Shape-Templated Growth of Au@Cu Nanoparticles

Abstract

We report the formation of copper nanoparticles with various morphologies and low polydispersity, using Au nanoparticles as templates. This seeded growth strategy is based on the reduction of Cu²⁺ with hydrazine in water at low temperature. Additionally, the use of poly­(acrylic acid) as capping agent allows synthesis under aerobic conditions. The dimensions of the resulting Au@Cu nanoparticles can be readily tuned through either the dimensions of the Au cores or the Cu/Au molar ratio. Although Au and Cu show a significant lattice mismatch, epitaxial growth of Cu onto single crystal Au nanorods was confirmed through high-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction analysis. The effects of core morphology on the optical properties of the core–shell nanoparticles were analyzed by vis-NIR spectroscopy and were found to agree with simulations based on the boundary element method. This work contributes to understand the strong effect of interband transitions on the optical response of Au@Cu and to confirm the importance of tuning the localized surface plasmon resonance away from the interband transitions