Caser, Matteo

Demasi, Sonia

Fogliatto, Silvia

Scariot, Valentina

Trotta, Francesco

Vidotto, Francesco

English

Institutional Research Information System University of Turin

Data in brief 26 (2019) 104550Contents lists available at ScienceDirectData in briefjournal homepage: www.elsevier .com/locate/dibData ArticleAilanthone inhibition data on seed germinationand seedling growth of Lepidium sativum L. andRaphanus sativus L.Sonia Demasi a, Matteo Caser a, Silvia Fogliatto a,Francesco Vidotto a, Francesco Trotta b, Valentina Scariot a, *a Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Torino, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095,Grugliasco, TO, Italyb Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria, 7, 10125, Torino, Italya r t i c l e i n f oArticle history:Received 23 July 2019Received in revised form 29 August 2019Accepted 16 September 2019Available online 23 September 2019Keywords:Ailanthus altissimaAllelopathyQuassinoidPhytotoxicityNatural herbicideDOI of original article: https://doi.org/10.1016/* Corresponding author.E-mail address: valentina.scariot@unito.it (V. Schttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.1045502352-3409/© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elscreativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).a b s t r a c tAilanthone is a quassinoid from Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swinglewith allelopathic properties that deserves interest for its potentialuse as a natural herbicide. Data about seed germination and rootand hypocotyl length of two model species (Lepidium sativusL.ˈIngleseˈ and Raphanus sativus L.ˈTondo Rosso BIOˈ) treated withdifferent concentrations of ailanthone are reported. Data derivefrom experiments performed in a growth chamber on filter paper,non-sterile urban soil, and a cultivation substrate for horticulture.Part of their elaboration and interpretation can be found in theresearch article titled “Ailanthone from Ailanthus altissima (Mill.)Swingle as potential natural herbicide” (Demasi et al., 2019).© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an openaccess article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).j.scienta.2019.108702.ariot).evier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://Specifications TableSubject area Plant scienceMore specific subjectareaHorticulture, Crop protectionType of data Graphs and tablesHow data wasacquiredCounting of germinated seeds and measurement of root and hypocotyl length were analyzed by R software(R CoreTeam, 2017); SPSS software (SPSS Inc., version 25, Chicago, Illinois)Data format Raw and analyzedExperimentalfeaturesGermination, root and hypocotyl length were recorded after treating seeds of garden cress and radish withdifferent concentrations of ailanthone, in Petri dishes or plastic flasks, with filter paper, non-sterile soil orcultivation substrateData source location Italy, Grugliasco (TO), facilities of Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences e University ofTorino (4503058.500N; 735029.100E)Data accessibility Data are available from the corresponding author upon requestRelated researcharticleS. Demasi, M. Caser, F. Vanara, S. Fogliatto, F. Vidotto, M. Negre, F. Trotta, V. Scariot, Ailanthone fromAilanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle as potential natural herbicide, Sci. Hortic., 257, 2019, 108702 [1]Value of the Data Data on ailanthone herbicidal activity can serve as a benchmark for additional insights on ailanthone mode of action andbioactivity and comparisons with other allelopathic compounds. Data on germination and growth inhibition assessed on both garden cress and radish can provide information to assesseffective doses and selectivity of ailanthone for further experiments on weed management. The dataset on ailanthone herbicidal activity can be used to compare its efficacy to that of other herbicidal compounds,both natural and synthetic.S. Demasi et al. / Data in brief 26 (2019) 10455021. DataAilanthone is a natural phytotoxic compound [1,2]. The data in this article describe its pre-emergence herbicidal activity in terms of germination and growth inhibition on two model species,namely garden cress (Lepidium sativum L. ˈIngleseˈ) and radish (Raphanus sativus L. ˈTondo Rosso BIOˈ),sown on filter paper, cultivation substrate and non-sterile soil, in controlled laboratory conditions. Thedose-response curve of ailanthone (Ail) on filter paper and related information are reported in Fig. 1,Fig. 2, Table 1, and Table 2. The phytotoxicity dynamics of 1.5 and 7.5mg L1 of Ail along 30 days on filterpaper is reported in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 shows the response to 7.5, 30, 60, and 90 mg L1 of Ail on a cultivationsubstrate and on non-sterile soil. Lastly, the effect of 30, 60, and 