Motivasi dan tahap penglibatan belia Felda dalam kesukarelawanan di Felda Bukit Rokan, Negeri Sembilan

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara motivasi dan tahap penglibatan belia dalam aktiviti sukarela di Felda Bukit Rokan, Negeri Sembilan. Objektif khusus kajian ini adalah untuk i) memperihalkan sosio demografi responden; ii) mengenal pasti dimensi dan tahap motivasi responden dalam aktiviti sukarela; iii) mengenal pasti jenis dan tahap penglibatan responden dalam aktiviti sukarela; dan iv) menentukan hubungan antara motivasi dan tahap penglibatan responden dalam aktiviti sukarela. Seramai 136 responden yang terdiri daripada 54.4 peratus lelaki dan 45.6 peratus perempuan terlibat dalam kajian ini. Responden dipilih melalui kaedah persampelan bertujuan. Data diperolehi dengan menggunakan borang soal selidik yang ditadbir sendiri oleh responden. Volunteer Functions Inventory (VFI) telah digunakan untuk mengukur motivasi sukarelawan, manakala tahap penglibatan diukur menggunakan alat ukuran yang dibina sendiri oleh penyelidik. Kedua-dua alat ukuran mempunyai nilai pekali kebolehpercayaan Cronbach’s alpha 0.939 dan 0.696. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah korelasi Pearson. Hasil kajian menunjukkan motif utama penglibatan responden dalam aktiviti sukarela adalah motif pemahaman, diikuti oleh motif nilai dan motif sosial. Manakala, jenis aktiviti utama yang disertai oleh belia adalah aktiviti sukarela berbentuk sukan, diikuti oleh aktiviti berbentuk khidmat sosial dan masyarakat serta aktiviti keagamaan. Selain itu, kajian turut mendapati tahap motivasi responden adalah tinggi, manakala tahap penglibatan dalam aktiviti kerja sukarela adalah sederhana. Keputusan analisis korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan positif secara signifikan antara kesemua dimensi motivasi dengan tahap penglibatan responden dalam aktiviti sukarela (r = .547 hingga .649, p<.01). Kesimpulannya, motivasi sukarelawan iaitu motif untuk terlibat dalam aktiviti sukarela mempunyai hubungan dengan tahap penglibatan dalam aktiviti sukarela dalam kalangan belia di Felda. Justeru, untuk meningkatkan tahap penglibatan belia dalam aktiviti sukarela, faktor motivasi memainkan peranan yang penting, selain daripada menambahbaik penganjuran aktiviti-aktiviti sukarela di kawasan Felda

Microstructural Analysis of Strain Rate Dependence for Commercial Dual Phase Steel DP590 Undergoing Finite Strain Deformation

This paper analyses the correlation of strain rate dependency of the material with sheet metals manufactured orientation that would influenced the microstructural changes in terms of martensite-ferrite and voids characteristics. The investigation on the deformation behaviour of Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) DP 590 was conducted using a uniaxial tensile test along the two principal directions that is through longitudinal (0°) and transverse (90°) through the strain rates of 1x10-1s-1 to 1x10-4s-1. This allows for a strain rate dependency analysis conducted via stress-strain curve development. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is used to examine the deformed microstructure for micro structural behaviour and for the void analysis on the number of voids and the average void sizes. Referring to the stress-strain curve, it is shown that the mechanical properties of the specimen behaved differently at those preferred orientations and are sensitive to the changes in the loading conditions. This could be observed as the DP590 at 0Ⱐof rolling direction have higher stiffness value as compared to the 90° of transverse direction, the variant of the response of the material could be observed to be mildly anisotropically inclined instead of behaves as an isotropically behaved material. The response is also observable within the deformed microstructure. For instance, the higher strain rate indicates a higher number of voids, with a larger average void sizes, from this response it is observed the changes of the strain rate of the material would affect the material behaviour. As for the ferrite-martensite analysis, it could be observed in both different material orientations that as the lower strain rate was applied to the specimen, the strength of the material tends to become weaker since the martensite island becomes smaller at smaller strain rate levels

Experimental Two Way Quantum Key Distribution with Decoy State

We report on the first demonstration of a two way Quantum Key Distribution protocol with decoy state. The experiment was conducted over free space medium and exhibits a significant increase in the maximum secure distance

Conceptualización de la concientización sobre educación verde en la escuela primaria para promover la sostenibilidad

