<p><b>(A)(B)</b> Mice (PBS-treated groups: n = 5 per group; H-LF41-treated groups: n = 7 per group) were given 10 days treatment of PBS or H-LF41, either alone or in combination with blockade of EP4, COX-2, or IL-10, or co-blockade of TNF-α with COX-2 or IL-10, and then given IG inoculation with FITC-Dextran. Three hours later, the FITC-Dextran amount in the blood was determined. I-EP4, EP4-specific inhibitor; vehicle, the vehicle for celecoxib; celecoxib, COX-2-specific inhibitor; Anti-TNF, TNF-α-specific antibody; Is-TNF, the isotype control for Anti-TNF; Anti-IL-10, IL-10-specific antibody; Is-IL-10, the isotype control for Anti-IL-10.* P < 0.05; & P < 0.05compared to H-LF41; <b>n.s.</b>, non-statistical difference. <b>(C)</b> ELISA for TNF-α secretion by the terminal ileum collected from mice (PBS-treated groups: n = 5 per group; H-LF41-treated groups: n = 7 per group) fed for 10 days PBS or H-LF41, either singly or in combination with blockade of COX-2, IL-10, or EP4. * P < 0.05; & P < 0.05 compared toH-LF41. <b>(D)</b> q-PCR for <i>Tnf</i> mRNA levels in the epithelial cells (ECs) and lamina propria cells (LPCs) of the terminal ileum from mice (n = 7) treated for 10 days with PBS or H-LF41 in the presence of celecoxib administration. Results are expressed as fold change relative to PBS. * P < 0.05. <b>(E)</b> q-PCR for <i>Tnf</i> mRNA levels in the HMNCs isolated from mice (PBS-treated groups: n = 6 per group; H-LF41-treated groups: n = 8–10 per group) given 10 days treatment of PBS or H-LF41, either alone or together with blockade of EP4, COX-2, or IL-10, or with co-blockade of IL-10 and COX-2. Results are expressed as fold change relative to PBS. * P < 0.05; <b>&</b> P < 0.05 compared to H-LF41. Values are shown as mean ± SEM. Results are representative of 2 similar experiments.</p
