PELUANG AGRIBISNIS KORO PEDANG SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PENGGANTI KEDELAI UNTUK INDUSTRI TEMPE DI KABUPATEN JEMBER

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis prospek koro pedang sebagai bahan baku pengganti kedelai untuk industri di Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian menggunakan metode FGD (Focus Group Discussion) dan interview mendalam menggunakan kuestioner terhadap konsumen dan pengusaha industri tempe di beberapa wilayah Desa Karanganyar, Kecamatan Ambulu, Kabupaten Jember guna mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder, datan kemudian dianalisis dengan metode SWOT. Dari analisis SWOT diketahui bahwa adalah beberapa faktor internal yang mempengaruhi pengembangan koro pedang sebagai bahan baku pengganti kedelai dengan nilai IFAS sebesar 2,76, demikian pula ada beberapa faktor ekternal yang mempengaruhi dengan nilai EFAS sebesar 2,22. Nilai ini menunjukkan bahwa koro pedang yang digunakan bahan baku pengganti kedelai impor untuk industri tempe di Kabupaten Jember berada pada sektor abu-abu atau sektor lemah tetapi berpeluang (weakness-opportunity sector). Ini berarti bahwa usaha mempunyai peluang pasar yang prospektif dan memiliki kompetensi untuk meraih peluang tersebut, tetapi kelemahan perlu diatasi secara strategis melalui pelatihan dan tranfer pengetahuan untuk meningkatkan mutu SDM dan penguasaan teknis produksi koro pedang.Kata kunci: koro pedang (Canavalia ensiformis), industri tempe, agribisnis koro, SWO

Food supplements to reduce stunting in Pakistan: A process evaluation of community dynamics shaping uptake

Background: There is an increasing interest in use of food supplements to prevent childhood stunting, however the evidence on the process indicators is scarce. We in this study explore the barriers to the effective implementation of food supplementation programs and the possible mitigation strategies which can guide the design of future programs.Methods: We undertook a process evaluation of a stunting prevention food supplementation pilot program in rural Pakistan that distributed Wheat Soy Blend (WSB) to pregnant & lactating women, and Lipid-based Nutrient Supplement (LNS) and micronutrient powder (MNP) to \u3c 5 years children. We used a mixed methods approach through a quantitative survey of 800 households and conducted 18 focused group discussion (FGDs) (with male and female caregivers), 4 FGDs (with Community Health Workers (CHWs)) and 22 key informant interviews (with district stakeholders) to evaluate the community side factors affecting uptake through five parameters: value, acceptability, receipt of supplement, usage and correct dosage.Results: The findings show that proportionately few beneficiaries consumed the full dose of supplements, despite reasonable knowledge amongst caregivers. Sharing of supplements with other household member was common, and the full monthly stock was usually not received. Qualitative findings suggest that caregivers did not associate food supplements with stunting prevention. WSB was well accepted as an extra ration, LNS was popular due its chocolaty taste and texture, whereas MNP sprinkles were perceived to be of little value. The cultural food practices led to common sharing, whereas interaction with CHWs was minimal for nutrition counselling. Qualitative findings also indicate CHWs related programmatic constraints of low motivation, multi-tasking, inadequate counselling skills and weak supervision.Conclusion: We conclude that the community acceptability of food supplements does not translate into optimal consumption. Hence a greater emphasis is needed on context specific demand creation and focusing on the supply side constraints with improved logistical planning, enhanced motivation and supervision of community workers with involvement of multiple stakeholders. While, similar studies are needed in varying contexts to help frame universal guidelines.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02422953 . Registered on April 22, 2015

Retinal redetachment after pneumatic retinopexy – the importance of case selection

Pneumatic retinopexy is known as one of the treatment options for a specific type of retinal detachment. It is done in an office setting and may be the most cost-effective means of retinal reattachment surgery. Location and size of the retinal break remain as the major criteria for a successful outcome. We describe a case that fulfilled all except one major criteria for pneumatic retinopexy and underwent multiple procedures but failed. Fluctuation in the resolution of the retinal detachment such as in this particular case suggested possibility of early treatment failure

