Estudio exegético del Salmo 110

El Salmo 110 se ha convertido en uno de los textos del AT con mayor número de referencias en todo el Nuevo Testamento. Especialmente importante es el primer versículo ya que es citado por Jesús en polémica con los escribas y fariseos (Mt 22,42-45 y par.). Por el contrario, sorprende que apenas existan referencias de este salmo en el AT. Con todo, la mención de Melquisedec en Sal 110,4 ha llevado a dirigir nuestra atención a Gn 14,18. En el NT y en la primerísima literatura patrística, las citas y alusiones del Salmo 110 testimonian una clara interpretación mesiánica. Esto ha llevado a pensar que dicha interpretación era ya corriente en el siglo primero de nuestra era. Por lo tanto, cabe preguntarse si tal interpretación es el resultado de una exégesis que fue desarrollándose con el correr de los siglos, heredada de la comprensión que el judaísmo va adquiriendo de este salmo. Según la investigación realizada, la interpretación mesiánica del Salmo 110 testimoniada en NT es fruto de un proceso de recepción del texto en sus distintas lecturas a lo largo de los siglos. Uno de los objetivos principales de la investigación era el de contribuir a conocer mejor la difusión de dicha interpretación que según la tesis se asentó en el período del Segundo Templo, testimoniado en la así conocida «literatura intertestamentaria». Para ello, se han consultado aquellos textos de dicha literatura que permitieran comprender mejor el valor mesiánico y escatológico del Salmo 110.Psalm 110 has become one of the OT texts with the highest number of references in the entire New Testament. Especially important is Ps 110,1 since it is quoted by Jesus in controversy with the scribes and Pharisees (Mt 22,42-45 and par.). On the contrary, it is surprising that there are hardly any references in the OT. However, the mention of Melchizedek in Ps 110,4 has led us to direct our attention to Gen 14,18. In the NT and in the very first patristic literature, the citations and allusions of Psalm 110 bear witness to a clear messianic interpretation. This has led to think that such an interpretation was already common in the first century of our era. Therefore, it is worth wondering if such an interpretation is the result of an exegesis that was developed over the centuries, inherited from the understanding that Judaism is acquiring from this psalm. According to the research carried out, the messianic interpretation of Psalm 110 attested in the NT is the result of a process of reception of the text in its different readings over the centuries. One of the main objectives of the research was to contribute to a better understanding of the dissemination of such interpretation that, according to the thesis, was established in the Second Temple period, witnessed in the so-called «intertestamental literature». We consulted those texts of that literature that allow us to better understand the messianic and eschatological value of Psalm 110

Chagas Disease and Heart Failure: An Expanding Issue Worldwide

Chagas disease, originally a South American endemic health problem, is expanding worldwide because of people migration. Its main impact is on the cardiovascular system, producing myocardial damage that frequently results in heart failure. Pathogenic pathways are mainly related to inmunoinflamatory reactions in the myocardium and, less frequently, in the gastrointestinal tract. The heart usually shows fibrosis, producing dilatation and damage of the electrogenic cardiac system. These changes result in cardiomyopathy with heart failure and frequent cardiac arrhythmias and heart blocks. Diagnosis of the disease must include a lab test to detect the parasite or its immune reactions and the usual techniques to evaluate cardiac function. Therapeutic management of Chagas heart failure does not differ significantly from the most common treatment for dilated cardiomyopathy, with special focus on arrhythmias and several degrees of heart block. Heart transplantation is reserved for end-stage cases. Major international scientific organisations are delivering recommendations for prevention and early diagnosis. This article provides an analysis of epidemiology, prevention, treatment and the relationship between Chagas disease and heart failure

Utilización de variables sencillas para identificar embarazadas con riesgo de preeclampsia-eclampsia

