7,688 research outputs found
Living together, feeding apart: How to measure individual food consumption in social house mice
Progressor: Personalized visual access to programming problems
This paper presents Progressor, a visualization of open student models intended to increase the student's motivation to progress on educational content. The system visualizes not only the user's own model, but also the peers' models. It allows sorting the peers' models using a number of criteria, including the overall progress and the progress on a specific topic. Also, in this paper we present results of a classroom study confirming our hypothesis that by showing a student the peers' models and ranking them by progress it is possible to increase the student's motivation to compete and progress in e-learning systems. © 2011 IEEE
Full Counting Statistics in Strongly Interacting Systems: Non-Markovian Effects
We present a theory of full counting statistics for electron transport
through interacting electron systems with non-Markovian dynamics. We illustrate
our approach for transport through a single-level quantum dot and a metallic
single-electron transistor to second order in the tunnel-coupling strength, and
discuss under which circumstances non-Markovian effects appear in the transport
properties.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX; typos added, references adde
Faraday-rotation fluctuation spectroscopy with static and oscillating magnetic fields
By Faraday-rotation fluctuation spectroscopy one measures the spin noise via
Faraday-induced fluctuations of the polarization plane of a laser transmitting
the sample. In the fist part of this paper, we present a theoretical model of
recent experiments on alkali gas vapors and semiconductors, done in the
presence of a {\em static} magnetic field. In a static field, the spin noise
shows a resonance line, revealing the Larmor frequency and the spin coherence
time of the electrons. Second, we discuss the possibility to use an {\em
oscillating} magnetic field in the Faraday setup. With an oscillating field
applied, one can observe multi-photon absorption processes in the spin noise.
Furthermore an oscillating field could also help to avoid line broadening due
to structural or chemical inhomogeneities in the sample, and thereby increase
the precision of the spin-coherence time measurement.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure
Frequency-Dependent Current Noise through Quantum-Dot Spin Valves
We study frequency-dependent current noise through a single-level quantum dot
connected to ferromagnetic leads with non-collinear magnetization. We propose
to use the frequency-dependent Fano factor as a tool to detect single-spin
dynamics in the quantum dot. Spin precession due to an external magnetic and/or
a many-body exchange field affects the Fano factor of the system in two ways.
First, the tendency towards spin-selective bunching of the transmitted
electrons is suppressed, which gives rise to a reduction of the low-frequency
noise. Second, the noise spectrum displays a resonance at the Larmor frequency,
whose lineshape depends on the relative angle of the leads' magnetizations.Comment: 12 pages, 15 figure
Quantum tunneling through planar p-n junctions in HgTe quantum wells
We demonstrate that a p-n junction created electrically in HgTe quantum wells
with inverted band-structure exhibits interesting intraband and interband
tunneling processes. We find a perfect intraband transmission for electrons
injected perpendicularly to the interface of the p-n junction. The opacity and
transparency of electrons through the p-n junction can be tuned by changing the
incidence angle, the Fermi energy and the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit
interaction. The occurrence of a conductance plateau due to the formation of
topological edge states in a quasi-one-dimensional p-n junction can be switched
on and off by tuning the gate voltage. The spin orientation can be
substantially rotated when the samples exhibit a moderately strong Rashba
spin-orbit interaction.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
External Control of a Metal-Insulator Transition in GaMnAs Wires
Quantum transport in disordered ferromagnetic (III,Mn)V semiconductors is
studied theoretically. Mesoscopic wires exhibit an Anderson disorder-induced
metal-insulator transition that can be controlled by a weak external magnetic
field. This metal-insulator transition should also occur in other materials
with large anisotropic magneto resistance effects. The transition can be useful
for studies of zero-temperature quantum critical phase transitions and
fundamental material properties.Comment: Major revised final versio
Diversity of chemistry and excitation conditions in the high-mass star forming complex W33
The object W33 is a giant molecular cloud that contains star forming regions
at various evolutionary stages from quiescent clumps to developed H II regions.
Since its star forming regions are located at the same distance and the primary
material of the birth clouds is probably similar, we conducted a comparative
chemical study to trace the chemical footprint of the different phases of
evolution. We observed six clumps in W33 with the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment
(APEX) telescope at 280 GHz and the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at 230 GHz. We
detected 27 transitions of 10 different molecules in the APEX data and 52
transitions of 16 different molecules in the SMA data. The chemistry on scales
larger than 0.2 pc, which are traced by the APEX data, becomes more
complex and diverse the more evolved the star forming region is. On smaller
scales traced by the SMA data, the chemical complexity and diversity increase
up to the hot core stage. In the H II region phase, the SMA spectra resemble
the spectra of the protostellar phase. Either these more complex molecules are
destroyed or their emission is not compact enough to be detected with the SMA.
Synthetic spectra modelling of the HCO transitions, as detected with the
APEX telescope, shows that both a warm and a cold component are needed to
obtain a good fit to the emission for all sources except for W33 Main1. The
temperatures and column densities of the two components increase during the
evolution of the star forming regions. The integrated intensity ratios
NH(32)/CS(65) and
NH(32)/HCO(43) show clear trends as a
function of evolutionary stage, luminosity, luminosity-to-mass ratio, and
H peak column density of the clumps and might be usable as chemical
clocks.Comment: 66 pages, 28 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication at A&
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