Additional components allow more newly developed photosynthetic systems and car engines to outperform conventional ones under specific conditions.

Abstract

<p>(a) Supercharged engines outperform conventional ICEs with increasing altitude (decreasing O₂ concentration). (b) Likewise, “supercharged” C4 crops (corn and sorghum combined data) outperform “conventional” C3 crops (soybeans (o) and wheat (x)) with decreasing CO₂ concentration. (c) Hybrid cars strongly outperform their traditional counterparts under conditions of high variability in driving speed, while they perform similarly under conditions of low variability. (d) In a similar fashion, CAM plants strongly outperform their C3 counterparts in conditions of high variability in vapor pressure deficit, while they are less efficient in the absence of variability.</p