Facile and Green Approach towards Electrically Conductive Hemicellulose Hydrogels with Tunable Conductivity and Swelling Behavior

Abstract

A one-pot reaction to synthesize electrically conductive hemicellulose hydrogels (ECHHs) is developed via a facile and green approach in water and at ambient temperature. ECHHs were achieved by cross-linking <i>O</i>-acetyl-galactoglucomannan (AcGGM) with epichlorohydrin in the presence of conductive aniline pentamer (AP) and were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and elemental analysis. All hydrogels had macro-porous structures, and the thermal stability of ECHHs was improved by the addition of AP. Hydrogel equilibrium swelling ratios (ESRs) varied from 13.7 to 11.4 and were regulated by cross-linker concentration. The ESRs can also be tuned from 9.6 to 6.0 by changing the AP content level from 10 to 40% (w/w) while simultaneously altering conductivity from 9.05 × 10^–9 to 1.58 × 10^–6 S/cm. ECHHs with controllable conductivity, tunable swelling behavior, and acceptable mechanical properties have great potential for biomedical applications, such as biosensors, electronic devices, and tissue engineering