Experimental validation of beads on surface as an indicator of substrate deformation.

Abstract

<p><b>A)</b> Phase-contrast image of HeLa cell on the PAA gels (beads were both mixed inside and linked on surface of the gels, as illustrated in the inset). <b>B)</b> Scatter plot of RMSD computed for 22 cells utilizing fluorescence images of the beads on surface (vertical axis) and beads inside (horizontal axis). <b>C)</b> Fluorescence image of beads on surface. <b>D)</b> Fluorescence image of beads inside gels. <b>E)</b> Displacement field was calculated using the fluorescence image of beads on surface before and after cell removal by NaOH solution. <b>F)</b> Displacement field was calculated using the fluorescence image of beads inside before and after cell removal by NaOH solution. The solid white line stood for the cell outline in the both <b>E)</b> and <b>F)</b>.</p