AB Wardini

AD Kennedy

AK Gupta

AO de Graaf

AR Clayton

AS Savchenko

AW Segal

C Caux

C Gabriel

D Ermert

D Palic

E Aga

GS Garcia-Romo

I Schmid

IR Welsh

JD Lippolis

JS Mader

JT Buchanan

K Beiter

K Fujie

K Kessenbrock

L Vitkov

LB Chen

LV Johnson

M von Kockritz-Blickwede

MC O’Brien

ML Lim

N Borregaard

N Shimoda

P Chuammitri

PG Barlow

R Dworski

R Lande

RJ Johnson

S Bhatia

S Bruns

SJ Weiss

TA Fuchs

V Brinkmann

V Papayannopoulos

V Ramos-Kichik

VS Baker

Y Weinrauch

SpringerPlus

English

Abstract
          Neutrophils are one the earliest, crucial innate defenses against innumerable pathogens. Their main microbicidal activities include phagocytosis and degranulation, with many pharmacologically active molecules contributing to inflammation. Recently, a novel antimicrobial mechanism was discovered; the Neutrophil Extracelullar Traps (NETs) formed by extrusion of DNA and associated molecules (histones, elastase, antimicrobial peptides, among others) which trap and kill microorganisms. Since NETs were recently described, research has focused on their induction and microbicidal properties, and recently on disease involvement. However, the functional consequences of NETs interacting with other immune cells, either resident or recruited during early inflammation, have not been assessed.
          We therefore investigated the consequences of exposing two major APCs, macrophages (Mfs) and conventional Dendritic Cells (cDCs) to NETs. Our data revealed that at early times (30 min), both Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) showed induction of important costimulatory molecules (CD80, CD86). Unexpectedly, however, at later times (6 and 24 hours) NETs apparently triggered a cell death process in these APCs by a caspase- and Apoptosis induced factor (AIF)-dependent pathway, suggesting mitochondrial damage. By rhodamine-123 labelling we found that in both APCs, relatively prolonged exposure to NETs or their components importantly decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential. Ultrastructural analysis confirmed mitochondrial alterations in both APCs.
          Our results would suggest that early in inflammation, NETs can activate the two main APCs (Mfs and cDCs), but as the process continues, NETs can then initiate apoptosis of these cells through mitochondrial harm. Conceivable, this “late” induction of cell death in these two APCs might start limiting an ongoing inflammatory process to control it.</jats:p

Luis Donis-Maturano

Luvia E Sánchez-Torres

Arturo Cerbulo-Vázquez

Rommel Chacón-Salinas

Gina S García-Romo

Mariana C Orozco-Uribe

Juan C Yam-Puc

Marco A González-Jiménez

Yuriria L Paredes-Vivas

Juana Calderón-Amador

Sergio Estrada-Parra

Iris Estrada-García

Leopoldo Flores-Romo

Crossref

Prolonged exposure to neutrophil extracellular traps can induce mitochondrial damage in macrophages and dendritic cells

https://springerplus.springeropen.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s40064-015-0932-8?site=springerplus.springeropen.com

Prolonged exposure to neutrophil extracellular traps can induce mitochondrial damage in macrophages and dendritic cells

Abstract

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