NMm::YFP and R2E2m::YFP aggregates are highly toxic.

Abstract

<p>(A) Motility of 1-day-old adults was determined as speed in % relative to the wild-type N2 control. (B) Confocal images of control N2 (I) and R2E2m::YFP (II) expressing nematodes were stained with rhodamine-phalloidin to reveal actin fibers. Scale bars: 10 µm. (C) The average amount of eggs laid within 2.5 hours by the indicated <i>C. elegans</i> lines. The developmental stage of synchronized embryos was determined after 72 h (displayed as % of eggs laid). (D) 20 L1 larvae of <i>C. elegans</i> lines expressing the indicated transgene were grown at 20°C for 4 days before light micrographs were taken. Within this time wild-type N2 animals become adults and have progeny, some of which in turn would have developed into young adults, as seen with RΔ2-5, but not with NM and R2E2 transgenic animals. (E) DIC images of control (I), and R2E2m::YFP (II–IV) expressing animals. Arrows indicate abnormal gonad (II), old cuticle that has failed to shed and remains attached indicating molting defects (III) and disrupted intestinal cells bordering the distended lumen (IV).</p