Antigen conjugation to TMV.

Abstract

<p>Purified antigens were conjugated to TMV in a 1:1 molar ratio in an amide-carboxylate reaction using conditions optimized for each specific protein. M: Marker (Precision Plus Dual Color Standard- BioRad). T0: start time (mixture of TMV and antigen), R (1–4): independent reactions, T90-T180: time points (minutes) after reaction start. Successful conjugation is demonstrated by reduction in protein and an increase in conjugate product (>250kDa; arrow, or in the gel stack; arrowhead).</p