<p><b>A-B.</b> Expression levels of MFN1, MFN2, OPA1, DRP1, Fis1, and MFF were detected by RT–PCR (A) and western blot (B)analysis in pancreatic beta INS-1E cellswith treatment as indicated. <b>(C)</b>Top: Levels of HIF-1α and phosphorylated DRP1 (S637)or(S616)were detected by western blot analysis in pancreatic beta INS-1E cellswith treatment as indicated.Bottom: Western blot scanning densitometry for three independent experiments.Blots were probed for β-actin to ensure equal proteinloading. *P<0.05.<b>(D)</b>Top: Levels of DRP1 in total lysates and mitochondrial fraction were examined by western blot analysis in pancreatic beta INS-1E cellswith treatment as indicated. VDACserves as loading controls. Mito: mitochondria.Bottom: Western blot scanning densitometry for three independent experiments.Blots were probed for β-actinor VDAC respectively to ensure equal proteinloading. *P<0.05.All experiments were repeated three times.</p
