4 research outputs found
Summary of hemodynamic data in all animals prior to, during and for 30 minutes following treatment.
*<p>ultrasound,</p>†<p>microbubble.</p>‡<p>heart rate,</p>§<p>systolic blood pressure,</p><p>||diastolic blood pressure,</p><p>#systemic oxygen saturation,</p>**<p>activated clotting time.</p
Intracardiac and transcutaneous echocardiographic images during treatment.
<p>Panel A demonstrates clean tip of the CVC (arrow) at baseline without any adherent thrombus. Panel B shows a stable thrombus formed at the CVC tip (arrow) 24 hrs after withdrawing 0.5–0.7 milliliters of blood into the CVC. Panels C and E show intracardiac (ICE) images demonstrating high concentration of microbubbles within the distal end and around the CVC in the superior vena cava on low MI imaging. Panels D and F show rapid and complete clearing of microbubbles with the application of high mechanical index pulse sequences to insonify the CVC tip (white arrows).</p
Histologic examination of residual post-treatment thrombus.
<p>Panel A shows organized thrombus at the tip of a catheter explanted from the superior vena cava. Panel B shows cross section of the superior vena cava with its proliferated and inflamed intima and organized thrombus within. Panel C demonstrates a combination of newer and older organized thrombi and evidence of chronic inflammatory cells including eosinophils on light microscopy.</p
Intracardiac echocardiography before and after treatment.
<p>Examples of intracardiac echocardiographic images of the CVC tip before (panels A, C) and after (panels B, D) long pulse ultrasound and microbubble treatments demonstrating varying grades of thrombus reduction after treatment. Thrombus dissolution was complete (Panel B), near complete (Panel D).</p