90mg L1 of Ail in cultivation substrateduring time is displayed in Fig. 5. Part of the dataset was used to calculate the index of germination andthe index of growth as reported in the related paper [1].2. Experimental design, materials, and methodsTo assess the dose-response curve, ten seeds per each species were placed on filter paper disk(Whatman No. 1, Maidstone, UK), in a 9 cm-diameter Petri dishes. Treatments consisted in 5 mL ofincreasing concentrations of Ail (Baoji Herbest Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. Baoji, China) distributed as aqueoussolutions (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 mg L1). Seeds treated with 5 mL of deionised water were used ascontrol. Dishes were placed in a growth chamber at 25 C, in dark conditions and 96 hours after thetreatment, the germination (%) and the mean root length (mm) of germinated seeds per dish wererecorded. Three replicates were prepared per each treatment (30 seeds).Five seeds were placed on filter paper in 100 mL plastic flasks to assess the phytotoxicity dynamicsof 1.5 and 7.5 mg L1 of Ail during time. 1.7 mL of treatment or deionised water was added and flaskswere placed in a growth chamber at 25 C, with 12h of light and 12 h of dark. Ten days after treatment(DAT), the germination (%), the mean root length (mm) and the mean hypocotyl length (mm) ofgerminated seeds per flask were recorded. Six replicates (30 seeds) per treatment were prepared. Allseedlings and non-germinated seeds were removed and new seeds were put on the filter paper.Fig. 1. Dose-response curve of total germination (proportion of germinated seeds in the control) of radish (Raphanus sativus) inresponse to different concentrations of ailanthone in filter paper after 96 hours under controlled conditions. For garden cress, onlythe average values of total germination are reported, as it was not possible to draw a regression curve.S. Demasi et al. / Data in brief 26 (2019) 104550 3Deionised water was added to prevent dryness. The same assessment of 10 DAT was performed at 20DAT and repeated again at 30 DAT, after replacing seedling and non-germinated seeds with new seeds.The sensitivity of the two model species was also evaluated in non-sterile soil and in a cultivationsubstrate used in horticulture (Floradur® B Seed, Floragard Vertriebs-GmbH) [1]. Plastic flasks (100mL) were filled with 20 g of substrate or soil and moistened with 5 mL of deionised water. Five seedswere then placed and treated with 1.7 mL of deionised water or Ail aqueous solutions (7.5, 30, 60, and90 mg L1). Flasks were maintained in the dark at 25 C in a growth chamber for 96 hours; afterwards,germination (%) and the mean root length (mm) of germinated seeds per flask were recorded (Fig. 4).Three replicates (15 seeds) per treatment were prepared.As well as was done in filter paper, the phytotoxicity dynamics of 30, 60 and 90 mg L1 of Ail wasalso evaluated in non-sterile soil and cultivation substrate, collecting data on the germination (%), themean root length (mm) and the mean hypocotyl length (mm) of germinated seeds per flask at 10, 20and 30 DAT (Fig. 5). Three replicates (15 seeds) per treatment were prepared.As for the dose-response assessment, a curve was prepared for each parameter recorded (germi-nation and root length). In particular, concerning the germination, a separate regression analysis wasperformed for each species between Ail concentration (independent variable) and the total germi-nation (proportion of germinated seeds), (dependent variable) fitting the following two parameterslog-logistic model to binomial response (Equation (1)):GT¼ 11þ exp½bðlogðxÞ  logðeÞÞ (1)where GT is the total germination expressed as a proportion of germinated seeds, b and e are the curveparameters, with b being the relative slope at the point of inflection e and x is the Ail concentration(in mg L1). For garden cress, it was not possible to draw a regression curve as the germination did notdecrease strongly at increasing rates of Ail. Regarding the root length at different Ail concentrations,data were prior transformed as a percentage of root length of the control. Afterward, for each species aseparate regression analysis was performed between Ail concentration (independent variable) andthe root length (dependent variable) fitting the following four parameters log-logistic model(Equation (2)):Fig. 2. Dose-response curve of root length (proportion of control) of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) and radish (Raphanus sativus)in response to different concentrations of ailanthone in filter paper after 96 hours under controlled conditions.S. Demasi et al. / Data in brief 26 (2019) 1045504Y¼ cþ d c1þ exp½bðlogðxÞ  logðeÞÞ (2)where Y is the root length at each Ail concentrations, b, c and e are the curve parameters, with b beingthe