9,291 research outputs found
Causality in Time-Neutral Cosmologies
Gell-Mann and Hartle (GMH) have recently considered time-neutral cosmological
models in which the initial and final conditions are independently specified,
and several authors have investigated experimental tests of such models.
We point out here that GMH time-neutral models can allow superluminal
signalling, in the sense that it can be possible for observers in those
cosmologies, by detecting and exploiting regularities in the final state, to
construct devices which send and receive signals between space-like separated
points. In suitable cosmologies, any single superluminal message can be
transmitted with probability arbitrarily close to one by the use of redundant
signals. However, the outcome probabilities of quantum measurements generally
depend on precisely which past {\it and future} measurements take place. As the
transmission of any signal relies on quantum measurements, its transmission
probability is similarly context-dependent. As a result, the standard
superluminal signalling paradoxes do not apply. Despite their unusual features,
the models are internally consistent.
These results illustrate an interesting conceptual point. The standard view
of Minkowski causality is not an absolutely indispensable part of the
mathematical formalism of relativistic quantum theory. It is contingent on the
empirical observation that naturally occurring ensembles can be naturally
pre-selected but not post-selected.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX. Published version -- minor typos correcte
The Index of Dirac Operators on Incomplete Edge Spaces
We derive a formula for the index of a Dirac operator on a compact,
even-dimensional incomplete edge space satisfying a "geometric Witt condition".
We accomplish this by cutting off to a smooth manifold with boundary, applying
the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem, and taking a limit. We deduce
corollaries related to the existence of positive scalar curvature metrics on
incomplete edge spaces
A simple necessary decoherence condition for a set of histories
Within the decoherent histories formulation of quantum mechanics, we
investigate necessary conditions for decoherence of arbitrarily long histories.
We prove that fine-grained histories of arbitrary length decohere for all
classical initial states if and only if the unitary evolution preserves
classicality of states (using a natural formal definition of classicality). We
give a counterexample showing that this equivalence does not hold for
coarse-grained histories.Comment: 11 pages,LaTe
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