Ward, LJ

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Leeds Beckett Repository

A Journey fromWork Placement to Work Integrated Learning Pedagogy. What I’ve learned from my own Research and Practice and Research and Collaboration with othersLisa J Ward BSc MSc FHEAPlacement Services ManagerLeeds Beckett UniversityOutline• My background• Interest in Work Placements• Some people who have inspired me• My research and changing perspective on:• Teaching and Learning• Work Integrated Learning (WIL) Pedagogy• MWIL (Multiple WIL)Franklin D. Roosevelt‘Competition has been shown to be useful up to a certain point and no further, but cooperation, which is the thing we must strive for today, begins where competition leaves off’. My BackgroundInsert PicturesWomen’s WorkSchool Work ExperienceMaths DegreeKodak – Quality ImprovementTotal Quality ManagementSPCW Edwards DemingMSc Manufacturing Systems EngineeringInterface between Business and ITGlaxoTablet ManufacturingPeople ManagementManufacturingProf Brendan EvansPVC Academic AffairsIntroduced Work Placements into Politics and HistoryAround 1980Why bother going on Work Placement?Everyone knows’ students who do placements get better jobs and degreesBut where is the evidence to support this?DLHE Analysis 2005Updated Research• Jones, C.M., Green, J.P., Higson, H.E., (2015), ‘Do work placements improve final year academic performance or do high calibre students choose to do work placements’, Studies in Higher Education, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03075079.2015.1073249• Tanaka, Y., (2014) ‘The Economics of Cooperative Education: A practitioner’s guide to the theoretical framework and empirical assessment of cooperative education.’ Routledge Studies in the Modern World economy.• Brooks, R., & Youngson, P., (2014) 'Undergraduate work placements: an analysis of the effects on career progression', Studies in Higher Education, 41 (9)So despite this evidence, why don’t students do placement?1988 Peer Group 80-90% on placement- Exception home based students2005 – 50% take up• Many more students living at home• Financial Pressures• Desire to Graduate• Peer Group• Housing Choice• Social FactorsUse others to PersuadeDr Karsten Zegwaard• Director of Co-operative Education at University of Waikato• Winner of Donald MacLaren Jr Award for Professional Advancement of CWIE• Editor of International Journal Work Integrated Learning (IJWIL) prev APJCE• Editor International Handbook for CWIEWhat about the Employer Voice?Tripartite Relationship:Students EmployersUniversity• Filmed and followed 14 students with employers and academics over 2 years.• Produced 40 films.• Massive physical difference in confidence.• Transformative experience noticed by students, employers and academics.• Employers – wanted to give something back.Student Placement JourneysJudie Kay• President of ACEN for over a decade• Australian research / academic alignment culture• Winner of Dr Constantine Papadakis Leadership Award• Developed Australian Statement of Intent for WIL, leading to National Strategy for WILNational Association MeetingsACEN – Australian Collaborative Education NetworkASET – Work based and Placement Learning (UK)CAFCE – Canadian Association for Co-operative EducationNZACE – New Zealand Association for Co-operative EducationSASCE – Southern African Society for Co-operative educationTACE – Thai Association for Co-operative EducationThe Vilar Network (Sweden)JapanTeaching and Learning InstituteAcademic ExcellenceNew roleMaking time for researchWhere Teaching and Learning Meets Work integrated LearningSupporting Humanities Initiativeshttps://www.heacademy.ac.uk/system/files/ee_huddersfield_-_hea.pdfResearch PartnershipUniversity of Waterloo, Canada – Dr Maureen DrysdaleUniversity West, Sweden – Dr Kristina JohansenUniversity of Central Florida, USA – Dr Sheri DresslerLiverpool John Moores University, UK – Dr Elena ZaitsevaUniversity of Huddersfield – Lisa WardComplex questionnaire which took 20 minutes to completeBased on American Psychological ScalesFindingsIndependent samples T-tests on students who pursue placements at the University of Huddersfield:• Significantly higher trait hope (positive motivational state)• Higher agency (sense of control)• Improved test anxiety (extreme distress in testing situations)In effect higher confidence, resilience and sense of controlThan their non-placement counterparts. However there were no significant differences in:• Academic Self Efficacy (belief in own abilities and meting challenges)• Motivation and Study Skills• Procrastination.Multiple Work Integrated Learning (MWIL) . What is it?All previous slide plus Study Abroad and wider definition of Experiential Learning.Multiple WIL or MWIL is when students engage in multiple WIL activities.Data showed something special about students who engaged in around 5 WIL experiences.Psychological Differences Intensified by MWILThe more work-related experiences students have:•the more hope•intrinsic goal orientation•confidence in attaining their goals•academic self-efficacy they have.Consistent across both:- multiple distinct placement experiences- multiple work related activities (such as voluntary work, experiential learning, internships, etc),though multiple work related activities appeared to influence a greater range of psychological factors including positive self concept and self esteem.What is WIL PedagogyIntentional DesignWoven PlacementsDeep ReflectionSonia FernsWorld expert on WIL Pedagogy, leading majorcollaborative projects. Her PhD is a rich source of references.Embedding Career Development LearningAssessment TheorySonia was a member of the lead team for the OLT project: Assessing the impact of work-integrated learning (WIL) on student work readiness – one of the biggest WIL studies ever completedhttp://acen.edu.au/assessing-the-impact-of-wil-on-student-work-readiness/Developing strategies to maximise industry contribution and engagement with the WIL experience.Does this go against previous knowledge?Could this mean the end of the gold standard of 'Sandwich Placements?'What is it about MWIL that makes this difference?The More the Merrier –Qualitative Research• 14 