The temporal change of a) soil temperature, gravimetric soil water content, and water filled pore space (WFPS), b) CO₂ evolution from the soil with biochar and amendments.

Abstract

<p>c) Average soil CO_<b>2</b> emissions by different amendments. Four solid arrows show the urea and compost application events and two thick open arrows indicate the timing for biochar application. Error bars in c) represent the standard errors among the average data of the sampling dates.</p