<p>(<b>A</b>) 1mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> increased LC3II/I protein expression ratio in ARVM by a factor of 3.4±1.0 (*p<0.05 vs. control). This was abrogated by pretreatment with APN (58±10% reduction; *p<0.05 vs. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-treated cells). (<b>B</b>) Representative Western blot. (<b>C</b>) ARVMs were transfected with GFP-labeled LC3 virus (10moi) to visualize the presence of autophagosomes. 1mM H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> increased the number of GFP-LC3 puncta per cell by a factor of 2.7±0.2 vs. control; (‡p<0.001). Pretreatment with APN decreased this by 45±3% vs. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-treated cells (**p<0.01). (<b>D</b>) Treatment with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (iii) induced the formation of the autophagosome as indicated by green puncta marking the cell perimeter vs. control (<b>i</b>). Pretreatment with APN (ii) led to a reduced number of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced punctate autophagosomes (<b>iv</b>).</p