This research aims to make environmental awareness and action an intrinsic part of life at school. This should include the students, teachers, non-teaching staff, and parents, as well as the Local Authority, the media, and local business. Green education endeavors to extend learning beyond the classroom and develop responsible attitudes and commitment. Schools consume enormous quantities of paper and energy, produce tons of waste and carbon emissions, and rarely purchase environmentally friendly products. Schools use cleaners and pesticides with neurological and reproductive toxins, which are dangerous. Poor indoor air quality and nutrition at school are linked to soaring asthma and childhood obesity rates. Research now shows that greener, sustainable school environments can save money and resources, expand learning, and improve health. And ultimately, sustainable schools teach children to become good environmental citizens and will empower them to make a difference in the environment.Esta investigación tiene como objetivo hacer de la conciencia y la acción ambiental una parte intrínseca de la vida en la escuela. Esto debe incluir a los estudiantes, maestros, personal no docente y padres, así como a la Autoridad Local, los medios de comunicación y los negocios locales. La educación verde se esfuerza por extender el aprendizaje más allá del aula y desarrollar actitudes y compromisos responsables. Las escuelas consumen enormes cantidades de papel y energía, producen toneladas de residuos y emisiones de carbono, y rara vez compran productos ecológicos. Las escuelas usan limpiadores y pesticidas con toxinas neurológicas y reproductivas, que son peligrosas. La mala calidad del aire interior y la nutrición en la escuela están vinculadas a las elevadas tasas de asma y obesidad infantil. La investigación ahora muestra que los entornos escolares más verdes y sostenibles pueden ahorrar dinero y recursos, ampliar el aprendizaje y mejorar la salud. Y, en última instancia, las escuelas sostenibles enseñan a los niños a convertirse en buenos ciudadanos del medio ambiente y los capacitarán para hacer una diferencia en el medio ambiente

Ibn Fadlan's role in the Islamisation of Bulghar society

Islam is the oldest established religion among Bulghar entity, the residents along the riverbanks of the Volga-Kama triangle. This valley was famous as the first Islamic country erected in the Eastern European region. The presence of Islam in the region has raised the name of the ruler of Volga Bulgaria and was reinforced by relationship with Baghdad. The Islamisation of the Bulghar society is relevant to the role played by Ahmad ibn Fadlan, the ambassador of the Abbasid government based in Baghdad. Therefore, this article aims to examine the role played by Ibn Fadlan in the Islamization of the Bulghar society. For this study, a qualitative method using historical descriptive approach was employed, which involved compilation and evaluation of the facts of the Risalah Ibn Fadlān. Data for this study were obtained through library research. The data analyses were conducted through texts and document analyses, as well as comparison method. This study finds that Ibn Fadlan plays an important role in the islamisation of the Bulghar society, not just as an ambassador of Abbasid government but as a teacher, preacher and counselor to the Bulghar king and the whole nation

Analysis on social change among Bulghar society based on Risalah Ibn Fadlan 922 AD

The role of Islam in the forming of the society solidarity consisting of multi-ethnic backgrounds into a consistency ethno system is a great thing about the Volga Bulgaria that occupied by Bulghar society. The process of Islamization has become the main factors for social changes happened in the society. Thus, this writing is intended to analyse the social changes that occurred in the society that affected Bulghar society achievement, by referred to text analysis on Risalah Ibn Fadlan, 922 AD and some other sources related. For this study, the qualitative method using historical descriptive approach has been employed which involving compilation and evaluation of the facts of the Risalah Ibn Fadlān. Therefore, data onto this study were obtained through library research. The analyses on data study were conducted through texts and document analyses, as well as comparison method. This study finds islamization is the major factor contributing to the social change among Bulghar society. The social change in Bulghar society incorporating the changing of thinking to achieve development in education, the way of life, infrastructure, literature and the spirit of dacwah, the norms and values based on Islam, which the society adheres after becoming Muslim

Development of authentication code for multi-access optical code division multiplexing based quantum key distribution

One-weight authentication code for multi-user quantum key distribution (QKD) is proposed. The code is developed for Optical Code Division Multiplexing (OCDMA) based QKD network. A unique address assigned to individual user, coupled with degrading probability of predicting the source of the qubit transmitted in the channel offer excellent secure mechanism against any form of channel attack on OCDMA based QKD network. Flexibility in design as well as ease of modifying the number of users are equally exceptional quality presented by the code in contrast to Optical Orthogonal Code (OOC) earlier implemented for the same purpose. The code was successfully applied to eight simultaneous users at effective key rate of 32 bps over 27 km transmission distance