Objetivos: evaluar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo de pre-eclampsia - eclampsia (PE), y analizar la utilidad de variables clínicas para la detección de gestantes de riesgo.Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo de 15.469 partos consecutivos, asistidos el periodo 11-98/07-08. Se definió pre-eclampsia a 2 tomas de tensión arterial de ≥140-90 más proteinuria y eclampsia en presencia de convulsiones con un score de predicción utilizando el número de variables asociadas significativamente con PE en el análisis de regresión logística múltiple.Resultados: identificamos 623 (4%) pacientes con PE. La incidencia de pre-eclampsia por período fue 1.3% (1998-2000), 2.6% (2001-2002), 6.4% (2003-2004) y 5.5% (2004-2008), p<0.001. Las variables asociadas con PE fueron: primípara (OR=2.3, p<0.0001), edad materna ≥35 años (OR=2, p<0.0001), hipertensión arterial previa (OR=2.3, p<0.0001), embarazo múltiple (OR=3.4 p<0.0001), obesidad, (OR=2, p<0.0001), período inter-genésico ≥3 años (OR=1.4, p<0.0001), tabaquismo (OR=2.1, p<0.0001) y aborto previo (OR=1.3, p=0.014). El score de predicción mostró un área bajo la curva COR para diagnóstico de PE de 0.68, IC95%=0.66-0.70. Según definieron los siguientes cuartiles: C1: ninguna; C2: una variable; C3: dos variables y C4: 3 o más variables. La incidencia de PE de C1 a C4 fue: 1, 2.6, 4.3 y 8.9% (p<0.0001). El riesgo de C2 a C4 en comparación con C1 fue 2.6, 4.4 y 9.5 (<0.0001).Conclusiones: la PE se presentó en 4 de 100 partos, con un incremento de su incidencia. La utilización de un score basado en estos criterios de fácil obtención en la evaluación rutinaria del embarazo permitió identificar a gestantes con riesgo de PE

The Globall Football Glossary® Application: Timeless product and legacy of the 2014 FIFA World Cup™

This paper aims to analyse the development process of the Globall Football Glossary®. The Globall Football Glossary® is a mobile application developed by the Olympic Studies Research Group (GPEO) of the Pontifical University Catholic of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) for the FIFA World Cup Brazil 2014, aiming to broaden the cultural exchange among supporters and professionals during the megaevent. The application has more than 300 football terms and makes them available in four languages: Spanish, English, Portuguese and Russian. In the first development stage of the application it was used the different methodological steps of the Terminology’s Communication Theory for the definition of its database. As a result, it was created the Football Multilingual Lexicon containing eight semantical fields related to football: arbitration, areas of the field, equipment, act/action, positions, tactics, people e terms of the game. In the second development stage, the use of the terminotics and the concept Learning by Doing resulted in the creation and update of the application. A hybrid application was the choice of the authors made through an online platform for the development of applications called Thunkable. In this sense, the Globall Football Glossary® is characterized as a product that contributed with the academic-scientific legacy of the FIFA World Cup Brazil 2014 as well as timeless since it is updated every edition of the megaevent

The role of CCR5/CXCR3 expressing CD8+ cells in liver damage and viral control during persistent hepatitis C virus infection

20 p.Background/Aims:CXCR3 and CCR5 play a major role in recruiting cytotoxic T cells (Tc) and secreting secondary type 1 cytokines (Tc1) in the liver. HCV could impair their expression as a survival mechanism. The role of these chemokine receptors on CD8+ cells in chronic hepatitis C is analysed. Methods:Serum, chemokines, peripheral blood and intrahepatic lymphocytes from chronic hepatitis C patients were studied. CXCR3 / CCR5 expressing CD8+ cells were quantified by flow-cytometry. Serum chemokines concentration (CXCL10/CCL3) was measured by ELISA. Basal data were correlated with liver inflammation. Longitudinal data were obtained during treatment and correlated with virologic response. Results:CCR5/CXCR3 expressing CD8+ cells were enriched in the liver and correlated with inflammation. Chronic HCV patients presented the same frequency of CCR5high/CXCR3high expressing CD8+ cells in peripheral blood as in healthy controls but higher serum concentration of CXCL10/CCL3. Treatment with PEG-interferon a-2b plus ribavirin increased CCR5high/CXCR3high expressing CD8+ cells frequency in peripheral blood and decreased CXCL10/CCL3 serum concentration. Increase in CXCR3high expressing CD8+ cells after 24 weeks of treatment was correlated with SVR. Conclusions:In chronic hepatitis C, anti-viral treatment induces an increase in CD8+ cells expressing chemokine receptors associated with Tc1 response and a reduction in their ligands. Achievement of viral control is associated with an increase in CXCR3high expressing CD8+ cells during treatmentSchering-Plough-SpainJunta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Manch

