Florets of Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus</i> L.): Potential New Sources of Dietary Fiber and Phenolic Acids
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Abstract
Ray florets (Rf) and disc florets
(Df) are agricultural byproducts
of sunflower seeds. Their nutrition-related compounds were determined.
The dietary fiber contents in Rf and Df were 42.90 mg/100 g and 58.97
mg/100 g. In both florets, palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acids
were identified as the three most abundant fatty acids, and the saturated
ones constitute approximately two-thirds (w/w) of the total fatty
acids. Lysine was the limiting amino acid in both florets by World
Health Organization standards. Sixteen phenolic compounds, nine free
and eight bound, mainly depsides, were identified in florets by RP-HPLC-DAD/ESI-TOF-MS.
The free and bound phenolic compounds in Df were higher than in Rf.
1,5-di-<i>O</i>-caffeoylquinic acid was the predominant
free phenolic compound in both florets. The present study revealed
that the florets of sunflower are rich sources of dietary fiber, Fe,
and phenols