4,961 research outputs found
Conditional purity and quantum correlation measures in two qubit mixed states
We analyze and show experimental results of the conditional purity, the
quantum discord and other related measures of quantum correlation in mixed
two-qubit states constructed from a pair of photons in identical polarization
states. The considered states are relevant for the description of spin pair
states in interacting spin chains in a transverse magnetic field. We derive
clean analytical expressions for the conditional local purity and other
correlation measures obtained as a result of a remote local projective
measurement, which are fully verified by the experimental results. A simple
exact expression for the quantum discord of these states in terms of the
maximum conditional purity is also derived.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, to be published in J. Phys.
Estimating the predictive validity of diabetic animal models in rosiglitazone studies
For therapeutic studies, predictive validity of animal models - arguably the most important feature of animal models in terms of human relevance - can be calculated retrospectively by obtaining data on treatment efficacy from human and animal trials. Using rosiglitazone as a case study, we aim to determine the predictive validity of animal models of diabetes, by analyzing which models perform most similarly to humans during rosiglitazone treatment in terms of changes in standard diabetes diagnosis parameters (glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose levels). A further objective of this article is to explore the impact of four covariates on the predictive capacity: i) diabetes induction method, ii) drug administration route, iii) sex of animals, and iv) diet during the experiments
Sustainable business investment to advance livestock health and productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa: the African Livestock Productivity & Health Advancement (A.L.P.H.A.) initiative
Livestock are an essential asset to rural communities, and the health of livestock is critical for achieving food security in regions where there is exceptionally high incidence of livestock and human disease. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has amongst the highest human population growth rates in the world, with five-fold growth in Tanzania projected by 2100. Livestock productivity therefore must be improved by overcoming existing constraints to the livestock health sector, including: lack of access to quality veterinary medicines and products, poor rural extension services, limited sustainability of diagnostics services, and low education regarding animal health. Zoetis, the global animal health leader, partnered with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through a $14.4M business development grant with a key focus on sustainable improvement of livestock production in SSA. In the focal countries of Nigeria, Uganda, and now Tanzania and Ethiopia, the African Livestock Health and Productivity Advancement (A.L.P.H.A.) initiative centres around three central pillars namely; Veterinary Medicines & Services, Training & Education, and Veterinary Laboratory networks. Empowerment of the veterinary profession is a key component of our aim to demonstrate the value of animal health to farmers, particularly through encouraging business acumen and highlighting the importance of correct and responsible use of veterinary medicines. After successful launch activities in Nigeria and Uganda, we seek to continue our approach in Tanzania to focus on partnerships with important distributors, veterinary laboratories, and other key contributors to the supply chain to work towards common goals engineered for future growth and longevity.
Keywords: Productivity, Sub-Saharan Africa, livestock, sustainability, diagnostic
Electron-ion dynamics in laser-assisted desorption of hydrogen atoms from H-Si(111) surface
In the framework of real time real space time-dependent density functional theory we have studied the electron-ion dynamics of a hydrogen-terminated silicon surface H-Si(111) subjected to intense laser irradiation. Two surface fragments of different sizes have been used in the simulations. When the intensity and duration of the laser exceed certain levels (which depend on the wavelength) we observe the desorption of the hydrogen atoms, while the underlying silicon layer remains essentially undamaged. Upon further increase of the laser intensity, the chemical bonds between silicon
atoms break as well. The results of the simulations suggest that with an appropriate choice of laser parameters it should be possible to remove the hydrogen layer from the H-Si(111) surface in a matter of a few tens of femtoseconds. We have also observed that at high laser field intensities (2–4 V=A ° in this work) the desorption occurs even when the laser frequency is smaller than the optical gap of the silicon surface fragments. Therefore, nonlinear phenomena must play an essential role in such desorption processe
DISTRIBUTION OF THE LICHEN SPECIES CETRARIA ACULEATA IN HUNGARY
Cetraria aculeata became legally protected in Hungary in 2005. Though for several decades it was known from a few localities only, recently it turned out that it is more frequent than previously ascertained. However, its range of distribution is insufficiently known and the species is still regarded to be rare. The present assessment is based on its specimens from Hungary; the currently known data of occurrences are presented on an updated distribution map. The recent records from the Bakony Mts (Királyszentistván, Sóly), Mecsek Mts (Cserkút, Pécs) and the Velence Mts (Pázmánd) are new to Hungary, and the one from the Gödöllő Hills (Erdőkertes) turned to be a recent confirmation of Boros’ old record (1962) at Vácegres locality
The integrated 3-point correlation function of cosmic shear
We present the integrated 3-point shear correlation function
-- a higher-order statistic of the cosmic shear field -- which can be directly
estimated in wide-area weak lensing surveys without measuring the full 3-point
shear correlation function, making this a practical and complementary tool to
2-point statistics for weak lensing cosmology. We define it as the 1-point
aperture mass statistic measured at different locations on
the shear field correlated with the corresponding local 2-point shear
correlation function . Building upon existing work on the integrated
bispectrum of the weak lensing convergence field, we present a theoretical
framework for computing the integrated 3-point function in real space for any
projected field within the flat-sky approximation and apply it to cosmic shear.
Using analytical formulae for the non-linear matter power spectrum and
bispectrum, we model and validate it on N-body simulations
within the uncertainties expected from the sixth year cosmic shear data of the
Dark Energy Survey. We also explore the Fisher information content of
and perform a joint analysis with for two
tomographic source redshift bins with realistic shape-noise to analyse its
power in constraining cosmological parameters. We find that the joint analysis
of and has the potential to considerably improve
parameter constraints from alone, and can be particularly useful in
improving the figure of merit of the dynamical dark energy equation of state
parameters from cosmic shear data.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; v2 matches the accepted
manuscript; 18 pages + appendi
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