Hall anomaly by vacancies vs fragments of vortex lattice: Quantitative analyses of new evidences

Despite numerous recent studies on the Hall anomaly following the discovery of cuprate superconductivity, the origin of this phenomenon remains contentious. We demonstrate that a previously proposed mechanism, in which vacancy-on-fragment of the flux-line crystal, provides an alternative explanation for the observations of $\rm{Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{x}}$ thin films made by Nitzav and Kanigel [Phys. Rev. B. 107, 094516 (2023)], without the need for adjustable parameters. Specifically, we show that the power-law behavior of $\rho_{xy}$ over $\rho_{xx}$, with and without sign reversal, is consistent with the picture of vacancies versus fragments. Interestingly, we find that the effective length of vortex lines is consistently 1.5 unit cells (UC) across different experiments, independent of film thickness.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.0338

Response Of River Hydrological And Habitat Features To Water Supplement By Upstream Dam In Lijiang River, China

River development has impact on river hydrology instantly, and then produces far-reaching influence on river ecology gradually. Research on hydrological and ecological response to river environmental variation has caught much attention for river sustainable exploitation. This research, takingLijiangRiveras a case, developed a river habitat model integrated with water environmental model, which used to analyze the relations of hydrological and habitat features to flow regime variation due to upstream reservoir operation. This paper analyzed the hydraulic and water quality variation under two different flow schemes, and assessed habitat evolution before and after implementation of water supplement project. Finally, the optimum objective of water supplement was determined by comprehensive consideration of hydrodynamic and river habitat

DALiuGE: A Graph Execution Framework for Harnessing the Astronomical Data Deluge

The Data Activated Liu Graph Engine - DALiuGE - is an execution framework for processing large astronomical datasets at a scale required by the Square Kilometre Array Phase 1 (SKA1). It includes an interface for expressing complex data reduction pipelines consisting of both data sets and algorithmic components and an implementation run-time to execute such pipelines on distributed resources. By mapping the logical view of a pipeline to its physical realisation, DALiuGE separates the concerns of multiple stakeholders, allowing them to collectively optimise large-scale data processing solutions in a coherent manner. The execution in DALiuGE is data-activated, where each individual data item autonomously triggers the processing on itself. Such decentralisation also makes the execution framework very scalable and flexible, supporting pipeline sizes ranging from less than ten tasks running on a laptop to tens of millions of concurrent tasks on the second fastest supercomputer in the world. DALiuGE has been used in production for reducing interferometry data sets from the Karl E. Jansky Very Large Array and the Mingantu Ultrawide Spectral Radioheliograph; and is being developed as the execution framework prototype for the Science Data Processor (SDP) consortium of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) telescope. This paper presents a technical overview of DALiuGE and discusses case studies from the CHILES and MUSER projects that use DALiuGE to execute production pipelines. In a companion paper, we provide in-depth analysis of DALiuGE's scalability to very large numbers of tasks on two supercomputing facilities.Comment: 31 pages, 12 figures, currently under review by Astronomy and Computin

Correlation of immune function: gut microbiota and radiation enteritis in patients with cervical cancer

Objective To investigate the relationship of immune function and gut microbiota with radiation enteritis （RE） in patients with cervical cancer. Methods Clinical data of 80 patients with cervical cancer were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into the RE group （n=29） or non-RE group （n=51） according to the incidence of RE within 3 months after radiotherapy. According to the CTCAE5.0 adverse reaction evaluation criteria， patients in the RE group were divided into the low-symptom grade subgroup （grade 1， n=18） and high-symptom grade subgroup （≥ grade 2， n=11）. Plasma T lymphocyte subsets and B lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry. 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing were used for sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of gut microbiota. Results The levels of CD4+/CD8+ and B lymphocytes in the RE group were significantly lower than those in the non-RE group before and after radiotherapy （all P < 0.05）. In the RE group， the levels of CD4+/CD8+ and B lymphocytes in the low-symptom grade subgroup were significantly higher than those in the high-symptom grade subgroup （all P < 0.05）. The α-diversity of gut microbiota in the non-RE group was higher than that in the RE group before and after radiotherapy （both P < 0.05）. The major bacterial genera with significant differences between two groups were Firmicutes and Synergistetes. The relative abundance of Acidaminococcus and Dialister in the RE group was significantly higher than that in the non-RE group， and the relative abundance of Pyramidobacter was significantly lower than that in the non-RE group before and after radiotherapy （all P < 0.05）. Conclusions CD4+/CD8+， proportion of B lymphocyte and characteristics of gut microbiota are closely correlated with RE in patients with cervical cancer. The decreases in CD4+/CD8+ and proportion of B lymphocyte， and intestinal microecological imbalance during treatment may increase the risk of RE

PCR-Based Seamless Genome Editing with High Efficiency and Fidelity in <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Efficiency and fidelity are the key obstacles for genome editing toolboxes. In the present study, a PCR-based tandem repeat assisted genome editing (TRAGE) method with high efficiency and fidelity was developed. The design of TRAGE is based on the mechanism of repair of spontaneous double-strand breakage (DSB) via replication fork reactivation. First, cat-sacB cassette flanked by tandem repeat sequence was integrated into target site in chromosome assisted by Red enzymes. Then, for the excision of the cat-sacB cassette, only subculturing is needed. The developed method was successfully applied for seamlessly deleting, substituting and inserting targeted genes using PCR products. The effects of different manipulations including sucrose addition time, subculture times in LB with sucrose and stages of inoculation on the efficiency were investigated. With our recommended procedure, seamless excision of cat-sacB cassette can be realized in 48 h efficiently. We believe that the developed method has great potential for seamless genome editing in E. coli

Optimizing the operation of the Qingshitan Reservoir in the Lijiang River for multiple human interests and quasi-natural flow maintenance

For reservoir operation, maintaining a quasi-natural flow regime can benefit river ecosystems, but may sacrifice human interests. This study took the Qingshitan Reservoir in the Lijiang River as a case, and developed an optimization model to explore a trade-off solution between social-economic interests and nature flow maintenance on a monthly base. The objective function considered irrigation, cruise navigation and water supply aspects. An index of flow alteration degree was proposed to measure the difference between the regulated discharge and the natural flow. The index was then used as an additional constraint in the model besides the conventional constraints on reservoir safety. During model solving, different criteria were applied to the index, representing various degrees of alteration of the natural flow regime in the river. Through the model, a relationship between social-economic interests and flow alteration degree was established. Finally, a trade-off solution of the reservoir operation was defined that led to a favorable social-economic benefit at an acceptable alteration of the natural flow

Metal-Optic Nanophotonic Modulators in Standard CMOS Technology

Integrating nanophotonics with electronics promises revolutionary applications, from LiDAR to holographic displays. Although silicon photonics is maturing, realizing active nanophotonics in the ubiquitous bulk CMOS processes remains challenging. We introduce a fabless approach to embed active nanophotonics in bulk CMOS by co-designing the back-end-of-line metal layers for optical functionality. Using a 65nm CMOS process, we create plasmonic liquid crystal modulators with switching speeds 100x faster than commercial technologies. This zero-change nanophotonics method could equip mass-produced chips with optical communications, sensing and imaging. Embedding nanophotonics in the dominant electronics platform democratizes nanofabrication, spawning technologies from chip-scale LiDAR to holographic light-field displays