Bypassing damaged nervous tissue

It is shown the principal possibility of bypassing damaged demyelinated portions of the nervous tissue, thereby restoring its normal function for the passage of action potentials

Ponderomotive perturbations of low density low-temperature plasma under laser Thomson scattering diagnostics

The ponderomotive perturbation in the interaction region of laser radiation with a low density and low-temperature plasma is considered. Estimates of the perturbation magnitude are determined from the plasma parameters, geometry, intensity and wavelength of laser radiation. It is shown that ponderomotive perturbations can lead to large errors in the electron density when measured using Thomson scattering

Literature survey on low rank approximation of matrices

Low rank approximation of matrices has been well studied in literature. Singular value decomposition, QR decomposition with column pivoting, rank revealing QR factorization (RRQR), Interpolative decomposition etc are classical deterministic algorithms for low rank approximation. But these techniques are very expensive $(O(n^{3})$ operations are required for $n\times n$ matrices). There are several randomized algorithms available in the literature which are not so expensive as the classical techniques (but the complexity is not linear in n). So, it is very expensive to construct the low rank approximation of a matrix if the dimension of the matrix is very large. There are alternative techniques like Cross/Skeleton approximation which gives the low-rank approximation with linear complexity in n . In this article we review low rank approximation techniques briefly and give extensive references of many techniques

Non-thermal influence of a weak microwave on nerve fiber activity

This paper presents a short selective review of the non-thermal weak microwave field impact on a nerve fiber. The published results of recent experiments are reviewed and analyzed. The theory of the authors is presented, according to which there are strongly pronounced resonances in the range of about 30-300 GHz associated with the excitation of ultrasonic vibrations in the membrane as a result of interactions with the microwave radiation. These forced vibrations create acoustic pressure, which may lead to the redistribution of the protein transmembrane channels, thus changing the threshold of the action potential excitation in the axons of the neural network. The problem of surface charge on the bilayer lipid membrane of the nerve fiber is discussed. Various experiments for observing the effects considered are also discussed.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.594

On the possible mechanisms of the selective effect of a non-equilibrium plasma on healthy and cancer cells in a physiological solution

This paper discusses possible mechanisms for the selective effect of weakly ionized non-equilibrium plasma and currents in electrolyte on healthy and cancerous cells in physiological saline in a Petri dish. The interaction with the plasma source leads to a change in osmotic pressure, which affects the electro-mechanical properties of cell membranes in healthy and cancerous cells in different ways. The currents arising in the electrolyte charge the membranes of healthy and cancerous cells to a different potential difference due to the different values of the membranes' dielectric constant. We hypothesized that the dielectric permeability of cancer cell membranes is lower than that of healthy cells, as is the capacity of a unit of the membrane surface, and therefore, the additional potential difference acquired by the membrane through charging with currents induced in the intercellular electrolyte is greater in cancer cells. This can lead to electroporation of cancer cell membranes, resulting in their apoptosis, but does not effect healthy cells

Initiation and blocking of the action potential in the axon in weak ultrasonic or microwave fields

In this paper, we analyze the effect of the redistribution of the transmembrane ion channels in the axon caused by longitudinal acoustic vibrations of the membrane. These oscillations can be excited by an external source of ultrasound and weak microwave radiation interacting with the charges sitting on the surface of the lipid membrane. It is shown, using the Hodgkin-Huxley model of the axon, that the density redistribution of transmembrane sodium channels may reduce the threshold of the action potential, up to its spontaneous initiation. At the significant redistribution of sodium channels in membrane, the rarefaction zones of the transmembrane channels density are formed, blocking the propagation of the action potential. Blocking the action potential propagation along the axon is shown to cause anestesia in the example case of a squid axon. Various approaches to experimental observation of the effects considered in this paper are discussed

Cavitation near the oscillating piezoelectric plate in water

It is known that gas bubbles on the surface bounding a fluid flow can change the coefficient of friction and affect the parameters of the boundary layer. In this paper, we propose a method that allows us to create, in the near-wall region, a thin layer of liquid filled with bubbles. It will be shown that if there is an oscillating piezoelectric plate on the surface bounding a liquid, then, under certain conditions, cavitation develops in the boundary layer. The relationship between the parameters of cavitation and the characteristics of the piezoelectric plate oscillations is obtained. Possible applications are discussed

Surface tension of small bubbles and droplets and the cavitation threshold

In this paper, using an unified approach, estimates are given of the magnitude of the surface tension of water for planar and curved interfaces in the pairwase interaction approximation based on the Lennard-Jones potential. It is shown that the surface tensions of a bubble and droplet have qualitatively different dependences on the curvature of the surface: for the bubble, as the radius of the surface's curvature decreases, the surface tension decreases, whereas it increases on the droplet. The corresponding values of the Tolman corrections are also determined. In addition, it is shown that the dependence of the surface tension on the surface's curvature is important for evaluating the critical negative pressure for the onset of cavitation

Cavitation nanopore in the dielectric fluid in the inhomogeneous, pulsed electric fields

This paper discusses the nanopores emerging and developing in a liquid dielectric under the action of the ponderomotive electrostrictive forces in a nonuniform electric field. It is shown that the gradient of the electric field in the vicinity of the rupture (cavitation nanopore) substantially increases and determines whether the rupture grows or collapses. The cavitation rupture in the liquid (nanopore) tends to stretch along the lines of the original field. The mechanism of the breakdown associated with the generation of secondary ruptures in the vicinity of the poles of the nanopore is proposed. The estimations of the extension time for nanopore in water and oil (polar and nonpolar liquids, respectively) are presented. A new mechanism of nano- and subnanosecond breakdown in the insulating (transformer) oil that can be realized in the vicinity of water microdroplets in modern nanosecond high-voltage devices is considere

Initial stage of cavitation in liquids and its observation by Rayleigh scattering

A theory is developed for the initial stage of cavitation in the framework of Zel'dovich-Fisher theory of nucleation in the field of negative pressure, while taking into account the surface tension dependence on the nanopore radius. A saturation mechanism is proposed that limits the exponential dependence of the nucleation rate on the energy required to create nanopores. An estimate of the saturated density of nanopores at the nucleation stage is obtained. It is shown that Rayleigh scattering can detect nanopores arising at the initial stage of cavitation development