relative slope at the point of inflection e, c the lower limit and d the upper limit, and x is the Ailconcentration (in mg L1). For both total germination and root length, the regression analysis wasperformed using the function drm of the add-on package drc of the R software [3]. The effectiveTable 1Ailanthone concentration (mg L1) required to reduce by 10%, 50% and 90% (ED10, ED50 and ED90, respectively) radish totalgermination and their lower and upper limits of the confidence interval.Radish Lower limit Upper limitED10 0.79 0.61 0.96ED50 2.68 2.40 2.96ED90 9.11 7.13 11.08Table 2Ailanthone concentration (mg L1) required to reduce by 10%, 50% and 90% (ED10, ED50 and ED90, respectively) garden cress andradish root length and ED ratio with its lower and upper limits of the confidence interval.Garden cress Radish ED ratioa ED ratio lower limit Ed ratio upper limitED10 0.37 0.44 0.86ns 0.17 1.54ED50 1.03 1.49 0.69* 0.51 0.88ED90 2.85 5.07 0.56* 0.13 0.99The statistical relevance is provided (ns, non-significant; *p  0.05).a ED ratio: calculated as EDx garden cress/EDx radish.Fig. 3. Germination (%), root length (mm) and hypocotyl length (mm) of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) (a, b, c) and radish(Raphanus sativus) (d, e, f) recorded in response to 0 mg L1 (white bars), 1.5 mg L1 (black bars) and 7.5 mg L1 (grey bars) ofailanthone in filter paper at 10, 20, and 30 days after treatment (DAT). Different upper case letters along the same treatment ordifferent lower case letters within the same evaluation day indicate significant differences (Tukey post-hoc test; p < 0.05).S. Demasi et al. / Data in brief 26 (2019) 104550 5concentration required to reduce by 10%, 50% and 90% the total germination and the root length (ED10,ED50, ED90) was calculated using the function ED of the package drc. The function EDcomp of thepackage drcwas used to calculate the ratio between the ED values of the two species (ED ratio) only forroot length and to test the significance of differences of ED10, ED50, and ED90 between the two species.Fig. 4. Germination (%) and root length (mm) of garden cress (Lepidium sativum, solid line) and radish (Raphanus sativus, dashedline) recorded in response to 0, 7.5, 30, 60, and 90 mg L1 of ailanthone in cultivation substrate (a, b) and non-sterile soil (c, d) after96 h. Different upper case letters in radish or different lower case letters in garden cress indicate significant differences (Tukey post-hoc test; p < 0.05).Fig. 5. Germination (%), root length (mm) and hypocotyl length (mm) of garden cress (Lepidium sativum) (a, b, c) and radish(Raphanus sativus) (d, e, f) in response to 0 mg L1 (white bars), 30 (black bars), 60 (grey bars) and 90 mg L1 (light grey bars) ofailanthone in cultivation substrate 10, 20 and 30 days after treatment (DAT). Different upper case letters along the same treatment ordifferent lower case letters within the same evaluation day indicate significant differences (Tukey post-hoc test; p < 0.05).S. Demasi et al. / Data in brief 26 (2019) 1045506Differences were considered significant when the confidence interval of ED ratio at p  0.05 did notincluded one.All the other data were analyzed through SPSS software (SPSS Inc., version 25, Chicago, Illinois). Thehomogeneity of variance (Levene test) was tested, then one-way ANOVA was used to analyse thephytotoxic effect of Ail on model species, separating means according to Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05).AcknowledgmentsAll the cited experiments were performed in the framework of the Project “GreeNS3P” (Tor-ino_call2014_L1_141), funded by Compagnia San Paolo of Torino, Italy. Authors thanksWalter Gaino forhis support and assistance in the setup of the trials.Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relation-ships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.References[1] S. Demasi, M. Caser, F. Vanara, S. Fogliatto, F. Vidotto, M. Negre, F. Trotta, V. Scariot, Ailanthone from Ailanthus altissima (Mill.)Swingle as potential natural herbicide, Sci. Hortic. (Amst.) 257 (2019) 108702, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108702.[2] I. Kowarik, I. S€aumel, Biological flora of central Europe: Ailanthus altissima (mill.) Swingle, perspect, Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 8(2007) 207e237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2007.03.002.[3] RCoreTeam, A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria,2017. http://www.R-project.org/.

Ailanthone inhibition data on seed germination and seedling growth of Lepidium sativum L. and Raphanus sativus L

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Ailanthone inhibition data on seed germination and seedling growth of Lepidium sativum L. and Raphanus sativus L

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