Avaliação da taxa de desidratação e das práticas de hidratação em corredores de meia maratona

Abstract

Evaluate the hydration experiences before, during and after a half-marathon competition, and also determine the dehydration levels of these athletes. It’s about a transversal, descriptive and quantitative with exploring characteristics research, in which 241 athletes participated, of both genders, in ages between 19 and 59 years old, it happened during the Sun’s Half-Marathon national competition done with the athletes of 21km competition. The hydration level was evaluated before and after the race, through body weight, and for knowledge evaluation some questions were applied asking for before, during and after the training and competition. In knowledge and behavior’s evaluation of the athletes we noticed that most of them show themselves well informed about hydration. However, a concerning statistic is that 20% of people who were evaluated say that “an athlete shall not drink water or other fluids during the training and competition”. The body weight was significantly reduced (p<0,0001); on average, the group lost 2,76 ± 1,57 kg. The athletes consumed about 688,57 ml/h, they showed a sweating level of 45,92 ± 26,17 mL/min and 57,0% of moderated dehydration. It was verified that the athletes of this modality had a significant loss of weight level, most of them presenting more than 2% levels, they are well-informed, however they require personal recommendation, because the general recommendations don’t apply to the needs of the studied public.Avaliar as práticas de hidratação antes, durante e após uma competição de meia maratona, bem como determinar o percentual de desidratação destes atletas, além de relacioná-lo com desempenho na competição. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, descritiva, quantitativa com caráter exploratório, da qual participaram do estudo 241 atletas de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 19 e 59 anos, que ocorreu durante a competição nacional Meia Maratona do Sol com atletas da prova 21km. O estado de hidratação foi avaliado antes e após a corrida através do peso corporal e para avaliação dos conhecimentos aplicou-se um questionário abordando antes, durante e após os treinos e competições. Na avaliação dos conhecimentos e comportamentos dos atletas observamos que estes se apresentam, em sua maioria, adequadamente informados sobre hidratação. No entanto, um dado preocupante é que 20% da amostra afirmam que “um atleta não deve beber água ou outros fluidos durante os treinos ou competições”.  A massa corporal foi significativamente reduzida (p<0,0001); em média, o grupo perdeu 2,76 ± 1,57 kg. Os atletas consumiram em média 688,57 ml/hr, apresentaram uma taxa de sudorese média de 45,92 ± 26,17 mL/mim e 57,0% desidratação moderada. Verificou-se que os atletas desta modalidade obtiveram um percentual de perda de peso significativo, sendo a maioria apresentou níveis acima de 2%, apresentam-se bem informados, no entanto requerem recomendações individualizadas, pois as recomendações gerais não se aplicam as necessidades do público estudado. ABSTRACT Assessment of dehydration rate and hydration practices in half-marathon runnersEvaluate the hydration experiences before, during and after a half-marathon competition, and also determine the dehydration levels of these athletes. It’s about a transversal, descriptive and quantitative with exploring characteristics research, in which 241 athletes participated, of both genders, in ages between 19 and 59 years old, it happened during the Sun’s Half-Marathon national competition done with the athletes of 21km competition. The hydration level was evaluated before and after the race, through body weight, and for knowledge evaluation some questions were applied asking for before, during and after the training and competition. In knowledge and behavior’s evaluation of the athletes we noticed that most of them show themselves well informed about hydration. However, a concerning statistic is that 20% of people who were evaluated say that “an athlete shall not drink water or other fluids during the training and competition”. The body weight was significantly reduced (p<0,0001); on average, the group lost 2,76 ± 1,57 kg. The athletes consumed about 688,57 ml/h, they showed a sweating level of 45,92 ± 26,17 mL/min and 57,0% of moderated dehydration. It was verified that the athletes of this modality had a significant loss of weight level, most of them presenting more than 2% levels, they are well-informed, however they require personal recommendation, because the general recommendations don’t apply to the needs of the studied public