Effect of energy sources on the apparent total tract digestibility and excretion of nutrients by bovine cattle

ABSTRACT Objective. To evaluate the effect of three energy sources on the intake, total apparent digestibility and excretion of nutrients in cattle diet. Materials and methods. Six ruminally cannulated cows (730 ± 70 kg) were distributed into three treatments in a replicated 3x3 Latin square experimental design, where: (I) Control: Low ether extract diet (3.50% EE); (II) Soybean: High ether extract diet (5.30% EE) with inclusion of 15% soybean and (III) Citrus pulp: Low ether extract diet (3.00% EE) and high pectin involvement with inclusion of 15% citrus pulp. To determine the digestibility of DM and its fractions, chromic oxide was used as a marker. Nutrient excretion was calculated from the digestibility coefficient of each fraction. Results. The soybean treatment reduced (p0.05) of the energy source on the digestibility coefficients of DM, CP, NDF, EE, NFE or OM. The TDN value was higher for the soybean treatment. The excretion of DM, NFE and OM was lower (p<0.05) for the soybean treatment. All energy sources influenced the excretion of crude protein. Conclusions. The energy sources used did not affect the digestibility of the diets and are indicated as high potential sources to be used in cattle

Relevamiento de parásitos zoonóticos y no zoonóticos en materia fecal canina y su importancia para la salud pública en la comunidad de Santa Lucía, partido de San Pedro, Buenos Aires.

La contextualización en proyectos de extensión genera que los estudiantes universitarios deban trabajar con tareas auténticas y significativas culturalmente, y necesitan aprender a resolver problemas con sentido social. A través de esta estrategia pedagógica (aprendizaje-servicio) se analizaron uno de los datos obtenidos en el proyecto Ubanex “Colaboremos con Santa Lucía”. Introducción. La comunidad de Santa Lucia (Pdo. De San Pedro, Bs. As.), presenta una población canina estimada en 650 animales, una alta proporción sin propietario. Esta situación genera alta contaminación ambiental a través de materia fecal canina, incrementando la probabilidad de infestación por parásitos zoonótico. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue detectar parásitosis zoonóticas y tomar medidas sanitarias acorde a los resultados obtenidos a partir de las distintas muestras, las obtenidas en la vía pública y las recolectadas por el Proyecto de Extensión (UBANEX) que pertenecen a caninos con dueño. Materiales y métodos: Entre Agosto de 2011 y Abril del 2012 se realizaron 118 exámenes coproparasitológicos . Las muestras se procesaron mediante la técnica de flotación-sedimentación de Willis. Se calcularon las prevalencias de parásitos totales, los porcentajes por especie y los porcentajes de muestras monoparasitadas y poliparasitadas. Resultados: Los parásitos identificados fueron: Trichuris vulpis, Ancylostoma caninum, Toxoascaris leonina, Toxocara canis, ooquistes de coccidios, Giardias sp.y Dipylidium caninum. La prevalencia total de parásitos fue significativamente mayor en los animales muestrados pertenecientes a integrantes de la comunidad pueblerina. Siendo también superior el porcentaje de muestras poliparasitadas con respecto a las muestras monoparasitadas. Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran una alta prevalencia de enteroparásitos de importancia zoonótica. En base a estos resultados se distribuyeron antiparasitarios, donación de laboratorio “Vetanco” logrando tratar a 300 caninos. Se realizaron pequeñas jornadas técnicas en las escuelas medias, sobre “Zoonosis parasitarias encontradas en Santa Lucía”. Se genero un mapa catrastal de zoonosis diagnosticadas, y se entrego al Hospital Municipal de Santa Lucía, un informe técnico. A pedido de la Municipalidad se planifico un ciclo de conferencias técnicas a desarrollar en el corriente año, tres campañas antiparasitarias anuales en la población de referencia y en el marco de un nuevo proyecto de extensión el relevamiento de nuevas zoonosis que puedan estar presentes en dicha comunidad rural. Palabras clave: caninos, materia fecal, parásitos, proyecto UBANEX, Salud pública

Emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) pela pecuária: situação e perspectivas para criação de um mercado de crédito de carbono

O mercado mundial de carbono desenvolveu-se rapidamente com\ud a ratificação do Protocolo de Quioto, sendo considerado como base para a\ud implantação deste mercado. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a\ud situação e perspectivas da emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) pela\ud pecuária, e a possível criação de um mercado de crédito de carbono. Pelos\ud dados levantados, pode-se afirmar que o Brasil tem um grande potencial para\ud a criação deste mercado, por possuir o maior rebanho bovino comercial do\ud mundo e importante participação na emissão de GEE, principalmente o metano.\ud Com um horizonte de crescimento para o setor, a melhora da eficiência técnica\ud e a utilização dos preceitos de sustentabilidade são fatores importantes para\ud quem almeja um desenvolvimento sólido e sustentável.Os organizadores autorizam a reprodução total ou parcial deste trabalho, para qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte

Effect of aliskiren on post-discharge outcomes among diabetic and non-diabetic patients hospitalized for heart failure: insights from the ASTRONAUT trial

Aims The objective of the Aliskiren Trial on Acute Heart Failure Outcomes (ASTRONAUT) was to determine whether aliskiren, a direct renin inhibitor, would improve post-discharge outcomes in patients with hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) with reduced ejection fraction. Pre-specified subgroup analyses suggested potential heterogeneity in post-discharge outcomes with aliskiren in patients with and without baseline diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods and results ASTRONAUT included 953 patients without DM (aliskiren 489; placebo 464) and 662 patients with DM (aliskiren 319; placebo 343) (as reported by study investigators). Study endpoints included the first occurrence of cardiovascular death or HHF within 6 and 12 months, all-cause death within 6 and 12 months, and change from baseline in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) at 1, 6, and 12 months. Data regarding risk of hyperkalaemia, renal impairment, and hypotension, and changes in additional serum biomarkers were collected. The effect of aliskiren on cardiovascular death or HHF within 6 months (primary endpoint) did not significantly differ by baseline DM status (P = 0.08 for interaction), but reached statistical significance at 12 months (non-DM: HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.64-0.99; DM: HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.91-1.47; P = 0.03 for interaction). Risk of 12-month all-cause death with aliskiren significantly differed by the presence of baseline DM (non-DM: HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.94; DM: HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.33; P < 0.01 for interaction). Among non-diabetics, aliskiren significantly reduced NT-proBNP through 6 months and plasma troponin I and aldosterone through 12 months, as compared to placebo. Among diabetic patients, aliskiren reduced plasma troponin I and aldosterone relative to placebo through 1 month only. There was a trend towards differing risk of post-baseline potassium ≥6 mmol/L with aliskiren by underlying DM status (non-DM: HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.71-1.93; DM: HR: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.30-4.42; P = 0.07 for interaction). Conclusion This pre-specified subgroup analysis from the ASTRONAUT trial generates the hypothesis that the addition of aliskiren to standard HHF therapy in non-diabetic patients is generally well-tolerated and improves post-discharge outcomes and biomarker profiles. In contrast, diabetic patients receiving aliskiren appear to have worse post-discharge outcomes. Future prospective investigations are needed to confirm potential benefits of renin inhibition in a large cohort of HHF patients without D