which localised to the root vascular tissue. This remarkable consistency in tandem duplication and deregulated expression of metal transport genes between N. caerulescens and A. halleri, which last shared a common ancestor >40 mya, provides intriguing evidence that parallel evolutionary pathways may underlie Zn/Cd hyperaccumulation in Brassicaceae
Alpine bogs of southern Spain show human-induced environmental change superimposed on long-term natural variations
Recent studies have proved that high elevation environments, especially remote wetlands, are exceptional ecological sensors of global change. For example, European glaciers have retreated during the 20th century while the Sierra Nevada National Park in southern Spain witnessed the first complete disappearance of modern glaciers in Europe. Given that the effects of climatic fluctuations on local ecosystems are complex in these sensitive alpine areas, it is crucial to identify their long-term natural trends, ecological thresholds, and responses to human impact. In this study, the geochemical records from two adjacent alpine bogs in the protected Sierra Nevada National Park reveal different sensitivities and long-term environmental responses, despite similar natural forcings, such as solar radiation and the North Atlantic Oscillation, during the late Holocene. After the Industrial Revolution both bogs registered an independent, abrupt and enhanced response to the anthropogenic forcing, at the same time that the last glaciers disappeared. The different response recorded at each site suggests that the National Park and land managers of similar regions need to consider landscape and environmental evolution in addition to changing climate to fully understand implications of climate and human influence.This study was supported by the project P11-RNM 7332 of the âJunta de AndalucĂaâ, the projects CGL2013-47038-R and CGL2015-67130-C2-1-R of the âMinisterio de EconomĂa y Competitividad of Spain and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDERâ and the research group RNM0190 and RNM309 (Junta de AndalucĂa). A.G.-A. was also supported by a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship of the 7th Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration of the European Commission (NAOSIPUK. Grant Number: PIEF-GA-2012-623027) and by a RamĂłn y Cajal Fellowship RYC-2015-18966 of the Spanish Government (Ministerio de EconomĂa y Competividad). J.L.T. was also supported by a Small Research Grant by the Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland and hosted the NAOSIPUK project (PIEF-GA-2012-623027). M. J. R-R acknowledges the PhD funding provided by ConsejerĂa de EconomĂa, InnovaciĂłn, Ciencia y Empleo de la Junta de AndalucĂa (P11-RNM 7332)
Collateral Quality and Loan Default Risk: The Case of Vietnam
In the transition economy of Vietnam, financial market is dominated by banking sector but commercial banks heavily rely on collateral-based lending. While the relationship between collateral and implied credit risk is still in debate, this paper provides additional empirical evidence regarding the heterogeneous effects and transmission channels of collateral characteristics on loan delinquency. Applying instrumental variable probit analysis on a unique dataset of 2295 internal loan accounts in Vietnam, we find the significantly negative impact of collateral quality on the probability of default of consumer loans, supporting the dominance of borrower selection and risk-shifting over lender selection effects. The finding implies that high-quality collateral not only signals more credible borrower but also fosters good behavior in using loan, enabling bank to mitigate adverse selection and moral hazard problems
Above- and below-ground net primary productivity across ten Amazonian forests on contrasting soils
Copyright © 2009 European Geosciences Union. This is the published version available at http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/2759/2009/bg-6-2759-2009.html
© Author(s) 2009. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.The net primary productivity (NPP) of tropical forests is one of the most important and least quantified components of the global carbon cycle. Most relevant studies have focused particularly on the quantification of the above-ground coarse wood productivity, and little is known about the carbon fluxes involved in other elements of the NPP, the partitioning of total NPP between its above- and below-ground components and the main environmental drivers of these patterns. In this study we quantify the above- and below-ground NPP of ten Amazonian forests to address two questions: (1) How do Amazonian forests allocate productivity among its above- and below-ground components? (2) How do soil and leaf nutrient status and soil texture affect the productivity of Amazonian forests? Using a standardized methodology to measure the major elements of productivity, we show that NPP varies between 9.3±1.3MgC haâ1 yrâ1 (mean±standard error), at a white sand plot, and 17.0±1.4MgC haâ1 yrâ1 at a very fertile Terra Preta site, with an overall average of 12.8±0.9MgC haâ1 yrâ1. The studied forests allocate on average 64±3% and 36±3% of the total NPP to the above and below-ground components, respectively. The ratio of above-ground and below-ground NPP is almost invariant with total NPP. Litterfall and fine root production both increase with total NPP, while stem production shows no overall trend. Total NPP tends to increase with soil phosphorus and leaf nitrogen status. However, allocation of NPP to below-ground shows no relationship to soil fertility, but appears to decrease with the increase of soil clay content
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