<p>The three types of pressure waveform (A, B, C) and their respective augmentation indices (AIx) are shown. The magnitude of the pressure and wave intensity traces have been scaled equally to allow comparison of morphology. Three principal wave S, c<sup>−</sup><sub>1</sub> and D, forward pressure (P<sub>f</sub>) backward pressure (P<sub>b</sub>) and the shoulder point (P<sub>s</sub>) are indicated.</p