Spatial distribution of <i>R. davurica</i> in a 360×660 m research plot in <i>Jiaohe</i> experimental forest in northeastern China in three years.

Abstract

<p>(a) indicates the distribution in 2010; (b) indicates the distribution in 2011; (c) indicates the distribution in 2012; Squares indicate <i>Rhamnus davurica</i> males; circles indicate females not studied; crosses show females selected for this study. Gray lines show the elevation contours at 5-m intervals.</p