Too much lead in the human body can cause serious damage to the brain, kidneys, nervous system and red blood cells. This NebGuide discusses practices to address lead in a domestic water supply. Lead in Drinking Water Small quantities of lead can be a serious health concern, especially for children. Sources of lead in the environment include lead-based paint; lead contaminated soil, air and dust; lead contaminated food; imported food in lead-soldered cans; non-FDA regulated ceramics with lead glazes; leaded crystal and lead contaminated drinking water