Vlasov simulations of electron acceleration by radio frequency heating near the upper hybrid layer

It is shown by using a combination of Vlasov and test particles simulations that the electron distribution function resulting from energization due to Upper Hybrid (UH) plasma turbulence depends critically on the closeness of the pump wave to the double resonance, defined as omega≈omega_UH≈n omega_ce where n is an integer. For pump frequencies, away from the double resonance the electron distribution function is very close to Maxwellian, while as the pump frequency approaches the double resonance it develops a high energy tail. The simulations show turbulence involving coupling between Lower Hybrid (LH) and UH waves, followed by excitation of Electron Bernstein (EB) modes. For the particular case of a pump with frequency between n=3 and n=4 the EB modes cover the range from the first to the 5th mode. The simulations show that when the injected wave frequency is between the 3rd and 4th electron cyclotron frequency, bulk electron heating occurs due to the interaction between the electrons and large amplitude EB waves, primarily on the first EB branch leading to an essentially thermal distribution. On the other hand, when the frequency is slightly above the 4th electron cyclotron harmonic, the resonant interaction is predominantly due to the UH branch and leads to a further acceleration of high-velocity electrons and a distribution function with a suprathermal tail of energetic electrons. The results are consistent with ionospheric experiments and relevant to the production of Artificial Ionospheric Plasma Layers

Application of the world health organization quality of life instrument, short form (WHOQOL-BREF) to patients with endometriosis

Objective Endometriosis, a common hormone-dependent chronic inflammatory disease causes various symptoms including pelvic pain, which affect the physical and psychological quality of life in women of reproductive age. The present study aimed to assess the quality of life of Iranian women with endometriosis using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Methods This cross-sectional study performed in Tehran between October 2014 and July 2016 included 70 Iranian women with endometriosis. The Iranian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure quality of life in these women. The Pearson's correlation coefficient, the paired and the independent t-tests, and a linear regression model were used to statistically analyze the data using the SPSS software version 16.0. Results The total mean score of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was 80.58. The highest and the lowest mean scores were observed in the environmental (28.15) and the physical health domains (10.59), respectively. A multiple linear regression model (backward method) showed that insurance coverage was associated with the total WHOQOL-BREF score, whereas age, insurance coverage, and income level were associated with domains 1 through 4, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion Endometriosis affects various aspects of the quality of life of Iranian women who therefore require holistic management focused on both, the physical and psychological aspects of treatment. © 2018 Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology

Experimental investigation on post-fire performances of fly ash concrete filled hollow steel column

In structural engineering practice, understanding the performance of composite columns under extreme loading conditions such as high-rise bulding, long span and heavy loads is essential to accuratly predicting of material responses under severe loads such as fires or earthquakes. Hitherto, the combined effect of partial axial loads and subsequent elevated temperatures on the performance of hollow steel column filled fly ash concrete have not been widely investigated. Comprehensive test was carried out to investigate the effect of elevated temperatures on partial axially loaded square hollow steel column filled fly ash concrete as reported in this paper. Four batches of hollow steel column filled fly ash concrete ( 30 percent replacement of fly ash), (HySC) and normal concrete (CFHS) were subjected to four different load levels, nf of 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% based on ultimate column strength. Subsequently, all batches of the partially damage composite columns were exposed to transient elevated temperature up to 250o C, 450o C and 650o C for one hour. The overall stress – strain relationship for both types of composited columns with different concrete fillers were presented for each different partial load levels and elevated temperature exposure. Results show that CFHS column has better performance than HySC at ambient temperature with 1.03 relative difference. However, the residual ultimate compressive strength of HySC subjected to partial axial load and elevated temperature exposure present an improvement compared to CFHS column with percentage difference in range 1.9% to 18.3%. Most of HySC and CFHS column specimens failed due to local buckling at the top and middle section of the column caused by concrete crushing. The columns failed due to global buckling after prolong compression load. After the compression load was lengthened, the columns were found to fail due to global buckling except for HySC0