students across 7 academic schools• Some placements• Some others forms of MWIL• Initially based upon Salmon Line (King & Horrocks, 2010)• Developed Placement Timeline• Capture: personal development, learning and sense of progression.Formal MWIL • Intentionally designed curriculum• MWIL exemplarPodiatry• Lectures• Placements• 2 days a week in Podiatry clinic• Meets both MWIL and WIL PedagogyInformal MWIL• Self starters• Part-time jobs• Internships• Always prepared to try something new and adaptTheme One – Making the Transformation• Core value of anchoring the self, needed again and again• Experiential evolution• Change to practice, observe and try new things• Linking theory to practice• Comparisons of different work situations• Personal growthTheme Two – Student and Personal Identity• Don't start as a 'blank state'• How students fit into the world of work• Establishing norms and hierarchy• Team values• Discovered more about themselves• Unlocked potential• Greater sense of selfTheme Three- Becoming a Professional• MWIL• lots of experiences• lots of organisations• lots of cultures• Learning becomes exponential• Sense making• Learning by doing / experimenting• Career maturityConclusions MWILStudents want to see themselves as work readyPlacement timeline tool – good to get conversation startedCan be used as a reflection toolReady to be an effective professionalCareer CartographiesLeeds Beckett UniversityAn online module for Arts and Humanities Students exploring Careers Development Learning and Work Integrated LearningPartnership: Careers, Academics, Students, EmployersCarol-Joy PatrickInagural President of Australian Collaborative Education NetworkThe WIL ReportDeveloped Service Learning at Griffith University, providing students with transformative ExperiencesReferencesWard, Lisa J. (2014) Re-aligning Strategic Capacity to deliver Teaching and Learning and Work Integrated Learning (WIL) Outcomes. In: ACEN National Conference 2014 WIL: Building Capacity, 1-3 October, 2014, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.Ward, Lisa J., McAdie, Tina M., Bravington, Alison and King, Nigel (2014) From unskilled to employable: using a qualitative examination of the ‘Placement Timeline Research Method’ to explore student professional and personal development whilst on multiple WIL experiences. In: WACE 10th International Symposium on Co-operative and Work-Integrated Education, 2-4 June, 2014, Trollhatten, Sweden.Purdie, Fiona, Ward, Lisa J., McAdie, Tina M., King, Nigel and Drysdale, Maureen (2013) Are work-integrated learning (WIL) students better equipped psychologically for work post-graduation than their non-work-integrated learning peers? Some initial findings from a UK university. Asia Pacific Journal of Co-operative Education, 14 (2). pp. 117-125. ISSN 1175-2882Ward, Lisa J., McAdie, Tina M., Bravington, Alison and King, Nigel (2012) The Process of Designing and Analysing a Qualitative Study into Multiple WIL Experiences. In: Proceedings of the Australian Collaborative Education Network (ACEN) National Conference. ACEN, Australia, pp. 302-306. ISBN 978-0-9805706-2-5Purdie, Fiona, McAdie, Tina M., King, Nigel and Ward, Lisa J. (2011) In the right placement at the right time? An investigation of the psychological outcomes of placement learning. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29. pp. 717-724. ISSN 1877-0428 Metadata only available from this repository.Purdie, Fiona, Ward, Lisa J., McAdie, Tina M. and King, Nigel (2011) Does work integrated learning better psychologically prepare British students for life and work. In: Association for Sandwich Education and Training (ASET) Annual Conference 2011, September, 2011, Leeds Metropolitan University. (Submitted) Item availability may be restricted.Ward, Lisa J. and Gaffikin, Jane A. (2009) Student Placement Journeys - How journeys may change direction in a recession. A project based upon an on-line collection of video resources showcasing the development of students on one year work placements with views from their employers and placement tutors. In: ASET Annual Conference 2009: Proceedings of the 2009 Placement and Employability Professionals’ Conference. ASET, Sheffield, pp. 110-140. ISBN 978-0-9564559-1-8Ward, Lisa J. and Gaffikin, Jane A. (2009) How inspirational and innovative Teaching and Learning projects at the University of Huddersfield prepare our graduates with employability skills for a changing world of work. In: 18th World Conference for Co-operative Education, 'An International Dialogue in Vancouver', July, 2009, Vancouver, Canada.Ward, Lisa J. and Gaffikin, Jane A. (2009) Student Placement Journeys - An On-line collection of video resources showcasing the development of students on one year work placements with the views from their employers and placement tutors. In: 18th World Conference for Co-operative Education, 'An International Dialogue in Vancouver', July, 2009, Vancouver, Canada.Ward, Lisa J. and Gaffikin, Jane A. (2008) Placement Podcasts: The Employers' Perspective. In: Proceedings of the 2008 Placement and Employability Professionals' Conference. ASET, Plymouth. ISBN 978-0-9542231-8-2Ward, Lisa J. and Gaffikin, Jane A. (2007) Placement Podcasts - The University of Huddersfield Experience. In: 15th World Conference on Co-operative Education, June 2007, Singapore.Ward, Lisa J. (2006) Graduate Employment Links to Sandwich Year Work Placements. In: Changing Student Choices. A Joint Higher Education Academy and Higher Education Careers Service Unit Conference, July, 2006, University of Manchester, UK.WIL is most effective when it's CollaborativeQuestions?l.j.ward@leedsbeckett.ac.uk

Keynote Speech 'A Journey from Work Placement to Work Integrated Learning Pedagogy. What I’ve learned from my own Research and Practice and Research and Collaboration with others'

http://eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk/5730/1/AJourneyfromWorkPlacementtoWorkPPT-WARD.pdf

Keynote Speech 'A Journey from Work Placement to Work Integrated Learning Pedagogy. What I’ve learned from my own Research and Practice and Research and Collaboration with others'

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