Study on the Historical Chart of China during the Sixteenth and Eighteenth Century

Abstract

中国古代历史海图并非完全数学意义上的测绘地图，它是指为了一定的目的，利用文字贴说等形式，有选择地描绘海洋及其毗邻陆地的自然环境、行政军事建制与航海要素的图形。大体可分为航海图、海防图和海疆图三类，航海图因航海贸易需求而诞生并日渐完善，海防图因海洋安全需要而绘制并日益细致，海疆图则随着海洋开发和管理的发展而逐步丰富。 中国古代历史海图蕴藏着大量帆船时代的航海文明要素，包括航路定向、航线计程、船舶定位、占风避风、柴水补给和海神祭祀等，航海定向和航海计程是航海活动的主体，船舶定位是验证航海方向和里程计算是否正确的重要依据，占风避风是保证航行安全的重要手段，柴水补给是远洋航行的物质保障，祭祀海神是远...The historical charts in ancient China is not the absolute mapping in mathematic meaning, but is a map which was protracted on the environment、chain of command and military and elements of navigation with some text notes for the given aim in ocean and terrene abut area, can divided into three parts, such as charts for navigation、drawings for coast defence and maps painted the coastal areas and ter...学位：历史学博士院系专业：人文学院历史学系_海洋史学学号：1032007015376